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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
81

Projection markovienne de processus stochastiques

Bentata, Amel 28 May 2012 (has links) (PDF)
Cette thèse porte sur l'étude mathématique du problème de projection Markovienne d'un processus aléatoire: il s'agit de construire, étant donné un processus aléatoire ξ, un processus de Markov ayant à chaque instant la même distribution que ξ. Cette construction permet ensuite de déployer les outils analytiques disponibles pour l'étude des processus de Markov (équations aux dérivées partielles ou équations integro-différentielles) dans l'étude des lois marginales de ξ, même lorsque ξ n'est pas markovien. D'abord étudié dans un contexte probabiliste, notamment par Gyöngy (1986), ce problème a connu un regain d'intêret motivé par les applications en finance, sous l'impulsion des travaux de B. Dupire. La thèse entreprend une étude systématique des aspects probabilistes (construction d'un processus de Markov mimant les lois marginales de ξ) et analytiques (dérivation d'une équation de Kolmogorov forward) de ce problème, étendant les résultats existants au cas de semimartingales discontinues. Notre approche repose sur l'utilisation de la notion de problème de martingale pour un opérateur integro-différentiel. Nous donnons en particulier un résultat d'unicité pour une équation de Kolmogorov associée à un opérateur integro-différentiel non-dégénéré. Ces résultats ont des applications en finance: nous montrons notamment comment ils peuvent servir à réduire la dimension d'un problème à travers l'exemple de l'évaluation des options sur indice en finance.
82

Tests for homogeneity of survival distributions against non-location alternatives and analysis of the gastric cancer data

Bagdonavičius, Vilijandas B., Levuliene, Ruta, Nikulin, Mikhail S., Zdorova-Cheminade, Olga January 2004 (has links)
The two and k-sample tests of equality of the survival distributions against the alternatives including cross-effects of survival functions, proportional and monotone hazard ratios, are given for the right censored data. The asymptotic power against approaching alternatives is investigated. The tests are applied to the well known chemio and radio therapy data of the Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group. The P-values for both proposed tests are much smaller then in the case of other known tests. Differently from the test of Stablein and Koutrouvelis the new tests can be applied not only for singly but also to randomly censored data.
83

Adaptation of task-aware, communicative variance for motion control in social humanoid robotic applications

Gielniak, Michael Joseph 17 January 2012 (has links)
An algorithm for generating communicative, human-like motion for social humanoid robots was developed. Anticipation, exaggeration, and secondary motion were demonstrated as examples of communication. Spatiotemporal correspondence was presented as a metric for human-like motion, and the metric was used to both synthesize and evaluate motion. An algorithm for generating an infinite number of variants from a single exemplar was established to avoid repetitive motion. The algorithm was made task-aware by including the functionality of satisfying constraints. User studies were performed with the algorithm using human participants. Results showed that communicative, human-like motion can be harnessed to direct partner attention and communicate state information. Furthermore, communicative, human-like motion for social robots produced by the algorithm allows humans partners to feel more engaged in the interaction, recognize motion earlier, label intent sooner, and remember interaction details more accurately.
84

An Analysis of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Data to Predict Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Infection

Champion, Patrick D 20 November 2008 (has links)
The purpose of this analysis is to evaluate the usefulness of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in the detection of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (hsv1) infection at an early stage. The raw absorption values were standardized to eliminate inter-sampling error. Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney (WMW) statistic's Z score was calculated to select significant spectral regions. Partial least squares modeling was performed because of multicollinearity. Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic showed models for healthy tissues from different time groups were not from same distribution. The additional 24 hour dataset was evaluated using the following methods. Variables were selected by WMW Z score. Difference of Composites statistic, DC, was created as a disease indicator and evaluated using area under the ROC curve, specificities, and confidence intervals using bootstrap algorithm. The specificity of DC was high, however the confidence intervals were large. Future studies are required with larger sample sizes to test this statistic's usefulness.
85

The Impact of Midbrain Cauterize Size on Auditory and Visual Responses' Distribution

Zhang, Yan 20 April 2009 (has links)
This thesis presents several statistical analysis on a cooperative project with Dr. Pallas and Yuting Mao from Biology Department of Georgia State University. This research concludes the impact of cauterize size of animals’ midbrain on auditory and visual response in brains. Besides some already commonly used statistical analysis method, such as MANOVA and Frequency Test, a unique combination of Permutation Test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test and Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test is applied to our non-parametric data. Some simulation results show the Permutation Test we used has very good powers, and fits the need for this study. The result confirms part of the Biology Department’s hypothesis statistically and enhances more complete understanding of the experiments and the potential impact of helping patients with Acquired Brain Injury.
86

Nouvelles méthodes de traitement de signaux multidimensionnels par décomposition suivant le théorème de Superposition de Kolmogorov

Leni, Pierre-Emmanuel 23 November 2010 (has links) (PDF)
Le traitement de signaux multidimensionnels reste un problème délicat lorsqu'il s'agit d'utiliser des méthodes conçues pour traiter des signaux monodimensionnels. Il faut alors étendre les méthodes monodimensionnelles à plusieurs dimensions, ce qui n'est pas toujours possible, ou bien convertir les signaux multidimensionnels en signaux 1D. Dans ce cas, l'objectif est de conserver le maximum des propriétés du signal original. Dans ce contexte, le théorème de superposition de Kolmogorov fournit un cadre théorique prometteur pour la conversion de signaux multidimensionnels. En effet, en 1957, Kolmogorov a démontré que toute fonction multivariée pouvait s'écrire comme sommes et compositions de fonctions monovariées. Notre travail s'est focalisé sur la décomposition d'images suivant le schéma proposé par le théorème de superposition, afin d''etudier les applications possibles de cette d'ecomposition au traitement d'image. Pour cela, nous avons tout d'abord 'etudi'e la construction des fonctions monovari'ees. Ce probl'eme a fait l'objet de nombreuses 'etudes, et r'ecemment, deux algorithmes ont 'et'e propos'es. Sprecher a propos'e dans [Sprecher, 1996; Sprecher, 1997] un algorithme dans lequel il d'ecrit explicitement la m'ethode pour construire exactement les fonctions monovari'ees, tout en introduisant des notions fondamentales 'a la compr'ehension du th'eor'eme. Par ailleurs, Igelnik et Parikh ont propos'e dans [Igelnik and Parikh, 2003; Igelnik, 2009] un algorithme pour approximer les fonctions monovariéees par un réseau de splines. Nous avons appliqué ces deux algorithmes à la décomposition d'images. Nous nous sommes ensuite focalisés sur l'étude de l'algorithme d'Igelnik, qui est plus facilement modifiable et offre une repréesentation analytique des fonctions, pour proposer deux applications originales répondant à des problématiques classiques de traitement de l'image : pour la compression : nous avons étudié la qualité de l'image reconstruite par un réseau de splines généré avec seulement une partie des pixels de l'image originale. Pour améliorer cette reconstruction, nous avons proposé d'effectuer cette décomposition sur des images de détails issues d'une transformée en ondelettes. Nous avons ensuite combiné cette méthode à JPEG 2000, et nous montrons que nous améliorons ainsi le schéma de compression JPEG 2000, même à bas bitrates. Pour la transmission progressive : en modifiant la génération du réseau de splines, l'image peut être décomposée en une seule fonction monovariée. Cette fonction peut être transmise progressivement, ce qui permet de reconstruire l'image en augmentant progressivement sa résolution. De plus, nous montrons qu'une telle transmission est résistante à la perte d'information.
87

On a jump Markovian model for a gene regulatory network

De La Chevrotière, Michèle 01 May 2008 (has links)
We present a model of coupled transcriptional-translational ultradian oscillators (TTOs) as a possible mechanism for the circadian rhythm observed at the cellular level. It includes nonstationary Poisson interactions between the transcriptional proteins and their affined gene sites. The associated reaction-rate equations are nonlinear ordinary differential equations of stochastic switching type. We compute the deterministic limit of this system, or the limit as the number of gene-proteins interactions per unit of time becomes large. In this limit, the random variables of the model are simply replaced by their limiting expected value. We derive the Kolmogorov equations — a set of partial differential equations —, and we obtain the associated moment equations for a simple instance of the model. In the stationary case, the Kolmogorov equations are linear and the moment equations are a closed set of equations. In the nonstationary case, the Kolmogorov equations are nonlinear and the moment equations are an open-ended set of equations. In both cases, the deterministic limit of the moment equations is in agreement with the deterministic state equations.
88

On a jump Markovian model for a gene regulatory network

De La Chevrotière, Michèle 01 May 2008 (has links)
We present a model of coupled transcriptional-translational ultradian oscillators (TTOs) as a possible mechanism for the circadian rhythm observed at the cellular level. It includes nonstationary Poisson interactions between the transcriptional proteins and their affined gene sites. The associated reaction-rate equations are nonlinear ordinary differential equations of stochastic switching type. We compute the deterministic limit of this system, or the limit as the number of gene-proteins interactions per unit of time becomes large. In this limit, the random variables of the model are simply replaced by their limiting expected value. We derive the Kolmogorov equations — a set of partial differential equations —, and we obtain the associated moment equations for a simple instance of the model. In the stationary case, the Kolmogorov equations are linear and the moment equations are a closed set of equations. In the nonstationary case, the Kolmogorov equations are nonlinear and the moment equations are an open-ended set of equations. In both cases, the deterministic limit of the moment equations is in agreement with the deterministic state equations.
89

Aspects of Moment Testing when p>n

Wang, Zhizheng January 2018 (has links)
This thesis concerns the problem of statistical hypothesis testing for mean vector as well as testing for non-normality in a high-dimensional setting which is called the Kolmogorov condition. Since we consider mainly the first and the second moment in testing for mean vector and we utilize the third and the fourth moment in testing for non-normality, this thesis concerns a more general moment testing problem. The research question is related to a data matrix with $p$ rows, which is the number of parameters and $n$ columns which is the sample size, where $p$ can exceed $n$, assuming that the ratio $\frac{p}{n}$ converges when both the number of parameters and the sample size increase.  The first paper reviews the Dempster's non-exact test for mean vector, with a focus on one-sample case. We investigated its size and power properties compared to Hotelling's $\mathit{T}^2$ test as well as Srivastava's test using Monte Carlo simulation.  The second paper concerns the problem of testing for multivariate non-normality in high-dimensional data. We proposed three test statistics which are based on marginal skewness and kurtosis. Simulation studies are carried out for examining the size and power properties of the three test statistics. / Avhandlingen undersöker hypotesprövning i höga dimensioner, under förutsättning att det så kallad Kolmogorovvillkoret (Kolmogorov condition) är uppfyllt. Villkoret innerbär att antalet parametrar ökar tillsammans med storleken på stickprovet med en konstant hastighet. Till kategorin multivariat analys räknas de statistiska metoder som analyserar stickprov från flerdimensionella fördelningar, särskilt multivariat normalfördelning. För högdimensionella data fungerar klassiska skattningar av kovariansmatris inte tillfredställande eftersom komplexiteten med att skatta den inversa kovariansmatrisen ökar när dimensionen ökar. I den första uppsatsen utförs en genomgång av Dempsters (non-exact) test där skattning av den inversa kovariansmatrisen inte behövs. Istället används spåret (trace) av en kovariansmatris. I den andra uppsatsen testas antagandet om normalfördelning med hjälp av tredje och fjärde ordningens moment. Tre olika testvariabler har föreslagits där sumuleringar också presenteras för att jämföra hur väl en icke-normalfördelning identifieras av testet.
90

Universal Induction and Optimisation: No Free Lunch

Everitt, Tom January 2013 (has links)
No description available.

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