The quest to answer fundamental questions and solve complex problems is a principal tenet of Earth science. The pursuit of scientific knowledge has generated profuse research, resulting in a plethora of information-rich resources. This phenomenon offers great potential for scientific discovery. However, a deficiency in information connectivity and processing standards has become evident. This deficiency has resulted in a demand for tools to facilitate and process this upsurge in information. This ontology project is an answer to the demand for information processing tools. The primary purpose of this domain-specific ontology and knowledge base is to organize, connect, and correlate research data related to brittle deformation microstructures. This semantically enabled ontology may be queried to return not only asserted information, but inferred knowledge that may not be evident. In addition, its standardized development in OWL-DL (Web Ontology Language-Description Logic) allows the potential for sharing and reuse among other geologic science communities.

ITIL tai eilė dokumentų, kurie naudojami siekiant padėti įdiegti IT paslaugų valdymo struktūrą. Ši individualiai pagal įmonės poreikius pritaikoma struktūra nustato, kaip paslaugų valdymas vykdomas konkrečioje įmonėje arba verslo teorija, orientuota į darbo optimizavimą bei kokybės užtikrinimą IT kompanijose. Mūsų darbo tyrimo sritis buvo modifikuoto incidentų eskalavimo algoritmas, jo modifikacija ir pritaikymas sistemoje. Bei rezultatų palyginimas su ITIL metodologija paremtu algoritmu. Tikslas – susisteminti IT ūkio sprendžiamas problemas. / The Information Technology Infrastructure Library is a framework of best practice approaches intended to facilitate the delivery of high quality information technology services. ITIL outlines an extensive set of management procedures that are intended to support businesses in achieving both high financial quality and value in IT operations. Our made-up computer technology and software failure system is based on ITIL methodology. We suggested modified incidents priority lifting algorithm, which presents better row of troubles.

Projektuojamas biologijos dalyko žinių bazės sistemos įrankis integruotas virtualioje mokymosi aplinkoje leis pasitikrinti biologijos žinias apie žuvis.Tokioje sistemoje vartotojui bus leidžiama pasiekti turinį ir parsisiųsti elektroninius išteklius. Sistema turėtų būti prieinama daugeliui vartotojų ir ją galėtų naudoti kaip mokymo priemonę. Biologijos žinių bazės įrankio paskirtis - pateikti vartotojui reikalingas žinias, padėti atrasti atsakymus į užduotus klausimus ir palengvinti mokymąsi. / Designing of Biology Subject Knowledge Base integrated virtual study environment enable coat check principles of biology about fish. At that system user was enable access contents and send paperless reservoir. System must be accessible many users and it must be used learning tools. Biology Subject Knowledge Base tools purpose – lay users required knowledge and help discover answers in put question and make easer training.

This project presents an investigation into the viability of alternative knowl- edge acquisition strategies in knowledge management systems. The goal of this project is to illustrate that alternative means of knowledge acquisition can have a significant effect on the quality of the knowledge base. To accomplish this a modification of a wiki system, dubbed Prometheus, is proposed that uses a threshold based user vote acquisition mechanism. A simulation approach is used to compare a model of the Prometheus system against a model of a standard wiki system. A simulation framework is described that facilitates comparison between models of knowledge systems. The simu- lation framework is used to compare the knowledge systems in three different scenarios in an attempt to determine the conditions in which the Prometheus system may produce a higher quality knowledge base. The results of these ex- periments are presented along with some discussion and areas for future work.

La métaphore est une figure de style dans laquelle la signification d’un mot est transférée à un autre mot. Par exemple, l’énoncé « Axel est un renard » est une métaphore pouvant signifier qu’un homme appelé Axel est une personne rusée. La métaphore n’est pas seulement textuelle, elle se présente souvent sous une forme imagée. Par conséquent, l’image d’un homme avec un corps de renard pourra être traduite verbalement par : « cet homme est un renard ». Selon Forceville (2007, 2009), la métaphore picturale se définit en fonction de son type (métaphore contextuelle, métaphore hybride, métaphore de comparaison et métaphore intégrée), de sa structure (métaphore monomodale et multimodale) et de son usage (dans la publicité, dans les campagnes sociales, dans les caricatures politiques ou encore dans l’Art). L’objectif de ce travail est de créer une base de connaissances de métaphores picturales en examinant leur composition (topiques, véhicules). Les études expérimentales réalisées examinent la compréhension de métaphores picturales monomodales de type hybride en se focalisant sur le processus d’attribution de propriétés dans des situations où l’effet de la langue maternelle (française versus espagnole), du contexte, de l’âge et de l’usage de la métaphore est mesuré. La discussion met en évidence les apports et les limites de ce travail qui conduisent à des perspectives de recherche en considérant les travaux contemporains du domaine, l’utilisation d’outils spécifiques (e.g. oculomètre) et en élargissant le contexte d’étude de la métaphore à d’autres domaines de la psychologie (e.g. Neuropsychologie), d’autres publics (e.g. enfants) et des cultures éloignées (e.g. coréenne). / A metaphor is a figure of style in which the meaning of a term is transferred to that another term. For example, the sentence “Axel is a fox” is a metaphor in which a man is smart. The metaphor is not only introduced in a text. It can be depicted in a picture. Therefore, the image of a man with a body of a fox can refer to the sentence: “this man is a fox.” According to Forceville (2007,2009), a pictorial metaphor can be characterized considering its type (contextual metaphor, hybrid metaphor, simile and integrated metaphor), considering its structure (monomodal and multimodal metaphor) and its use (in commercials, in social campaigns, in political cartoons or in Art). The aim of this work is to create a knowledge base of pictorial metaphors examining their characteristics (topics, vehicles). Experimental studies examined the understanding of monomodal pictorial hybrid metaphors by focusing on property attribution process in several situations regarding the effect of the native language (French versus Spanish), context, age and the use of the metaphor. The discussion section illustrates perspectives of research considering current studies focused on pictorial metaphor comprehension and the use of specific tools (e.g. eye tracker). The understanding of pictorial metaphors could be applied to others field of expertise of psychology (e.g. Neuropsychology), other people (e.g. children) and different cultures (e.g. Korean).

O presente trabalho se propôs a investigar como os estagiários de música desenvolvem sua ação pedagógica a partir dos saberes docentes mobilizados e socializados na atividade de estágio. Os trabalhos de Lee S. Shulman (1986, 1987, 2004), Maurice Tardif (2002) e Clermont Gauthier et al. (1998) fundamentam o referencial teórico desta investigação. A partir desses autores, discuto o conceito de ação pedagógica; a natureza dos saberes docentes e o conceito de saberes da ação pedagógica. A metodologia de pesquisa adotada foi o estudo de casos. Os participantes desta pesquisa foram dois estagiários que realizavam sua prática docente em aulas coletivas de música no ensino fundamental. A coleta de dados utilizou diferentes técnicas: 1) entrevistas semi-estruturadas; 2) entrevistas focadas com técnica de estimulação de memória; 3) observação naturalista, não participante; 4) gravação em vídeo das aulas observadas; e 5) análise de documentos escritos dos estagiários. A hermenêutica fenomenológica de Gadamer (1997) orientou o diálogo interpretativo com os dados. A interpretação realizada destacou dois pilares de análise: o contexto formativo e interativo da atividade de estágio; e o desenvolvimento da ação pedagógica dos estagiários. Esses pilares são interdependentes e implicam a relação dialética entre a mobilização e a socialização de saberes. Os saberes desenvolvidos pelos estagiários em sua ação pedagógica têm uma natureza própria que reflete a gestão interativa em sala de aula. Esses saberes são saberes experienciais que, validados e legitimados na mobilização e socialização, podem ser identificados como saberes da ação pedagógico-musical. Esta tese defende o reconhecimento destes saberes como base teórica para a formação de professores de música e para o desenvolvimento da profissionalidade docente em música. / This doctoral dissertation investigates how the student music teachers develop their pedagogical action through the use of a knowledge base that is mobilized and socialized during preservice teaching practice. Authors such as Lee S. Shulman (1986, 1987, 2004), Maurice Tardif (2002) and Clermont Gauthier (1998) provide the theoretical premises for this investigation. Based upon the work of these authors, the research discusses the concept of pedagogical action; the nature of teaching knowledge bases; and the underlying concept of pedagogical action knowledge bases. The research methodology adopted entailed case studies. Two student music teachers, who were undergoing preservice field experience with groups of primaryschool students, participated in the research project. Various data collection techniques were employed: 1) semi-structured interviews; 2) focused stimulation recall sessions; 3) naturalistic non-participative observation; 4) video recordings of classes; and 5) analysis of documents written by the student teachers. Gadamer’s phenomenological hermeneutics (1997) guided interpretative dialogue on the data. This interpretation underscored two pillars of analysis: the formative and interactive context of pre-service activities; and the development of pedagogical action on the part of student teachers. These pillars are interdependent and rely on the dialectic relationship between mobilization and socialization of the knowledge base. Knowledge developed by the student teachers in the course of their pedagogical activities is of a singular nature, which reflects their interactive action in the classroom. Such knowledge arises from the experiential knowledge base which, validated and legitimized through mobilization and socialization, can be identified as the pedagogical-musical action knowledge base. This thesis advocates acknowledgment of such knowledge bases as the theoretical premises for musicteacher development and for preparation of professionally qualified music teachers.

As Redes Bayesianas constituem um modelo computacional adequado para a realização de inferências probabilísticas em domínios que envolvem a incerteza. O raciocínio diagnóstico médico pode ser caracterizado como um ato de inferência probabilística em um domínio incerto, onde a elaboração de hipóteses diagnósticas é representada pela estratificação de doenças em função das probabilidades a elas associadas. A presente dissertação faz uma pesquisa sobre a metodologia para construção/validação de redes bayesianas voltadas à área médica, e utiliza estes conhecimentos para o desenvolvimento de uma rede probabilística para o auxílio diagnóstico da Insuficiência Cardíaca (IC). Esta rede bayesiana, implementada como parte do sistema SEAMED/AMPLIA, teria o papel de alerta para o diagnóstico e tratamento precoce da IC, o que proporcionaria uma maior agilidade e eficiência no atendimento de pacientes portadores desta patologia. / Bayesian networks (BN) constitute an adequate computational model to make probabilistic inference in domains that involve uncertainty. Medical diagnostic reasoning may be characterized as an act of probabilistic inference in an uncertain domain, where diagnostic hypotheses elaboration is represented by the stratification of diseases according to the related probabilities. The present dissertation researches the methodology used in the construction/validation of Bayesian Networks related to the medical field, and makes use of this knowledge for the development of a probabilistic network to aid in the diagnosis of Heart Failure (HF). This BN, implemented as part of the SEAMED/AMPLIA System, would engage in the role of alerting for early diagnosis and treatment of HF, which could provide faster and more efficient healthcare of patients carrying this pathology.

Research report presented to SBL, Unisa, Midrand. / No abstract / Graduate School of Business Leadership / MBL

As Redes Bayesianas constituem um modelo computacional adequado para a realização de inferências probabilísticas em domínios que envolvem a incerteza. O raciocínio diagnóstico médico pode ser caracterizado como um ato de inferência probabilística em um domínio incerto, onde a elaboração de hipóteses diagnósticas é representada pela estratificação de doenças em função das probabilidades a elas associadas. A presente dissertação faz uma pesquisa sobre a metodologia para construção/validação de redes bayesianas voltadas à área médica, e utiliza estes conhecimentos para o desenvolvimento de uma rede probabilística para o auxílio diagnóstico da Insuficiência Cardíaca (IC). Esta rede bayesiana, implementada como parte do sistema SEAMED/AMPLIA, teria o papel de alerta para o diagnóstico e tratamento precoce da IC, o que proporcionaria uma maior agilidade e eficiência no atendimento de pacientes portadores desta patologia. / Bayesian networks (BN) constitute an adequate computational model to make probabilistic inference in domains that involve uncertainty. Medical diagnostic reasoning may be characterized as an act of probabilistic inference in an uncertain domain, where diagnostic hypotheses elaboration is represented by the stratification of diseases according to the related probabilities. The present dissertation researches the methodology used in the construction/validation of Bayesian Networks related to the medical field, and makes use of this knowledge for the development of a probabilistic network to aid in the diagnosis of Heart Failure (HF). This BN, implemented as part of the SEAMED/AMPLIA System, would engage in the role of alerting for early diagnosis and treatment of HF, which could provide faster and more efficient healthcare of patients carrying this pathology.

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