This diploma thesis deals with study of flavonoids in red wine. This dissertation is divided into two parts: theoretical and practical. Theoretical part is define phenolic compounds, pays attention to flavonoids as important polyphenols which influence quality of red wines. The particular subchapters pay attention to maceration, respectively cryomaceration. The aim of the experimental part of this diploma thesis was to compare wines from Pinot noir. The wines were produced by two ways of maceration: fermentative maceration and cryomaceration at 4, 5°C for 3, 7, 14 days. At the same time, the effect of post-fermentation maceration was monitored in these two ways too. For wines was investigated the content of phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, flavanols content of catechin, epicatechin and antioxidative activity. Fermentative maceration positively influenced the content of total phenolic substances and post-fermentation maceration increased the catechin and epicatechin concentration. For red wines, cryomaceration appears to be a desirable step in production.

This diploma thesis discusses the specifics of qvevri wine-making method, that represents very ancient footprint of wine technology. There are described and compared traditional wine-making methods with those which are used dominantly in wine-producing countries. The thesis deals with the chemical composition of wines vinified by different technologies. The knowlage gained from literary sources is compared eith the results of the experimental part.

The aim of this thesis is to describe the items of the gene pool of the species Rheum L. located in the experimental garden of the Faculty of Horticulture of Mendel University in Lednice, to propose the procedure of relocation of this gene pool and evaluate the results of this relocation and to record the wintering of plants and the overall condition of the gene pool as at 30 March 2016. Included in this thesis is the process of monitoring and evaluation of the items of this gene pool. Descriptors were evaluated upon the basis of the valid classification system for the Rheum L species. A total of 44 items were evaluated. These evaluations were combined with laboratory tests of vitamin C, oxalic acid, mononitrate and fibre contents in stems. Tests for refractive solids, solids and overall antioxidant capacity were carried out. Samples of roots of medicinal species of rhubarb were obtained but laboratory tests for the contents were not carried out due to technical difficulties.

The Czech republic belong to the north wine region in Europe. The begins of the viticulture started in the period of the Roman Empire, which is the proof of historici findings. The medical benefits of the wine is evidenced by the fact that the wine was a part of a pharmacopoeia in the 19th century. The wine started to be analyzed with the modern analytical methods and the chemical compounds in the wine started to be studied in detail. The phenolic are the natural part of the plants which act as antioxidants. Grapevine berries contain large amounts of phenolic compounds, which are divided into two basic groups. Non-flavonoid phenolics and flavonoid phenolics, which during the maceration getting into wine, where operates primarily on wine quality parameters and act as antioxidants for humans. In the experiment, the effects applied to the stopper component content of antioxidant in wine. The object of the experiment was a white wine (Pálava), pink and red wine (Frankovka). The wine was concluded various type of cap and stored for twelve months at two different temperatures.

The diploma thesis dealt with influence of oenological tannins on white wines. Total influence on sensory character and composition of wine.The teoretic part dealt with antioxidant substances in wine and with oenological tannis and their division and use.The pratical part deals with research of adding of seven types of commercial tannins to wine. The practical part summarizes results of sensory analysis include aromatic profil of wines. The charts with results are showing results of measurement of antiradical aktivity, reducing ability and amount of total phenols and catechins.

The aim of the dissertation was to investigate the effect of exogenous protease (EP) in feed mixtures (FM) for broiler chickens with reduced crude protein (CP) content by 4 and 8 % on growth parameters, carcass quality, apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids and protease activity in the jejunum of broiler chickens. At the same time, the effect of EP on the given parameters was investigated at the increased level of rape seed meal (RSM) in FM. The addition of EP to KS with a 4% reduction in CP did not have a statistically significant (P> 0,05) effect on growth, conversion and feed intake, quality of carcass, nor on the apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids and protease activity in jejunum of the broiler chicken. Higher content of RSM in FM with a 4% CP reduction negatively (P <0.05) affected the protease activity in the jejunum. The addition of EP into FM with an 8% CP reduction statistically (P <0.05) increased the average live weight of broilers on the 17th and 24th day of the age. At a higher age, EP has not influenced on the live weight of broilers and the overall feed conversion. Females chickens consumed FM with 8% CP reduction had a significantly lower (P <0.05) weight of breast muscle and carcass value. Adding protease to FM with an 8% CP reduction statistically significantly (P <0.001) decreased the digestibility of Pro and Tyr (P <0.05). The EP had no significant (P> 0.05) effect on protease activity in the jejunum of broilers with FM intake with an 8% CP reduction. Higher content of RSM in FM with an 8% CP reduction significantly decreased (P <0.05) apparent ileal digestibility of Pro and significanlty (P <0.05) increased protease activity in broilers jejunum.

The PhD thesis deals with the indoor environment of wooden constructions. The content of this PhD thesis is the determination of the influence of time, climatic conditions of the environment and the gradual installation of building materials on indoor air quality inside wood-based buildings. Measurements ranged from a rough construction to its completion, and last measurements were made after 6 months of using these buildings by their residents (occupants). Buildings differ in layout, load-bearing structure, manufacturer, site layout, ventilation type and heating. In selected constructions, their support parts from wood were measured under laboratory conditions.

The variety of Ocimum basilicum plays a primary role among culinary herbs in world trade. The main objective of this study was to determine yield and chemical composition of the essential oil, total phenolic and flavonoid content, total antioxidant capacity, L-ascorbic acid, crude fiber, nitrates, chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids content. This work should be verified what influence had the variety, the seasonal, and the external factors affecting to said substances. Experiment was established in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno. The basil varieties, namely 'Ohře', 'Lettuce Leaf', 'Purple Opaal', 'Dark Green', 'Mammolo Genovese', 'Manes', and 'Red Rubin' were grown as a pot culture during the years 2014-2016. The essential oil were isolated by distillation and analysed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The total phenolic content (TPC) was determinated spectrophotometrically according to Folin-Ciocalteau colorimetric method. Determinations of the total flavonoid content (TFC) were measured with the aluminium chloride colorimetric assay. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was evaluated by their ability to scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) stable radicals. The ascorbic acid content was determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The crude ?ber content was determined by the enzymatic gravimetric method. The nitrates content was determined by Ion Selective Electrode (ISE). Chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids were determinated spectrophototmetrically in the acetone extracts. The essential oil production was from 2.45 to 18.12 mg.kg-1 d. w., depending on variety and season. GC-MS analysis showed that the essential oil from 7 basil varieties consist of 41 components. Main constituents of the essential oil were methyleugenol (4.59-48.13 %), followed by methylchavicol (4.59-48.13 %), ß-linalool (0.43-33.25 %), eugenol (0.45-33.52 %), ?-bergamotene (0.07-13.40 %), eucalyptol (0.71-11.70 %), and ?-cadinene (0.24-8.90 %). The 'Purple Opaal', 'Dark Green', 'Mammolo Genovese', 'Mánes' and 'Red Rubin' varieties were identified as methyleugenol chemotypes while 'Ohře' varied according to the seasonal prevalence of linalool / methyleugenol. Variety 'Lettuce Leaf' was specific by the methylchavicol domination. The amount of TPC observed in methanol extracts were from 364.07 to 5606.43 mg GAE.100 g-1 d. w. TFC varied from 430.14-5979.69 mg CE.100 g-1 d. w. TAC were measured from 2.40 to 44.48 mM TE.100 g-1 d. w. L-ascorbic acid was ranged between 34.27-234.47 mg.kg-1 f. w. Content of crude fiber varied from 9.57 to 21.74 %. The mean levels of nitates were from 178.67-17918.21 mg.kg-1 f. w. The average contents of chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids were 3.01-5.15, 1.26-2.65, and 0.65-1.53 mg.g-1 f. w., respectively. The influence of the variety and the season on the evaluated substances was significantly confirmed. The external factors on growth (temperature, relative humidity and solar irradiance) had an impact on all evaluated parameters with the exception of the contents of essential oils and TAC. For further cultivation of basil in pots, the most suitable are varieties 'Mánes' (excellent source of essential oil), 'Lettuce Leaf' and 'Red Rubin' (for their antioxidant capacity, and high contents of crude fiber). On the contrary, prone to the accumulation of nitrates were purple leaves varieties 'Purple Opaal' and 'Red Rubin'.

The theme of this thesis is the study of the relationship between air pollution and human health in selected countries and regions NUTS II. In the part of literary research are defined theoretical bases that approach the issue of air pollution and the development of social attitudes to the questions about environmental issues. Results of scientific studies dealing with the impact of air pollution on health are presented. The next part is being examined the degree of concentration of selected substances (PM2,5; PM10; NO2) in the years 2000-2019 and illness with a consequence of death from respiratory infections, trachea, bronchial and lung cancer, cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases. A comparison of these results shows the association between the development of air pollution and the number of deaths only in cardiovascular diseases. At the same time, no correlation of the results compared between the development of air pollution by PM2.5 particles of selected NUTS II regions and the development of healthy life expectancy was identified.

This diploma thesis is focused on microorganisms, which form microbiota of milk, including pathogenic microorganisms and possible natural substances which inhibit undesirable microbiota. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part describes microbiology of raw milk and contaminating microbiota. Furthermore, the work deals with the microbiology of heat-treated milk, where the methods of heat treatment are described and milk bacterial cultures, which are used in the production of dairy products. The last part describes the pathogenic microbiota of milk causing foodborne diseases and possible measures to combat undesirable microorganisms. In the practical part, the inhibitory effect of substances of plant origin on selected microorganisms were tested. In the first part of the experiment, the inhibitory effect of essential oils against five different microorganisms were studied and the second part was focused on the inhibitory effect of ethanol plant extracts against two microorganisms.