Due to the environmental regulations and acts proposed and initiated by EU, enterprises have to take the impact on the environment into account. As such, they need to standardize suppliers¡¦ production process and management mechanism in their supply chain to lower the impact of their products and production process to the environment. As a result, how to establish suppliers¡¦ awareness of environmental concept and share the knowledge of green product production and related environmental management practices have become the key issue about green supply chain management. This study uses case study method, and seven enterprises which perform well in environmental protection are interviewed. After analysis, there are seven issues are found in this study: 1. Environmental acts in the local markets have positive influence on the implementation of green supply management by global enterprises. 2. The more customization and modularized the product of enterprise is, the more they enhance their green supply management, in order to respond to environmental acts. 3. The emphasis on environmental acts will assist the long-term and cooperative relationship between enterprises and their suppliers. 4. The emphasis on environmental acts will affect positively the collaborative innovation of green supply management. 5. The relationship between enterprises and their suppliers will influence the types of sharing knowledge in green supply management. 5-1. When enterprises and their suppliers have short-term and contractual relationship, they tend to share only explicit knowledge. 5-2. When enterprises and their suppliers have long-term and cooperative relationship, they tend to share explicit and implicit knowledge. 6. The more innovative the products of enterprises, which also have the characteristic of an assembly plant and a system manufacturer in the supply chain, the more likely they play a leading and transferring role in the knowledge sharing of green supply management. 7. The relationship between enterprises and their suppliers, as well as types of shared knowledge, will impact the construction of knowledge sharing and the installation of the controlling (auditing) mechanism of green supply management. 7-1. When enterprises and their suppliers have short-term, contractual relationship, they tend to establish only basic and explicit knowledge sharing mechanism. 7-2. When enterprises and their suppliers have long-term, cooperative relationship, they tend to use more resources and build a comprehensive knowledge sharing mechanism, but have a more restrict controlling (auditing) mechanism as well.

This research purpose is a theoretical foundation shared with social capital and knowledge share. How to utilize the social capital and knowledge share to leverage inside knowledge with the relation between the project teams to research IC design industry in Taiwan, apply it to new product development and technological uniqueness. This case will xplore how the social capitial, knowledge share and innovation performance of three research parameters interact among themselves. This research shows that three dimensions of social capital are in the different results of knowledge share, social capitial can produce the result of promoting with the innovation performance and knowledge share, also the social capital of the metaphor is that one kind regards other resources as long-term investment that invest the key element and can expect to produce the flow of benefit in the future just like other capital, is worth to pay attenation and reappraises the research in IC design industry. Based on the IC design industry and the project team as the research object, it is the parent to grind the 300 companies of ITIS institute on the Taiwan IC design industry, this research, in accordance with the classification of the products (logic design and memory design), in accordance with dividing one floor of random samplings, 18 logic design companies and 12 memory design companies, each one company grants 10 questionnaires, 30 companies grant 300 questionnaires altogether. The research examines for the executive of project team of IC design, adopt the network questionnaire to construct examining, 103 effective questionnaires are collected altogether, effective questionnaire is 34.3% of rate of recovery. The result of study of this research is as follows: 1. There are significantly positive correlations among social capital, knowledge share, and innovation performance. 2. Different control variables has partially significant positive effect on social capital, knowledge share, and innovation performance. 3. There are significantly positive effects among the structural dimension and cognitive dimension. 4. Each structural and congnitive dimensions has a significantly positive effect on relational dimension. 5. Each structural,relation, and congnitive dimensions has a significantly positive effect on knowledge share. 6. Knowledge share has a significantly positive effect on innovation performance. Key Words: project teams, social capital, knowledge share, innovation performance

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進入「知識經濟」時代，無論國家或企業對於研發的重要性無不越來越重視，而研發創新所產生的知識是否能發揮幾何級數的力量，則取決於知識是否能被有效的分享。學者們雖然對於知識分享的重要性都抱持著肯定的態度，也承認必須採取某些機制來促進組織成員的知識分享，但是對於知識分享機制相關的概念，到目前為止學界卻依然沒有發展出一致的看法，這引起了學生研究的興趣。 本論文的研究目的為探討知識分享機制的概念及其構成要素，藉由分析知識分享機制構成要素間的關係，建構一個整合性知識分享機制的架構。並透過此整合性知識分享機制的架構，對知識分享機制及其他相關變項與研發人員之間知識分享行為之關連性獲得更清楚的認知。 由於知識分享為一較新的研究領域，相關的研究與定義皆尚未成熟，概念間的關係也還沒有完全被了解，因此本研究定位在進行探索性的研究，故研究方法兼採較適合進行探索性研究的文獻分析及個案研究研究方法。 本研究文獻分析的內容，首先針對知識管理的相關文獻進行回顧，透過學者對知識內涵、類型以及知識管理的相關研究，以求獲得對於知識管理較為清楚的認識，並同時了解知識分享在知識管理中所扮演的角色。其次本研究同時對知識分享的相關文獻進行分析，以了解學者對於知識分享的不同看法，並進一步的討論知識分享機制的內涵。本研究亦針對研發人員特徵與研發專案類型相關的文獻進行討論，以了解以上因素與知識分享機制與研發人員知識分享行為的關聯性。 經過文獻分析建構理論上的知識分享機制架構後，本研究透過個案研究了解並補充此理論架構不足之處。在個案研究選擇的個案方面，由於工研院對我國產業發展的重要性及組織中研發人員的密集性，故本研究經考慮後選擇工研院光電所之研發團隊作為研究對象。 經過文獻分析與個案研究的過程並進行分析後，本研究有以下的發現： 一、知識的類型的不同會導致研發人員出現不同的知識分享行為。 二、知識分享機制可分為六個不同之構成要素，分別為建立知識市集、建立成員間的工作關係、促進知識的具體化、領導者知識分享角色的扮演、知識分享評估與獎勵制度的運作以及資訊科技環境的建構。以上的六個構成要素型塑了組織的知識市場，並改變了知識類型與知識分享行為間的關係。 本論文最末根據研究發現，對工研院之知識分享機制提出了實務上可行的建議並呈請工研院相關人士參考，希望透過這些建議，能對此一國家級研發機構之知識分享機制發揮些許正面的影響，進而使工研院研發人員的知識產生更高的價值及貢獻。

More than 35% of the U.S. workforce is composed of Baby Boomers who are eligible to retire within the next 5 years. Despite the potential loss of critical expertise, a gap in knowledge retention exists in small consulting businesses. The purpose of this case study was to explore effective strategies for retaining the tacit and explicit knowledge of retiring employees, to avoid operational knowledge drain. Exploration ensued through semistructured interviews at 2 small consulting businesses in the Washington, DC metropolitan area that are adept at innovatively retaining requisite knowledge. The conceptual frameworks of Bass' transformational leadership and Nonaka's knowledge creation led to the identification of strategies to retain tacit and explicit knowledge of retiring Baby Boomers. Seven small business leaders addressed questions on knowledge types, knowledge stimulation and sharing methods, and retention strategies to provide meaningful responses to the knowledge retention phenomenon. Data analysis included the Colaizzi and modified van Kaam methods of mining, categorizing, organizing, and describing participants' statements. Subsequently, the themes that emerged during the analysis identified reward, communication, and motivation as strategies for knowledge-share and transfer. Succession planning, mentoring, documentation, training, and knowledge sharing also emerged as effective methods for knowledge retention. The findings will contribute to social change by illuminating the roles effective leaders practice to influence and foster knowledge management, offering insight to other small businesses having difficulties remaining sustainable as the operational knowledge of Baby Boomers becomes unavailable as they retire.