Background: Healthy Spirituality helps to find identity, she led to inner harmony and also harmonizes the relationship to the world and external activity. Four dimensions act of faith - an autonomous source present grace, free response and social framework - will appear in therapeutic practice and may contribute to the development of a mature personality and eliminate substance abuse during adolescence and the next life. We can talk about that in difference from other religious direction Christianity has the personality of addictological terms of psychotherapeutic influence. The main aim of my thesis is an overview of the situation of substance use among adolescents from Christian oriented schools of Prague aged 13 to 16 years. Another objective is to compare the results with the results from the ESPAD study in 2011. Method of making data: For these purposes, we used a short questionnaire ESPAD (2007), Prague spirituality questionnaire (PSQ 30) and a standard questionnaire on religious attitudes M. Duda and Smely I. (2013). Participants: The research sample consisted of 96 students from Christian schools aged 13 to 16 years. Data analysis methods: The data were processed at the level of descriptive and mathematical and analytical statistics (chi-square) and the results reported in the tables and...

Active compounds have been always originated from plants. Plants though, were able to produce only very low amounts of them and that was the reason for trying many alternative ways of production, one of them being plant tissue culture cultivation. This method is any fragment of living tissue or organ taken from an intact plant or an already existing explant culture, with the intention of growing an artificial growth medium. Even this method though, is not able to produce large amounts compared to extraction from field plants. Elicitation is considered a possible way to increase the production of secondary metabolites. This method used the plant's own defense system, in order to increase the production of secondary metabolites in vitro. The compound which is used to produce the effect is called elicitor. During our experimental work I used as an elicitor the compound Ethephon (2-Chloroethylphosphonic acid) upon callus and suspension cultures of Hypericum perforatum, with intention to observe its effect on flavonoid production. This experiment was based on three different concentrations and six different withdrawal times, being 6, 12, 24, 72, 168 hours. The maximum effect of elicitor was reached with concentration c1 (1mg/100ml) after 12 hours and with concentration c3 (100mg/100ml) after 72 hours.

Screening of possibilities of deep subsurface microflora to decompose selected organic compounds Abstract The aim of the study is to test the deep microflora bacterial strains for their ability to grow in oily environment, aliphatic hydrocarbons and toluene were taken as examples of aromatic hydrocarbons and where the cultivation of selected strain, were produced for testing its growth and microbial activity of selected strains in conditions simulating soil conditions; assess the usability these strains in practical remediation of contamination by oil. This thesis deals with the evaluation of possible use of selected strains of deep microflora for oil decomposition. It is evident, that some groups of microorganisms living in the Tertiary claystones at depths of 30-450 m below the surface are the biodegradable fossil organic matter type of kerogen. Chemical findings indicate that, this organic matter consists of various lengths of aliphatic chains, and thus the assumption that microorganisms decomposing kerogen might be able to disassemble oil and petroleum products. The findings of our experiment indicate that benzene and toluene, as well as kerogen are highly resistant to organic compounds and evidence of microbial degradation are rare. Utilization of oil as representative aliphatic compounds is better...

Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Author: Lenka Nechanická Supervisor: RNDr. Jitka Vytlačilová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Antiprotozoal activity of natural substances The discovery of new active substances and plants with a potential antiprotozoal effect nowadays is the aim of many studies and is required for obtaining more active drugs in a number of protozoal disease. In this study was investigated antiprotozoal activity of extracts obtained from various plant parts Salvia officinalis, Apium graveolens L. var. rapaceum, Evodia rutaecarpa, Coptis chinensis, Zanthoxylum nitidum and Ziziphus jujuba. Effect of the tested extracts was evaluated in a typical unicellular organism Tetrahymena thermophila using MTT method. From the values obtained the percent inhibition was detected Tetrahymena thermophila and for each extract value calculated median inhibitory concentrations IC50. Of the extracts tested had the greatest antiprotozoal activity of the extract of C. chinensis, further extracts activity decreases in the order C. chinensis > Z. nitidum > Z. jujuba > S. officinalis > E. rutaecarpa > A. graveolens L. var. rapaceum Key words: antiprotozoal activity, Tetrahymena thermophila, cytotoxicity, natural substances

Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Andrea Homerová Supervisor: RNDr. Eva Novotná, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Interaction of natural substances with human aldo-keto reductase 7A2 and other important carbonyl reducing enzymes Reduction of carbonyl group is one of the phase I metabolism reactions, which is responsible for production of more polar metabolites, enables conjugation in process of biotransformation, excretion of the molecule and it also causes decrease in reactivity and biological activity of the molecule. Endogenous as well as exogenous compounds undergo this reaction and carbonyl reducing enzymes are the ones which possess this reducing activity. Based on the structure, we can divide the enzymes into several groups: short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases, medium-chain dehydrogenases/reductases, aldo-keto reductases and quinone reductases. Inhibition of carbonyl reducing enzymes appears to be a promising aim of research. It is important to take into consideration that by inhibiting carbonyl reducing enzymes it is possible to reduce production of less active, but more toxic metabolites, for example in anthracycline chemoteraputics daunorubicin and doxorubicin and that can lead to change in therapy of cancer. This study...

Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Consultant: PharmDr. Pavel Ondrejček, Ph.D Student: Lenka Rumlerová Title of Thesis: The effect of rice extract on the compressibility and mechanical properties of microcrystalline cellulose tablets. This thesis deals with influence of rice extract, as a new kind of glidant on compressibility of microcrystalline celulose as a model filler. Furthermore it evaluates the impact of rice extract on tablet properties. Effects of rice extract were compared with two standard glidants - magnesium stearate and colloidal silicon dioxide. As first the influence of diferent glidants concetrations on flow properties of mixtures were assesed. Tablets were compresed using three different compression forces. A force- displacement record was used to evaluate the compressibility of microcrystalline cellulose and its mixtures with glidants. Subsequently, the properties of tablets were evaluated. The radial strenght, abrasion, and tablet disintegration time were measured. The results revealed that the rice extract has the least effect on mixtures flow poperties. However, all mixtures showed a statistically significant improvement in flowability. When using a 1 % rice extract, the flow properties of the...

Criminological aspects of drug criminality Drug criminality is a big problem of current time and it concerns all of us regardless of sex, age or social status. The topic of drug criminality is very wide though. This diploma thesis focuses in more detail on the current and very dangerous phenomenon of drugs in transport. The main target of the thesis is to provide a comprehensive summary about the psychoactive drugs which are used by the drivers most frequently, to analyse in detail their properties and effects and to describe, which influence the particular types of psychoactive drugs have on the physical and mental state of driver and which changes in his behaviour these drugs cause. The thesis is divided into introduction, four main chapters and conclusion. The first chapter is focused on the explanation of some basic terms which are used in the thesis. The second chapter summarizes the historical development in using of psychoactive drugs in the world and in the area of our country. The Czech state experienced in the past a few fundamental turns, after that the situation in the society changed. With regard to these periods the passage about the history of using of psychoactive drugs in the area of our country is divided into three parts. In the third chapter are analysed in detail the particular...

Hradecká M.: Natural compounds applicable for the treatment of metabolic syndrome, Diploma thesis 2018/2019, Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, pp. 60. Occurence of metabolic syndrome is increasing worldwide in children and adults. The use of natural compounds is one of possibilities in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome. These compounds may act complexly or affect individual risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome. Selected plants with these effects are incorporated into my diploma thesis (for example Allium sativum, Crataegus laevigata, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Persea americana, Rosmarinus officinalis, Silybum marianum and Vaccinium myrtillus). The alga Undaria pinnatifida and fungus Pleurotus sajor-caju are also mentioned. It is necessary to carry out other clinical studies, where the positive effect of mentioned constituents will be confirmed, which could be added to the list of phytopharmaceuticals used to prevent, slow down or treat the metabolic syndrome in the future. Keywords: natural compounds, metabolic syndrome

The theme of this thesis is The use of bioactive compounds in order to prolong durability of dairy products. In the theoretical part, the importance, presence and influence of bioactive compounds are discussed. Also described are the individual dairy products, the use of fermentation in order to prolong durability of products and the use of lactic acid bacteria during process of production of fermented dairy products. Subsequently, the discussion focuses on the influence of bioactive compounds in dairy products on personal health. The aim of the practical part is to examine the influence of adding herbal essential oils and infusions into the sweet whey. The investigation concentrated on whether there was any influence on the chemical properties of whey and its durability.

The literary part of the diploma thesis is trying to assess the possibilities of cultivation, contained substances and possibility of Portulaca oleracea L.. The practical part of the diploma thesis is dedicated to the establishment of the experiment, which was established from seed supplied by different suppliers. The experiment consisted of two variants (seed and seedling), which between them have been compared in terms of nutritional value and yield in three dates of collection. On the basis of a statistical evaluation for demonstrating differences has been found to influence the content of the nutritional value, while option seedling achieves better the results. The term collection had an impact on the content of vitamin C, fibre, potassium, nitrate and yield. The possibility of using Portulaca oleracea L. have been confirmed during the tasting, which was interested in finding this kind of vegetable.