本論文屬於質的研究，以北京中華書局一九九○年二十五冊《全唐詩》版本為範圍，共選出二百零七首游俠詩，並旁及使用游俠之典及具俠氣特質的詩歌。一般俠義文學研究大多停留在史傳、小說、戲曲，對於詩歌研究卻一直乏人問津。本論文從游俠詩最興盛的唐代入手，企圖為唐詩與俠義文學研究作一補白，也為認識唐人任俠提供一扇門徑。全文凡十七萬餘言，除第一章〈緒論〉，第六章〈結論〉外，正文共分四章：第二章「游俠身分探討」，以唐代之前游俠形象變遷為範圍，以歷史縱向為線，為唐代游俠詩歌中游俠形象，何以形成古代游俠（指唐代之前）的綜合體之說鋪路。依「游俠的原始形象」、「先秦的游俠」、「兩漢的豪俠」、「魏晉六朝的游俠形態」四個時代斷層分別介紹之。第三章「唐代游俠詩歌之緣起」中，則就游俠詩歌何以在唐代綻放光芒之因素，分外緣、內緣兩方面探討之。外緣部分就其社會背景提供游俠滋生溫床為主，內緣部分則針對詩人俠氣的自然流露、游俠樂府傳統繼承、文風轉變的影響氣與邊塞詩風的刺激等文學內在因素討論之。第四章「唐代游俠詩歌之分期」，則依初、盛、中、晚四個階段，將游俠詩發展作一、二、三、四期介紹。使游俠詩歌在唐代發展呈現「史」的脈絡。第五章「唐代游俠詩歌之綜合分析」，則從「寫作體裁」、「主題特色」、「物象運用」為游俠詩研究作橫向分析的補充，目地在使唐代游俠詩歌之藝術價值的獨特性更為突顯，不只停留在其內容轉變、社會意義的研究。企圖使本論文呈現一個「面」的全方位認知系統。整體而言，自曹植寫〈白馬篇〉、〈結客篇〉之後，文人用詩歌寫游俠已成一文學系統。唐代除在前人基礎上發揚光大外，舊題新作、新題新作的游俠詩歌對之後俠義文學寫作基型，擴展俠義文學視野，皆具有相當重要的領導地位。

This master's thesis deals with the analysis and presentation of the global company Nike, especially the perception of the brand as a symbol of basketball. The master's thesis is divided into two parts. The first part describes the theoretical and methodological starting points, particularly the international marketing environment, concepts and strategic approaches, international marketing mix, plus the event marketing and sponsorship, which are an integral part of Nike marketing. The practical part describes the Nike company both from an international perspective, and marketing activities in the domestic environment. Based on the information and the survey, conducted gives recommendations for marketing activities in the basketball category in the domestic market.

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Living in an era where success is embraced as a life style, raises concerns that the alternatives to become, to grow and mature have been limited to a single variety – one where only triumph matters. This is a view that is spread through contemporary popular culture, whether it be in social media, video games, tv-series, films or books. One of its origins can be found in Christopher Vogler’s dramaturgical template The Hero’s Journey. A common motif used in The Hero’s Journey is the Quest-motif; a knight on an adventure seeking the holy Grail; or Indiana Jones on search for the Arch. One of the foremost examples of the Quest-motif in English literature is the medieval poem Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, but the hero in this tale does not come of age through success, but rather through shame and failure. By comparing the original 1400-century alliterative poem Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, with the 2021 film adaption The Green Knight, and relating them to the Hero’s Journey, the aim of this essay is to show that the ways to become are altered in the adaptation and to argue that the film is moulded to fit with the Hero’s Journey. This essay proposes that contemporary story telling lacks alternative ways to become, since modern narrative structures are focused on Coming of Age through success in accordance with the Hero’s Journey. If storytellers can create a greater awareness of the discourse of success and how they themselves are subjects of malleability of this discourse, maybe the contemporary audiences will experience narratives that provide a variety of ways to become, creating a world shaped by diversity and inclusion.

Worn items are a crucial part of non-verbal social interaction that simultaneously exhibits communal, cultural, and political structures and individual preferences. This thesis examines the role of fictional costume and colour in constructing identities within two fourteenth-century Arthurian verse narratives: Froissart’s Middle French Meliador and the anonymous Middle English Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. To emphasise the imaginative value of material cultures and discuss the potential reception of fictional objects, the argument draws on illuminations from nine manuscripts of prose Arthurian stories. Particularly stressing the role of colour in garments, the first chapter examines the issues of analysing literary costume, reviews the provenances of the texts and illuminations, and establishes the relevant historical background concerning fashion, symbolism, and materials of construction (such as fabric, dyes, and decorations). This is followed by two chapters on men’s items. First, the use of courtly clothes and colour-related epithets in manipulating perception and deceiving internal and external audiences is explored. Second, the symbolic value of arms and armour in tournament society is evaluated alongside the tensions between war and armed games that such tools reveal. Chapter four expands on the preceding chapters by discussing the application of heraldry as a malleable identifier. Chapter five considers how ladies’ garments, bodies, and character are coalesced and separated through adoption or rejection of literary techniques, thereby creating conflict between noblewomen as social commodities and as persons with narrative agency. The final chapter analyses the employment of wearable items as gifts and commodities and how such objects can alter interpersonal relationships. Colour and costume are a means by which narratives can explore, accept, or reject literary topoi. Their myriad functions allow the active manipulation of identity, relationships, and internal and external audiences. By focusing on the pluralities and ambiguities of meaning connected to colour and costume, this thesis explores how these materials mediate between conflicting connotations to create new meanings within the narratives.

The medieval English poem Sir Gawain and the Green Knight evidences much of its Celtic heritage in the plot and subplot, as well as in the characters themselves. The Ulster Cycle, an ancient Irish story group, and the Mabinogion, a medieval collection of traditional Welsh tales, both contain parallels to the English romance. In addition to these numerous analogues, other Celtic features appear in the poem. Knowingly or not, the Gawain-poet used the conventions of the Irish and Welsh traditions in the Other World journey, the battle-belt/lace, the pentangle/ sun symbol, and the color green. A study of these elements as Celtic features of the poem ensures a proper reading of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight.

Nous avons effectué dans ce mémoire des études de magnéto-luminescence sur des boîtes quantiques individuelles de GaAs insérées dans une matrice de GaAlAs, boîtes qui se distinguent de la plupart des systèmes étudiés par l’absence des contraintes. Nous avons pu mesurer l’impact de l’orientation cristalline du substrat sur lequel s’effectue la croissance de ces boîtes sur les propriétés magnéto-optiques.Nous avons pu présenter les premières expériences pratiquées sur des structures à boîtes quantique GaAs « gouttelettes » à charge ajustable, élaborées sur substrat orienté (001). La structure fine des excitons a été étudiée en détail et analysée au moyen d’un modèle analytique y compris en champ transverse permettant d’établir les états et énergies propres. Nous avons observé la polarisation dynamique des noyaux à champ nul dans les boîtes quantiques sans contraintes élaborées sur substrat (111)A. Les décalages Overhauser mesurés s’élèvent à 15 – 16 μeV, correspondant à un champ nucléaire de 0.25 T environ. En champ magnétique transverse, nous avons observé des déviations significatives par rapport àl’effet Hanle normal dans le domaine des faibles champs / In this thesis the magneto-optical properties of single GaAs semiconductor quantum dots in AlGaAs barriers are presented. The strain free dots are grown by original Volmer-Weber ("droplet") epitaxy techniques in a molecular beam epitaxy system at the National Institute for Material Science NIMS, Tsukuba, Japan. We showed the first optical investigation of symmetric GaAs quantum dots grown on (111)A substrates. The inherently small neutral exciton fine structure splitting makes this a promising systemfor the generation of polarisation entangled photons via the exciton-biexciton radiative cascade. In photoluminescence spectra in longitudinal magnetic fields applied along the growth axis, we observe in addition to the expected bright states also nominally dark transitions for both charged and neutral excitons. We uncover a strongly non monotonic, sign-changing field dependence of the bright neutral exciton splitting resulting from the interplay between exchange and Zeeman effects. We present a microscopic theory developed in close collaboration with the A. F. Ioffe Institute (St. Petersburg,Russia) of the magnetic field induced mixing of heavy-hole states with angular momentum projections 3/2 in GaAs droplet dots grown on (111)A substrates.Chapter 4 of this thesis is focused on the charge tuneable structures grown on n+-(100) GaAs substrate. In non-intentionally doped samples, due to charge fluctuations, the neutral X0 exciton and the positively (negatively) charged exciton X+(X-) are observed simultaneously in time integrated spectra. We present here deterministic charging of droplet dots with single electrons. Detailed studies in transverse magnetic fields allowed unambiguously identifying the charge states and determining the exciton fine structure. The neutral exciton fine structure was tuned to zero in finite transverse fields, a crucial property for achieving efficient polarization entangled two photon sources. In chapter 5, we focus on the nuclear spin effects in [111] grown quantum dots under optical pumping conditions. An optically oriented electron spin can transfer its polarization to a nucleus (Overhauser effect). In the well-studied strained InGaAs dots in GaAs, dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) at zero applied magnetic field is possible due to screening of the nuclear dipole-dipole interaction by strong nuclear quadrupole effects. Here we present the first observation of DNP in strain free dots, i.e. in theabsence of nuclear quadrupole effects. We investigated in detail the role of the strong effective magnetic field acting on the nuclei due to the presence of a well-oriented electron spin (Knight field). This Knight field in the order of 15 mT for most dots is an important ingredient for the observed DNP at zero field. The intricate interplay between the Knight field and the Overhauser field is studied in a transverse magnetic field. These Hanle measurements performed on single dots allow us to determine the sign of the confined electron g-factor and spin relaxation time

Gardens played a significant role in the lives of European peoples living in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. By producing texts in which gardens and other cultivated landscapes are used as symbol and setting, medieval writers provide us with the opportunity to gain insight into the sociocultural conventions associated with these spaces in the late medieval period. By building our understanding of medieval horticulture through an examination of historical texts, we position ourselves to achieve a greater understanding into the formation of contemporary cultivated literary landscapes and their attendant conventional codes. This study provides a map of current medieval garden interpretation, assessing the shape and validity of recent literary criticism of this field. With a focus on the hortus conclusus (the walled pleasure garden) and arboricultural spaces (including hunting and pleasure parks), this study provides an historicist reinterpretation of horticultural landscapes in Chaucer’s Troilus and Criseyde, Sir Orfeo, and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, furthering our understanding of the authors’ use of such conventionally-coded spaces in these canonical romances.

Gardens played a significant role in the lives of European peoples living in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. By producing texts in which gardens and other cultivated landscapes are used as symbol and setting, medieval writers provide us with the opportunity to gain insight into the sociocultural conventions associated with these spaces in the late medieval period. By building our understanding of medieval horticulture through an examination of historical texts, we position ourselves to achieve a greater understanding into the formation of contemporary cultivated literary landscapes and their attendant conventional codes. This study provides a map of current medieval garden interpretation, assessing the shape and validity of recent literary criticism of this field. With a focus on the hortus conclusus (the walled pleasure garden) and arboricultural spaces (including hunting and pleasure parks), this study provides an historicist reinterpretation of horticultural landscapes in Chaucer’s Troilus and Criseyde, Sir Orfeo, and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, furthering our understanding of the authors’ use of such conventionally-coded spaces in these canonical romances.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2003. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 196-202). Also available on the Internet.