During the year of 2015 and the large migration wave that hit Europe, many unaccompanied young refugees came to Sweden. For this particular group, the challenge is to become integrated to the labour market in order to receive a permanent residency permit in Sweden after they graduate their upper secondary education. Over the past few years, it has become more evident that the state is not able to handle the integration process alone, and that it is time to shed light on contemporary initiatives deriving from other actors, such as civil society organisations. The question is whether these initiatives have been successful in bringing about change, and in what ways. The purpose of this thesis was therefore to analyse the civil society organisation Right To Play that uses sports as a tool for labour market integration, through the theory of Institutional Entrepreneurship by identifying its rationales, resources, and relations that are used to prompt institutional change. Through three semi-structured interviews and one observation, together with secondary data, a narrative analysis of their stories was conducted. The results showed that the organisation manage to mix a set of strong rationales of sports, labour market integration, and youth agency, to transform the youth from being passive receivers of integration to become active agents and important human resources within the organisation, and to connect the youth with other actors in the society through external relations. The study also concluded that the elements of rationales, resources, and relations, that are used to investigate the power of an organisation to prompt institutional change, also helps the organisation to become resilient in times of crises.

Arbetsmarknadsintegration är ett samhällsproblem som påverkar både individen själv och även samhället. Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka upplevelser på den svenska arbetsmarknaden för högutbildade nyanlända som kom till Sverige år 2015. Studien har utgått från att belysa utmaningar och förutsättningar som högutbildade nyanlända har upplevt på väg in till arbetsmarknaden. Studien grundar sig i en kvalitativ metod där det empiriska materialet har samlats in via semistrukturerade intervjuer med tio respondenter. Respondenterna är högutbildade nyanlända som kom till Sverige 2015 och är etablerade på arbetsmarknaden. Empirin har analyserats i en tematisk analys med hjälp av humankapitalteori och sociala nätverksteori. Studiens resultat visar att upplevelser är individuella och därför finns likheter och skillnader mellan dem. De utmaningar som uttrycks av respondenterna är brist på sociala nätverk, värdelösa insatser av arbetsförmedlingen, etnisk diskriminering och nedvärdering av utländska utbildningar och erfarenheter. Förutsättningarna som underlättade högutbildade nyanländas arbetsmarknadsintegration uttrycks vara tillgång till sociala nätverk, arbetsmarknadsinsatser, språkkunskaper och erhållande av en ny svensk utbildning. Det framkommer i resultatdelen att språkkunskaper och diskriminering inte upplevs på samma sätt i alla sektorer av arbetsmarknaden, utan kan ses som sektorspecifika.

Diploma thesis "Supported employment as a option of solution of handicapped people participation at the labour market " attend to supported employment. It is the service, which provide assistance for handicapped people in participation at the open labour market among people without disability. Such employment, in contrast to sheltered employment, offer a possibility to do a meaningful work, space for self-fulfillment, salary and prevent handicapped people from social exclusion. Supported employment provides benefits for disabled people, for their families and also for employers. In the Czech republic is supported employment quite a new service, which is related to some problems. For example financing and absence of skilled workers at agencies for supported employment. Solving problems of the Czech concept of supported employment can be found in systems of supported employment in some developed European country, where is supported employment quite wide-spread, such as Norway. Future trend is oriented to extension of this service and then it will be more available for all of expectants. The main goal is also in increase of meaning about supported employment in society and establishes supported employment as a part of Czech legislation.

This paper investigates occupational mismatch of highly educated refugees in Sweden and aims to study what factors are impacting their labour market integration process. In contrast to the extensive number of quantitative reports based on registered data in the field, this research applies a qualitative approach by conducting interviews with the target group and incorporating a temporal aspect of the process. The results confirm existing theories such as human capital deficit, lack of social capital and signalling issues, but also indicates that contextual factors, being family demands and financial pressure, affect the process. An openness towards a change of field and lack of guidance from authorities emerged as factors for mismatch too. Lastly, feelings of stress and frustration seems to influence the process to a big extent which leads us to the conclusion that the labour market integration process of educated refugees is highly influenced by the aspect of time - and more specifically the lack of it.

Denna uppsats beskriver och analyserar vägen till arbetsmarknadsetablering för den syriska invandrargruppen som sökte asyl i Sverige i samband med den stora flyktingvågen året 2015. Detta har skett genom att intervjua tolv syrier som sökte asyl i Sverige år 2015 på basis av humanitära skäl och som blev etablerade på arbetsmarknaden genom att ha fått en tillsvidareanställning eller genom att ha stadigvarande inkomst genom andra anställningsformer. Fokus ligger på hur informanterna beskriver utmaningarna för att etablera sig på den svenska arbetsmarknaden som nyanlända och vilka faktorer de upplever ha varit avgörande för deras etablering på arbetsmarknaden. Dessutom studeras upplevelser av vilka utmaningar och framgångsfaktorer som funnits för deras arbetsmarknadsetablering.  Data har analyserats genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys med hjälp av olika teoretiska förklaringsmodeller som integration och assimilation, byråkratiska organisationsformer och human- och socialt kapital teori. Fynden har visat att utmaningarna för syriers arbetsmarknadsetablering ligger både på individ- och samhällsnivå i form av språk, integrationssvårigheter, byråkratiska trösklar, ineffektiv etableringspolitik och svårighet med bostadsanskaffning. Fynden har även visat att hjälpande faktorer för invandrargruppens arbetsmarknadsetablering består av nyanländas effektivitet, humankapital, etableringspolitikens effektiva sida, Arbetsförmedlingens roll och betydelsen av socialt kapital.

Immigrants are more likely to be unemployed, have temporary jobs and low income, which makes labour market integration an important political challenge. Access to paid work is central for the economic situation and social position in society, but knowledge of factors and policies that improve labour market integration for newly arrived immigrants still remains limited. Prior research point out that integration is a process involving both micro and macro dimension, where individuals gradually approach employment. However, no measure of distance to the labour market exist which can give insight on individuals far away from the labour market. With data from the Public Employment Service, this thesis will develop an index as a way to scale the distance between unemployed and employed. It will look into the dynamics of labour market integration by investigating the hub of active policies aiming at directly affecting the economic situation of immigrant; the introduction programme. A year after finishing the introduction program, there are significant differences in the distance to the labour market and probability of employment between the index groups. The results indicate three main findings; the number of activities, the time until you start an activity and what activities are included in the introduction plan matter for labour market integration. Comparing groups within the index reveals that women, lower educated and individuals arriving as quota refugees are further away from the labour market. In conclusion the index is a useful tool to assess labour market distance and provides a measure with predictive power, even after controlling for individual characteristics.