Η παρούσα μελέτη αναφέρεται στη βιολογία και την ηθολογία του είδους Sparus aurata στη διάρκεια της διαβίωσής του στο σύμπλεγμα των λιμνοθαλασσών Μεσολογγίου Αιτωλικού. περιλαμβάνει τέσσερις ενότητες 1. βιοτικοί και αβιοτικοί παράγοντες του συμπλέγματος, και οι χωρικές και χρονικές διαφοροποιήσεις του 2.στοιχεία της βιολογίας και της ηθολογίας του είδους στις διαφορετικές λιμνοθάλασσες του συμπλέγματος 3.πρότυπα εκμετάλευσης Λ/Θ και η επίδρασή τους στα αποτελέσματα της αλιείας 4.μια πρώτη αξιολόγηση της επίδρασης που έχει η ανάπτυξη της εντατικής καλλιέργειας στην ευρύτερη περιοχή πάνω στους φυσικούς πληθυσμούς του είδους στο λιμνοθαλάσσιο σύμπλεγμα. / The study concerns the biology and behaviour of Sparus aurata during its presence in the lagoons of the Messolonghi-Etoloko (Western Greece). The following four components are included: 1. spatial variability and temporal fluctuations of the abiotic parameters in the area of the lagoons 2.elements of the biology and behaviour of the species in the different lagoons of the area 3.exploitation pattern of the biology of the lagoons and their contribution to the recorded landings 4.a first approach to estimate the influence of the intensive fish farming in the area on the wild populations of the species in the lagoons

A literature review of municipal solid waste landfill design was conducted to provide the knowledge base for development of an environmental decision support system (Landfill Advisor). Landfill Advisor integrates the current knowledge of barrier systems into a software program to assist in landfill design. The choices available for each liner component (e.g., drainage layer, geomembrane liner, compacted clay liner, geosynthetic clay liner) and their suitability for different situations (e.g., final cover, base liner, lagoon liner) are presented. Landfill Advisor covers both the design and related operational issues for municipal solid waste landfills, with consideration given to the interactions between components, operating conditions, and the natural environment with a view to maximization of long-term system performance. Unique to Landfill Advisor, the service life of each engineered component is estimated based on results from the latest research. Original research is also presented on the risk of geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) desiccation in low stress applications such as solar ponds. Numerical modelling was undertaken using a thermo-hydro-mechanical model with parameters that were developed and verified by comparison to previously reported laboratory data. A parametric study was performed to establish recommendations for future investigation. The water retention curve of the GCL was found to have a significant effect on the conditions that are expected to cause desiccation. The temperature coefficient of the water retention curve was also found to have a significant effect, yet this parameter is not well defined. Poisson’s ratio was found to affect the risk of desiccation in proportion to the applied stress. As reported by previous researchers, the initial degree of saturation of a GCL was found to be important to desiccation; however, the effect is diminished at low applied stress. / Thesis (Master, Civil Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2012-09-28 18:52:20.106

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / A presente dissertação apresenta uma abordagem geográfica, aplicando a metodologia Matriz P.E.I.R., na região da Baixada de Jacarepaguá. O litoral brasileiro, do período colonial até os dias atuais, tem sofrido uma progressiva ocupação antrópica que, paulatinamente, degrada e descaracteriza os ambientes costeiros naturais, em detrimento as novas formas do meio ambiente urbano. A Baixada de Jacarepaguá é um uma planície litorânea situada na zona oeste do município do Rio de Janeiro entre os Maciços da Tijuca e da Pedra Branca e o Oceano Atlântico, possuindo em seu interior um amplo conjunto lagunar e uma expressiva rede hidrográfica. A partir da década de 1960, a expansão do tecido urbano carioca, vem pressionando e cobrindo a natureza original deste ambiente, fazendo com que sofra sensíveis impactos ambientais através da urbanização. O estado ambiental da região está se alterando, por exemplo: o solo está sendo apropriado através de medidas que estão tornando esta área mais salubre à urbanização como: aterros, macrodrenagem, retilinização e abertura de canais, entre outras. Este estudo busca aplicar uma metodologia de análise ambiental recente denominada P.E.I.R. para avaliar o nível de alteração espacial desse ambiente costeiro, expondo a problemática ambiental de forma integrada e, evidenciando as alterações nas estruturas naturais e a modificação das funções ambientais e suas conseqüências. As lagoas, os rios e suas margens são lugares sensíveis à degradação ambiental, porém, o destino final de, praticamente, todos os sedimentos e poluição é o oceano. As amenidades naturais hoje já quase não existem mais. O pouco que está sendo preservado restringi-se aos parques naturais e aos bosques / jardins dos condomínios particulares com sua vegetação exótica. Além disto, aponta-se que as respostas dadas pela sociedade e pelo Governo não estão sendo satisfatórias, uma vez que, existe também, a omissão do Poder Público para com este ambiente natural, pois, leis não faltam, mas, carece-se de uma fiscalização adequada para o cumprimento dessas. Tendo em vista, também, a ausência de uma rede de saneamento básico para toda a Baixada de Jacarepaguá e medidas que impeçam os aumentos nos níveis da poluição ambiental das lagunas desta região. / This dissertation presents a geographical approach, applying the methodology Matrix PEIR, in Baixada Jacarepaguá. The Brazilian coast, the colonial period to the present day, has suffered a progressive human occupation that gradually degrades and distorting the natural coastal environments, rather than new forms of urban environment. The marshland is an Jacarepaguá a coastal plain located in the western city of Rio de Janeiro between the massifs of Tijuca and Pedra Branca and the Atlantic Ocean, and has within it a wide range lagoon and a significant river system. From the decade 1960, the expansion of urban Rio de Janeiro, has been pushing and covering the unique nature of this environment, causing suffering through sensitive environmental impacts of urbanization. The environmental status of the region is changing, for example, the soil is being appropriated by measures that are making this the most wholesome urbanization as landfills, macrodrainage, river rectilinear and opening of channels, among others. This study seeks to apply a methodology for analyzing environmental recently called PEIR to assess the level of spatial change of the coastal environment, exposing environmental problems in an integrated way, and showing the changes in natural structures and functions of environmental change and its consequences. The lakes, rivers and their margins are places sensitive to environmental degradation, however, the final destination of virtually all sediment and pollution is the ocean. The natural amenities today have almost no longer exist. What little is being preserved to restrict the parks natural and forests / gardens of private condominiums with its exotic vegetation. Moreover, it is noted that the answers given by society and the government are not satisfactory, since there is also the failure of the Government towards this natural environment, because laws are not lacking, but needs to be undertaken adequate supervision to meet these. Given also the lack of basic sanitation for the entire marshland Jacarepaguá and measures to prevent increases in the levels of environmental pollution of the lagoons of this region.

Submitted by cmquadros@ucs.br (cmquadros@ucs.br) on 2018-03-22T17:27:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Documento confidencia Elias.pdf: 815556 bytes, checksum: 36814b2a7bfc419a360108beccbea95f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-22T17:27:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Documento confidencia Elias.pdf: 815556 bytes, checksum: 36814b2a7bfc419a360108beccbea95f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-22

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / A presente dissertação apresenta uma abordagem geográfica, aplicando a metodologia Matriz P.E.I.R., na região da Baixada de Jacarepaguá. O litoral brasileiro, do período colonial até os dias atuais, tem sofrido uma progressiva ocupação antrópica que, paulatinamente, degrada e descaracteriza os ambientes costeiros naturais, em detrimento as novas formas do meio ambiente urbano. A Baixada de Jacarepaguá é um uma planície litorânea situada na zona oeste do município do Rio de Janeiro entre os Maciços da Tijuca e da Pedra Branca e o Oceano Atlântico, possuindo em seu interior um amplo conjunto lagunar e uma expressiva rede hidrográfica. A partir da década de 1960, a expansão do tecido urbano carioca, vem pressionando e cobrindo a natureza original deste ambiente, fazendo com que sofra sensíveis impactos ambientais através da urbanização. O estado ambiental da região está se alterando, por exemplo: o solo está sendo apropriado através de medidas que estão tornando esta área mais salubre à urbanização como: aterros, macrodrenagem, retilinização e abertura de canais, entre outras. Este estudo busca aplicar uma metodologia de análise ambiental recente denominada P.E.I.R. para avaliar o nível de alteração espacial desse ambiente costeiro, expondo a problemática ambiental de forma integrada e, evidenciando as alterações nas estruturas naturais e a modificação das funções ambientais e suas conseqüências. As lagoas, os rios e suas margens são lugares sensíveis à degradação ambiental, porém, o destino final de, praticamente, todos os sedimentos e poluição é o oceano. As amenidades naturais hoje já quase não existem mais. O pouco que está sendo preservado restringi-se aos parques naturais e aos bosques / jardins dos condomínios particulares com sua vegetação exótica. Além disto, aponta-se que as respostas dadas pela sociedade e pelo Governo não estão sendo satisfatórias, uma vez que, existe também, a omissão do Poder Público para com este ambiente natural, pois, leis não faltam, mas, carece-se de uma fiscalização adequada para o cumprimento dessas. Tendo em vista, também, a ausência de uma rede de saneamento básico para toda a Baixada de Jacarepaguá e medidas que impeçam os aumentos nos níveis da poluição ambiental das lagunas desta região. / This dissertation presents a geographical approach, applying the methodology Matrix PEIR, in Baixada Jacarepaguá. The Brazilian coast, the colonial period to the present day, has suffered a progressive human occupation that gradually degrades and distorting the natural coastal environments, rather than new forms of urban environment. The marshland is an Jacarepaguá a coastal plain located in the western city of Rio de Janeiro between the massifs of Tijuca and Pedra Branca and the Atlantic Ocean, and has within it a wide range lagoon and a significant river system. From the decade 1960, the expansion of urban Rio de Janeiro, has been pushing and covering the unique nature of this environment, causing suffering through sensitive environmental impacts of urbanization. The environmental status of the region is changing, for example, the soil is being appropriated by measures that are making this the most wholesome urbanization as landfills, macrodrainage, river rectilinear and opening of channels, among others. This study seeks to apply a methodology for analyzing environmental recently called PEIR to assess the level of spatial change of the coastal environment, exposing environmental problems in an integrated way, and showing the changes in natural structures and functions of environmental change and its consequences. The lakes, rivers and their margins are places sensitive to environmental degradation, however, the final destination of virtually all sediment and pollution is the ocean. The natural amenities today have almost no longer exist. What little is being preserved to restrict the parks natural and forests / gardens of private condominiums with its exotic vegetation. Moreover, it is noted that the answers given by society and the government are not satisfactory, since there is also the failure of the Government towards this natural environment, because laws are not lacking, but needs to be undertaken adequate supervision to meet these. Given also the lack of basic sanitation for the entire marshland Jacarepaguá and measures to prevent increases in the levels of environmental pollution of the lagoons of this region.

O modo de vida da humanidade demanda novas alternativas às fontes energéticas fósseis, precisa garantir a produção de alimentos e energia para uma população que já ultrapassa 7 bilhões, além de ter de gerir seus Resíduos Sólidos (RS) e efluentes (esgoto), em que grande parte dos primeiros, são enterrados em aterros sanitários e/ou lixões, gerando problemas sanitários e ambientais e desperdício de nutrientes para a agricultura. Parte dessa tripla solução energética/alimentar/sanitária pode vir dos recursos contidos nos Resíduos Biodegradáveis (RB), ou como dito na Lei Brasileira Nº 12.305 - "Resíduos Orgânicos" (RO), que podem ser biometanizados para gerar gás combustível, metano, CH4 e/ou gás hidrogênio, H2 e posterior uso do sólido e líquido resultante na forma de substrato para a agricultura, ou processos fotossintéticos aquáticos mediados por microalgas e macrófitas. Paralelamente ao tratamento anaeróbio, se os RO forem tratados aerobicamente, via compostagem e/ou vermicompostagem, não se gera nenhum gás combustível que possa ser usado em outro momento e local, apenas calor. Diante desse quadro, se propõe uma alternativa para o tratamento de resíduos biodegradáveis e efluentes domésticos em zonas rurais e periurbanas, por meio da proposta de uma pequena central de tratamento de resíduos orgânicos composta por uma lagoa facultativa com geração e coleta de biogás, associada com um sistema de hidrolisação de resíduos sólidos orgânicos e de tratamento de biogás, havendo a separação do CO2 em fase aquosa para alimentação de carbono e alcalinidade ao sistema de bacia de fotossíntese de microalgas e macrófitas do gênero lemna. Foram realizados balanços de água, nutrientes, eletricidade e monetário para aferir a consistência teórica para futura aplicação dos projetos e suprir as três demandas/soluções citadas. Foi possível aferir que o custo do metro cúbico de gás metano gerado ficou em torno de 0,5- 4 R$.m-3 de gás metano. Foi possível propor um projeto para se caminhar no sentido de poder dar base a trabalhos futuros, que desenvolvam métodos inovadores de gestão de resíduos para serem aplicados no Brasil, com o fim de descentralizadamente adequar os municípios ao PNRS, ao mesmo tempo em que se cria na nação o conceito de biorrefinaria, integrando-a ao saneamento básico e ambiente, em prol da soberania individual energética/alimentar/hidrológica dos brasileiros. / People's way of living demands alternatives to fossil energy, needs to produce food for a population that has already reached more than seven billion and has to deal with waste generation, namely solid wastes and sewage, while most of the first are buried in landfills or even dumped, generating sanitary and environmental problems while wasting nutrients for agriculture. Part of that triple energy/food/sanitation solution can come from biodegradable wastes, or like the way is said on Brazilian Law Nº12.305 - &#34Organic Wastes", that can be converted into biogas, methane or hydrogen gas, and subsequent use of solid and liquid digestate for agriculture, or aquatic photosynthetic processes mediated by microalgae and macrophytes. Paralel to anaerobic treatment, if organic wastes are aerobically treated, by compoting and/or wormcomposting, not any renewable gas will be generated for later use, it just generates heat. By this cenario, this master thesis propose and evaluate, technological alternatives for biodegradable waste and wastewaters in cities vicinities and/or rural areas nearby urban areas by proposing a small biodegradable waste treatment plant composed of a facultative lagoon with biogas generation on its bottom, associated with a system of solid waste hydrolysis built inside a shed which realizes biogas treatment as well, with carbon dioxide gas liquid separation for carbon and alkalinity feeding the multispecies photosynthesis bowl, half consisted of dispersed microalgae and the other half composed of macrophyte of lemna genera. Water, nutrients, electricity and money balances were done in order assess the theoretical consistency for future development of those projects and quench the three cited demands/solutions. It was possible to affirm that the cost of a cubic meter of methane gás is around 0,5 – 4 R$.m-3. Projects were proposed, that can develop innovative methods for biodegradable waste management to be done in Brazil, with the ultimate goal of adequating towns to the National Solid Waste Policy (Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos – PNRS in portuguese) in a decentralized manner, meanwhile it helps to create alog the nation the biorefinery concept, integrating itself into waterworks, sanitation and the environment, feeding individuals energy, food and hydrological sovereignity of brazilians.

No description available.

Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2014-10-22T19:58:08Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Getúlio Henrique de Oliveira- 2013.pdf: 2643219 bytes, checksum: 04fc7d8dc87b43e20032d6e2cb521968 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2014-10-22T20:28:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Getúlio Henrique de Oliveira- 2013.pdf: 2643219 bytes, checksum: 04fc7d8dc87b43e20032d6e2cb521968 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-22T20:28:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Getúlio Henrique de Oliveira- 2013.pdf: 2643219 bytes, checksum: 04fc7d8dc87b43e20032d6e2cb521968 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-19 / The study aimed to assess the impact caused by the waste discharge from cesspools and septic tanks into an anaerobic pond, followed by aerated facultative. Anápolis wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) has two modules of anaerobic ponds followed by aerated facultative, but only one received the waste. By going through a basket retainer of course solids, they were driven directly to the receiver module ponds. The research was divided into three steps: first of all, the system receiving the waste in both modules was evaluated with the rate application volume (RAV) of 0.33%, then, the receiving pond received all of the waste volume disposed in WWTP (RAV = 1.2%), finally the receiving pond was operated with the maximum organic loading and RAV = 0,83%. Samples from different septic tank cleaning trucks were collected and analyzed. Sludge deposited bathymetry was conducted in the anaerobic pond before and after isolation of the modules. The surface scum bulk in the anaerobic pond was removed and quantified. Initially, simple samples were collected from the influent and effluent of anaerobic and facultative aerated ponds weekly, and then, when the receiver module received double flow, samples were collected twice a week. Parameters analyzed were: BOD, COD, Escherichia coli, pH, oil and grease, total phosphorus, amonniacal nitrogen, suspended solids and settleable solids. Data from qualitative characterization of waste cesspools and septic tanks were submitted to descriptive statistics, while referring to the ponds effluents were analyzed by t-test statistical tool. The results indicated the characteristics of the waste are in the range found by other authors, both in national and international literature. A negative impact was evidenced on the receiving anaerobic pond effluent only for the parameters ammonia and settleable solids with the RAV of 1.2%, however, with the rate of 0.82%, the difference was significant for the parameters BOD and BOD in anaerobic ponds. There was an increase in sludge generation of approximately 16% in the receiving anaerobic pond and only 2.3% in the control. As for the scum, the average removal was approximately 450 L in the receiving anaerobic pond and only 100 L in the control. The results showed no effect of the co-treatment on the quality of treated sewage or in the operation and maintenance of the WWTP. Furthermore, systems formed by an anaerobic pond followed by facultative aerated, operating under the same conditions that Anápolis WWTP can be used for co-treatment of waste from cesspools and septic tanks / O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os impactos da codisposição de resíduos de fossas e tanques sépticos em sistemas de lagoas anaeróbias seguidas de facultativas aeradas. A ETE estudada é composta por dois módulos idênticos de lagoas anaeróbias seguidas de facultativas aeradas, porém apenas um deles recebeu os resíduos. Ao passar por um cesto retentor de sólidos grosseiros, os mesmos foram conduzidos diretamente ao módulo receptor de lagoas. A pesquisa foi dividida em três etapas; primeiramente foi avaliado o sistema recebendo os resíduos em ambos os módulos de lagoas, com taxa de aplicação volumétrica (TAV) de 0,33%, posteriormente, a lagoa receptora recebeu todo o volume de resíduos descartado na ETE (TAV = 1,2%), por fim, a lagoa receptora foi operada com a capacidade máxima de carga orgânica e TAV de 0,83%. Amostras provenientes de diferentes caminhões limpa-fossa foram coletadas e analisadas. Realizou-se a batimetria do lodo depositado nas lagoas anaeróbias antes e depois do isolamento dos módulos. A escuma formada na superfície das lagoas anaeróbias foi removida e quantificada. Inicialmente, coletou-se amostras simples do afluente e efluente das lagoas anaeróbias e facultativas aeradas em uma frequência semanal, posteriormente, quando o módulo receptor passou a receber o dobro de vazão, as coletas foram realizadas duas vezes na semana. Foram avaliados os parâmetros de DBO, DQO, Escherichia coli, pH, óleos e graxas, fósforo total, nitrogênio amoniacal, sólidos suspensos, sólidos sedimentáveis. Os dados de caracterização qualitativa dos resíduos de fossas e tanques sépticos foram submetidos à estatística descritiva, enquanto os referentes ao efluente das lagoas foram analisados pela ferramenta estatística teste t. Os resultados indicaram que as características dos resíduos estão na faixa encontrada por outros autores, tanto na literatura nacional, quanto internacional. Foi evidenciado impacto negativo no efluente da lagoa anaeróbia receptora somente para os parâmetros nitrogênio amoniacal e sólidos sedimentáveis com a TAR de 1,2%, entretanto, com a taxa de 0,82%, observou-se diferença significativa para os parâmetros DBO e DBO nas lagoas anaeróbias. Notou-se aumento na geração de lodo de aproximadamente 16% na lagoa anaeróbia receptora e de apenas 2,3% na testemunha. Quanto a escuma, a remoção média foi de aproximadamente 450 L na lagoa anaeróbia receptora e de apenas 100 L na testemunha. Os resultados mostraram que a codisposição não interferiu na qualidade do esgoto tratado nem na operação e manutenção da ETE. Além do mais, sistemas formados por lagoa anaeróbia, seguida de facultativa aerada, operando nas mesmas condições que a ETE - Anápolis, podem ser utilizadas para a codisposição de resíduos provenientes de fossa e tanques sépticos.

This essay analyses Thomas Pynchon’s novel The Crying of Lot 49 (1966) in relation to postmodern literary theory, specifically the concepts of hyperreality and imaginary stations. In Simulacra and Simulation (1981), Jean Baudrillard proposes that the Disneyland theme park in California is an imaginary station that conceals the fact that it is the world outside of Disneyland that is hyperreal. These ideas were developed further in relation to California by Umberto Eco in Travels from Hyperreality (1986). Baudrillard’s model is applied in this essay to the housing development of Fangoso Lagoons in The Crying of Lot 49. By analysing the mediums through which it is portrayed, how it is described and the events that occur there, Fangoso Lagoons is found to be similar to Baudrillard’s example of Disneyland because it is presented as an amazing, fantastic and bizarre spectacle. However, the true hyperreality lies outside of the development, in the novel’s semi-fictional California. This essay argues that Fangoso Lagoons is presented as hyperreal, similar to Baudrillard’s example of Disneyland or Umberto Eco’s example of Hearst Castle, but that it is in fact an imaginary station. As Baudrillard and Eco propose, the purpose of the imaginary station is to make the world outside appear as real through contrast. The imaginary station achieves this by feeding reality energy to its hyperreal surroundings.

The purpose of this investigation is to examine how landscape architecture can create a different kind of threshold between land and water without controlling the edge between the two entities, but merely guiding the natural process of exchange. The design of Oyster Harbor on the Eastern Shore of Virginia is in contrast to normative development of waterfront sites. The hard edge of common practices of waterfront development stands in tension to the more natural evolving edge of many harbors.When creating a dialogue between land and water, the solution has always been to create a sea wall separating the two entities. It becomes the hard dividing line between a solid surface and liquid life. Is there a way to create a threshold that does not divide? How can landscape architecture create an exchange of qualities with land and water? Does the sea wall become the precedent to all concerns of tide and sea usurping lands edge? The edge between land and water is ever changing, so why not celebrate and personify that edge through creating a natural exchange between water and land. In order to create such an exchange, we must first look at the nature of water and land. Water is a free element that is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. It is inclined to motion, reflection, rise and fall. It holds a unique quality independent of man-induced control. Land is a more solid entity created by layers of stone and elements broken down by water. Land capacity is gauged by water, as in the water table. Throughout history, man has maintained a controlling relationship with land. However this is the opposite with water. Man has an inherent fear of water, the representative of both life and death. Though man tries, he cannot control water, he must work within the bounds set by water. How does one understand the evolutionary relationship of land and water without trying to control the elements that allow the relationship to occur? Through research, it is revealed that land actually usurps water through both a push and pull method of tides and water run off from land. Through time and tide, land builds up and infringes upon the natural edge of land and water. The plains move down, the vegetative roll moves forward, the beach ridges reconfigure, and the tidal flats create a shelf that extends out into the ocean floor.This evolution of land continually cycles on moon and sun paths that dictate the change in light, shade, wind, tides, motion, and human cycles. Whether recognizable or not recognizable, these macro and micro environmental cycles become a dance in the realm of landscape architecture. How does one reveal macro and micro environmental aspects through design with human interaction at the edge between land and water? / Master of Landscape Architecture