This thesis is devoted to the activities of organized interest with primary school children, ages 6-11 years, in the country. The theoretical part deals, with the basic concepts of leisure, free time features, lifestyle and interests, hobbies and factors influencing children's leisure time. The practical part deals with specific and leisure activities in the country and in selected locations. Getting parents' satisfaction with leisure activities, describes a range of leisure activities at particular locations, this shows what activities children attend and also indicates the context of education of the parents.

This thesis presents the relation between the manifestations of crime and the use of leisure time among youth, which were searched in the research, the delinquent behavior of minors and adolescents, who are committed to the delinquency Prachatice, in the years 2009-2012, assuming that young offenders are commit crimes, as the most serious degree of risk behavior, almost always in my spare time. In this work the author tries to find out what connection can be found between youth criminal manifestations and use of leisure time of youth.

This thesis is aimed at the criteria influencing the choice of leisure activities for Plzeň Prison convicted. Is there a correlation between the selection of the type of leisure activities and the type of crime for which the accused was convicted? If so what and why? The theoretical part describes the historical development of the Czech Prison and history of Plzeň Prison and development of leisure activities. It also describes the possible psychosocial factors influencing the selection of these activities. The second practical part of this thesis contains a survey of prisoners Pilsen and its results. The survey was compiled on the basis of the theoretical part of this thesis and related information from the bachelor thesis. The themes of interviews were: social life - facilities, leisure time spent with family and friends, aspects affecting their free time and leisure activities in Plzeň Prison in certain sections. The main objective of the survey was to find out if there is the relationship (correlation) between the selection of leisure activities and crime for which they are placed in prison. In total were interviewed twenty Sentenced Prisoners in Plzeň Prison.) The results of this research are as follows. There wasn't find any correlation between the selection of leisure activity and type of crime. This means according this research we cannot say that convicted person for property crimes prefers educational/soft activities and sentenced for violent crimes sport. But in the details, we can find some specific patterns in selection of leisure activities

This thesis provides an overview of spending leisure time by a pupil of a lower secondary school at the level of organized activities. In the theoretical part the important terms, such as leisure time, leisure time education, leisure time teacher, are defined. In this part, a pupil of a lower secondary school and a gifted pupil are characterized, the sense of leisure time activities at the level of organized activities is mentioned and finally the educational facilities for leisure education and leisure facilities used by pupils are listed. The empirical part provides a list of various leisure time institutions which the city of Příbram offers and it also presents an elaborated research survey, which is subsequently evaluated using statistical functions into tables and graphs. Among other things, as a part of my teaching specialization, in addition to other leisure activities, I incorporated in this work a part aimed at natural and technical leisure activities that are helpful in educating gifted pupils as a future generation and who are a real shortage in this area.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-17T15:02:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2386893 bytes, checksum: 4c72a23f6df7169b022497abba9ffccf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The rapid increase in life expectancy all over the world, including Brazil, has generated concerns and challenges to be faced in economics, socials and public politics aspects to achieve the goal of healthy aging, quality of life where the elderly have their rights fully respected and guaranteed. Within this perspective, the objective of this study was to analyze the health of an aging population, describing their socioeconomic aspects, identifying the main diseases that affect, assessing their nutritional status and checking the knowledge of older people of their rights guaranteed by law, through the Elderly Statute. The cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted with 296 elderly people aged from 60 years in two Health Units Family of João Pessoa. As research tools were used: 1) Application of a structured interview with questions including: Identification, Habits and Lifestyles, State Health-Disease, Knowledge of the Elderly Statute, 2) Application of the Questionnaire used by the National Food and Nutrition (PNAN) and 3) Collection of anthropometric data of elderly respondents. The associations were performed using the Pearson correlation coefficient and Fisher's exact test, using significance level of p <0,05. Most of the elderly respondents in the two units (65,2%) were females. The mean age was 70,8 ± 7,7 years old and frequency of elderly retirees was 62,8%, being 26% of this population illiterate. The average per capita income calculated on a monthly salary stood at 454,76 ± 419,51 reais. The frequency of elderly with caregivers was 17,9%. This fact shows that most of these seniors enrolled in the study performed daily activities independently. Regarding the nutritional status, the frequency found of eutrophic was 40,9% and 23,3% of obesity. The mean BMI was 26,91 ± 4,9 at. It was observed a frequency of 56,1% to very high risk for cardiovascular disease, related the cutoff point obtained from the Waist-Hip Ratio. Regarding the diseases most frequently identified in this population, there was obtained a frequency of 82,1% of hypertension, diabetes mellitus followed with a frequency of 29,1%. Most of the elderly (68,6%) only sought health services when needed. Despite the respondents recognize their rights considering positive responses in most of the questions asked on the basis of the Elderly Statute, only 39,9% of them knew that these rights were guaranteed by law and were included in the Statute. The associations between the positive fact of the elderly have some type of leisure activity, with issues relating to their rights, resulted in statistically significant greater than those performed with the variables sex, color, age, monthly income, which highlights the importance of social integration as a factor in promoting citizenship in the elderly. Therefore, this study confirmed the importance of increasing investments in the deployment of public health politics that not only act directly on disease prevention and health promotion, but that increases the degree of knowledge of this age group about their rights as how to improve their quality of life. / O aumento acelerado da expectativa de vida em todo o mundo, inclusive no Brasil, tem gerado preocupações e desafios a serem enfrentados em todas as esferas sociais, políticas e econômicas para se atingir a meta de um envelhecimento saudável, com qualidade de vida onde os idosos tenham seus direitos amplamente assegurados e respeitados. Dentro desta perspectiva, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as condições de saúde de uma população idosa, descrevendo seus aspectos socioeconômicos, averiguando a ocorrência as principais doenças que a acometem, avaliando seu estado nutricional e verificando o conhecimento destes idosos sobre os seus direitos garantidos por Lei, através do Estatuto do Idoso. O estudo do tipo transversal e descritivo foi realizado com 296 idosos com idades a partir dos 60 anos, em duas Unidades de Saúde da Família de João Pessoa-PB. Foram utilizados como instrumentos de pesquisa: 1) Aplicação de entrevista estruturada com questões na maioria fechadas incluindo: Identificação, Hábitos e Estilo de Vida, Estado Saúde-Doença, Conhecimento do Estatuto do Idoso, 2) Aplicação de Questionário utilizado pela Política Nacional de Alimentação e Nutrição (PNAN) e 3) Coleta de dados antropométricos dos idosos entrevistados. As associações foram realizadas através do Coeficiente de Correlação de Pearson e Teste Exato de Fisher, utilizando como nível de significância estatística p < 0,05. A maior parte dos idosos entrevistados nas duas Unidades (65,2%) foi do sexo feminino. A média de idade ficou em 70,8 ± 7,7 anos e a frequência de idosos aposentados foi de 62,8%, sendo que 26% dessa população eram de analfabetos. A média de renda per capita calculada em um salário mensal ficou em 454,76 ± 419,51 reais. A frequência de idosos entrevistados que tinham cuidador foi de 17,9%, observando-se, assim, que a maioria dos idosos incluídos na pesquisa exerciam as atividades do cotidiano de forma independente. Com relação ao estado nutricional houve uma frequência de 40,9 % de eutrofia e 23,3% de obesidade. A média do IMC ficou em 26,91±4,9. Observou-se uma frequência de 56,1% de risco muito elevado para doenças cardiovasculares, no ponto de corte obtido pela Relação Cintura-Quadril. Com relação às doenças mais frequentemente identificadas nesta população, obteve-se uma frequência de 82,1% de hipertensão arterial, seguindo-se diabetes mellitus com frequência de 29,1%. A maioria dos idosos, ou seja, 68,6% só procuravam os serviços de saúde quando precisavam. Apesar dos entrevistados reconhecerem seus direitos com respostas positivas na maioria das perguntas realizadas com base no Estatuto do Idoso, apenas 39,9% dos mesmos sabiam que esses direitos eram garantidos por Lei e estavam inclusos no referido Estatuto. As associações entre o fato positivo dos idosos terem algum tipo de atividade de lazer, com questões relacionadas aos seus direitos, resultaram em significância estatística bem maior que as realizadas com as variáveis sexo, cor, idade e renda mensal, o que ressalta a importância da integração social como fator de promoção da cidadania no idoso. Portanto, este trabalho confirmou a relevância de investimentos cada vez maiores na implantação de políticas públicas de saúde que não só atuem diretamente na prevenção das doenças e na promoção da saúde, mas que ampliem o grau de conhecimento desta faixa etária da população sobre seus direitos como forma de melhorar sua qualidade de vida.

The work deals with recreational activities of children in facilities for children in the institutional education. The theoretical part describes leisure, function and mission of special education. It also describes the principles and methods suitable for training and education in leisure time, explains term institutional care and identifies differences in educational work among children's home and children's home with school.The aim is to analyze offers of interest activities and leisure time activities for children aged 11 to 17 years in institutional care facilities and subsequent comparison of leisure-time activities of children between two selected devices.

INTRODUÇÃO: A discriminação e a violência de gênero são problemas reconhecidos nas últimas décadas e alvo de políticas públicas, porém seguem presentes de forma muito relevante na nossa sociedade. Como uma das formas de efetivar as políticas públicas voltadas à equidade de gênero, a Secretaria de Políticas para as Mulheres de São Paulo (SMPM) criou os Centros de Cidadania da Mulher (CCM). Nestes espaços são desenvolvidas atividades como a dança do ventre, além de outras práticas corporais, cursos de formação e oficinas de geração de renda. O uso de recursos artísticos e culturais para promover o empoderamento e a redução da vulnerabilidade de gênero é recente e pouco estudado. OBJETIVO: Analisar como vem sendo utilizada a atividade de dança do ventre como recurso para o empoderamento das mulheres, a partir das representações dos profissionais e das usuárias do Centro da Cidadania da Mulher Santo Amaro (CCM-SA) em São Paulo. METODOLOGIA: Investigação qualitativa de caráter etnográfico com triangulação de técnicas. Observação de um grupo de 48 participantes entre iniciantes e avançadas na prática de dança do ventre durante 8 meses. Acompanhamento das apresentações em diferentes lugares públicos de São Paulo, com registro fotográfico, de vídeo e de caderno de campo. Foram realizadas 16 entrevistas semi estruturadas (11 com as dançarinas e 5 com as profissionais do serviço). Foi executada análise de conteúdo do tipo temática acerca das representações sociais das participantes sobre corpo, dança, promoção da saúde e relações de gênero. RESULTADOS: Identificamos dois elementos fundamentais relacionados ao corpo, no processo de transformação na vida das mulheres participantes deste estudo: a ressignificação e a aceitação do corpo. A interação com outras mulheres na prática de dança do ventre foi importante neste processo, na medida em que elas se reconhecem diferentes entre si e distantes do modelo ideal de corpo propagado pela mídia, sem que isto impeça o domínio dos seus limites individuais. Ao mesmo tempo, as atividades de arte e cultura fomentam a criação de vínculos sociais, ampliando a rede social das participantes. A possibilidade de fruição do lazer e a saída do espaço doméstico, limitado ao cuidado da casa e da família, são representadas como transgressores, propiciando uma maior igualdade dos direitos e autonomia para as mulheres. Da perspectiva da promoção da saúde, as mulheres e profissionais compreendem que a dança do ventre gerou benefícios físicos e mentais para as participantes, diminuindo alguns sintomas que as mulheres relataram, melhorando sua qualidade de vida e permitindo estabelecer uma abordagem integral do cuidado. Foi possível observar o incremento da participação das mulheres no espaço público, com a entrada no mercado de trabalho e a volta ao ensino formal estimulado pelas atividades do CCM-SA. Todos estes elementos também propiciaram uma maior organização no grupo para manter as atividades de dança do ventre, inclusive propondo trabalho em cooperativa para financiá-las. CONCLUSÕES: A incorporação das práticas corporais, neste caso da dança do ventre, em um serviço público para o exercício da cidadania e o desenvolvimento das mulheres, é um recurso para a promoção da saúde e o empoderamento coletivo das praticantes, tornando-as visíveis em espaços públicos e deste modo, atuando na via da redução da vulnerabilidade de gênero. É fundamental incluir nas políticas públicas para a efetiva equidade de gênero, não apenas atividades de geração de renda e trabalho, mas também ações de arte e cultura que estimulem a participação ativa, a reflexão e a convivência em igualdade de direitos entre homens e mulheres em sociedade / INTRODUCTION: Discrimination and gender violence are issues that have been recognized and became an aim in public policies in the last decades; however, these issues are still presents in our society. The Secretary of policies for women of São Paulo (Secretaria de Políticas para as Mulheres de São Paulo) (SMPM) based on different public policies that are focused on gender equality, created the Centers of woman\'s citizenship (CCM). In these centers, there are belly dance classes among other bodyworks activities, including educational courses related to financial situation improvement. The application of artistic and cultural sources to promote empowerment has been recently and shortly studied. OBJECTIVE: To analyze how belly dance has been used as a source for health promotion and women\'s empowerment, through the professionals and women\'s representations, which are involved in the Center of woman\'s citizenship Santo Amaro (Centro da Cidadania da Mulher Santo Amaro) (CCM-SA) in São Paulo. METHODOLOGY: Qualitative research of ethnographic character with triangulation techniques. The observation was based on a group of 48 women that practice belly dance from amateur and advance levels. The study included photographic, video and sketchbook register, during performances in different places de São Paulo. In addition, 16 semi-structured interviews were conducted (11 to belly dancers and 5 to professionals of CCM-SA). Finally, a content analysis through thematic type was performed, based on the participant\'s social representations, about body, dancing, health promotion and gender relationships. RESULTS: Two main elements related with body were identified, in the transformation process of the women\'s life that participated in this research: a reframing and body acceptance. The interaction with other women in belly dance practice was important in this process, in which they recognize themselves in a different way, and opposite from the ideal pattern promoted by the media without this prevents the field of their individual limits. At the same time, artistic and cultural activities promote the creation of social bonds, increasing the social network of participants. The possibility to fully enjoy the leisure time and to change the domestic routine (home and family caring), are transgressor factors that provide more gender rights equality and autonomy for women. From promotion health, women and professionals realized that belly dance practice produced physical and mental benefits to the participants decreasing some symptoms that were described by women. In addition, this practice collaborates improving their quality of life and allowing an integral care approach. It was observed the increase of women\'s participation in public space, with the entry into the labour market and educational possibilities, which were stimulated by CCM-SA activities. For instance, all these elements provided more organization to the women\'s CCM-SA in order to keep belly dance activity; also they proposed a kind of cooperative to economical support the activity. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of bodyworks like belly dance, in public centers such as the CCM-SA to citizenship practice and development of women, promote health and women\'s collective empowerment, make them visible to join public spaces, and thus working in the decreasing of gender vulnerability. To promote effective gender equality is fundamental to include into public policies, art and cultural activities to encourage the active women participation and reflection, and not only activities to enlargement their work and formative possibilities

Les discours scientifiques et politiques sur la jeunesse s’attachent généralement aux problématiques de déviance, comportements à risque, délinquance et décrochage scolaire et oublient le plus souvent l’aspect heuristique de la variable genre. L’analyse de la répartition des filles et des garçons dans les espaces, équipements et temps de loisirs de trois communes périphériques de l’agglomération bordelaise montre l’hégémonie des garçons sur les loisirs organisés et le décrochage massif des filles à l’entrée au collège. Tout se passe comme si les garçons investissaient les espaces publics lorsqu’ils ne trouvent plus de réponses dans des pratiques encadrées, alors que les filles disparaissent de ces espaces et se replient vers la sphère privée. S’inscrivant dans une approche de géographie sociale, la thèse développe la pertinence d’une approche féministe comme paradigme scientifique dans la compréhension d’une territorialité différenciée femmes/hommes dans l’espace public. A travers une enquête de terrain comparative de la fréquentation des espaces et équipements des loisirs des jeunes, la recherche interroge les politiques publiques sur les notions de mixité et d’égalité réelle entre les filles et les garçons dans notre société. L’étude met en avant quatre constats forts : l’inégalité, l’offre de loisirs subventionnée s’adresse en moyenne à deux fois plus de garçons que de filles. La non mixité et le renforcement des inégalités, les activités non mixtes masculines sont beaucoup plus importantes que les activités non mixtes féminines. L’invisibilité et le décrochage des filles : Les filles décrochent à partir de l’entrée en sixième, elles disparaissent des équipements et espaces publics destinés aux loisirs des jeunes. La performativité du genre : La constitution d’espaces de loisir spécifiquement masculin et la valorisation des « cultures masculines » représentent l’essentiel de la pratique jeunesse autonome et en accès libre. / Science-based and political discourses on youth usually focus on issues such as risk behaviour, deliquency, and dropping out of school, and most of the time omit the heuristic dimension of gender. The analysis of the distribution of girls and boys across spaces, equipments and leisure activities in three suburban areas of Bordeaux show how the use of organised leisure is dominated by boys and while girls stay away from these from the start of lower secondary school. It is all as if boys invest public spaces when organised practices do not fit their needs anymore, while girls disappear from these spaces and withdraw into the private sphere. Drawing on the approach of social geography, this thesis demonstrates the relevance of a feminist approach as a science-based paradigm which is useful to understand how public spaces become gender-differentiated. A comparison of how boys and girls use public spaces and leisure equipments results in a questionning of the notions of gender ‘mixity’ and equality in the context of public policies in contemporary society. Four main findings have been identified : (1) – inequalities : state-sponsored leisure targets twice as many boys as girls. (2) – ‘non-mixity’ and the reinforcement of inequalities : boys-only activities are seen as more important than girls-only ones. (3) - The invisibility of girls. They stop using these structures from the start of lower secondary school, they disappear from the public spaces targeting young people. (4) - Gender performativity : The constitution of spaces of specifically male leisure and the valuation of the " male cultures " represent the main part of the practice autonomous youth and in free access.

Abstract Regular physical activity, a high level of cardiorespiratory fitness and the maintenance of normal weight are strongly associated with several positive health outcomes across the lifespan. The aim of this study was to evaluate how physical activity and social status in adolescence are associated with physical activity in adulthood, and how a change in the level of physical activity from adolescence to adulthood is associated with overall and abdominal obesity in adulthood. This study also evaluated the relationship between occupational physical activity and physical fitness and produced reference values of cardiorespiratory fitness for males and females aged 31 years. The study population consisted of the Northern Finland birth cohort of 1966 (N = 12,058). Data on physical activity and social situation at 14 and 31 years were collected by postal inquiries in 1980 and in 1997–1998, respectively. Cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular fitness and obesity were measured at medical examination at age 31. Participation in sports twice a week or more after school hours, being a member in a sports club and a high grade in school sports at age 14 were associated with a high level of physical activity at age 31. Adolescent participation in rather intensive endurance sports, and some sports that require or encourage diversified sports skills appeared to be the most beneficial with respect to the enhancement of adult physical activity. Low social class and poor school achievements were associated with physical inactivity at age 14. Poor school achievements at age 14 were also associated with physical inactivity at age 31. Becoming inactive during the transition from adolescence to adulthood was associated with overall obesity in both genders and abdominal obesity in females at 31 years. A linear dose-response relationship was observed between the frequency of participation in brisk exercise and cardiorespiratory fitness. The mean peak oxygen uptake was 43 ml·kg-1·min-1 in males and 34 ml·kg-1·min-1 in females. Very low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness were associated with a combination of infrequent participation in brisk exercise and increased body mass index. High level of occupational physical activity was associated with a high level of physical fitness, but low level of leisure-time physical activity at age 31. The enhancement of regular participation in physical activity across the lifespan is an important challenge for public health promotion. The present results that define the predictors and correlates of physical activity can be used to identify the target groups for interventions to enhance continuous participation in physical activities. New information on physical fitness of young adults is useful in physical activity counseling when fitness test results are interpreted and the need for health-enhancing or fitness-improving physical activity is evaluated. / Tiivistelmä Säännöllinen liikunta, hyvä fyysinen kunto ja normaali paino ovat yhteydessä hyvään terveyteen. Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää, miten liikunta-aktiivisuus ja sosiaaliset tekijät nuoruusiässä ovat yhteydessä liikunta-aktiivisuuteen aikuisena, sekä miten liikunta-aktiivisuuden muutos nuoruudesta aikuisikään on yhteydessä lihavuuteen ja keskivartalolihavuuteen aikuisena. Lisäksi selvitettiin raskaan ruumiillisen työn yhteyttä fyysiseen kuntoon nuorilla työntekijöillä ja luotiin aerobisen kunnon väestöpohjaiset viitearvot 31-vuotiaille. Tutkimusaineiston muodosti Pohjois-Suomen syntymäkohortti 1966 (N = 12058). Liikunta-aktiivisuus selvitettiin postikyselyin 14- ja 31-vuotiaana vuosina 1980 ja 1997–1998. Aerobinen kunto, lihaskunto, lihavuus ja keskivartalolihavuus mitattiin 31-vuotiaana terveystarkastuksessa. Urheilun harrastaminen kaksi kertaa viikossa tai useammin kouluajan ulkopuolella, kuuluminen urheiluseuraan ja hyvä liikuntanumero 14-vuotiaana olivat yhteydessä aktiiviseen liikkumiseen 31-vuotiaana. Intensiivisten kestävyyslajien sekä tiettyjen monipuolisia taitoja vaativien tai kehittävien lajien harrastaminen nuorena oli voimakkaimmin yhteydessä aktiiviseen liikkumiseen aikuisena. Heikko sosioekonominen asema ja heikko koulumenestys olivat yhteydessä liikkumattomuuteen 14-vuotiaana. Heikko koulumenestys 14-vuotiaana ennusti liikkumattomuutta myös 31-vuotiaana. Muutos liikunnallisesti aktiivisesta inaktiiviseksi 14 ja 31 ikävuoden välillä oli sekä miehillä että naisilla yhteydessä lihavuuteen ja naisilla keskivartalolihavuuteen 31-vuotiaana. Maksimaalinen hapenottokyky oli kohortin 31-vuotiailla miehillä keskimäärin 43 ml·kg-1·min-1 ja naisilla 34 ml·kg-1·min-1. Ripeän liikunnan harrastaminen oli positiivisesti ja lineaarisesti yhteydessä maksimaaliseen hapenottokykyyn. Erittäin matala maksimaalinen hapenottokyky havaittiin niillä 31-vuotiailla, jotka harrastivat harvoin ripeää liikuntaa ja olivat ylipainoisia tai lihavia. Raskas ruumiillinen työ oli yhteydessä hyvään fyysiseen kuntoon mutta vähäiseen vapaa-ajan liikuntaan 31-vuotiailla työntekijöillä. Liikunta-aktiivisuuden tukeminen elämänkulun eri vaiheissa on tärkeä haaste terveyden edistämisessä. Tämän tutkimuksen tuloksia liikkumattomuuteen liittyvistä nuoruusiän ja aikuisiän tekijöistä voidaan hyödyntää, kun määritellään kohderyhmiä interventioihin elinikäisen liikunnan edistämiseksi. Tuloksia nuorten aikuisten fyysiseen kuntoon liittyvistä tekijöistä voidaan hyödyntää käytännön liikuntaneuvonnassa, kun tulkitaan kuntotestien tuloksia ja määritellään tarvetta terveyttä edistävän ja fyysistä kuntoa kohottavan liikunnan lisäämiseksi.

How adolescents spend their time is a crucial predictor of their engagement in delinquency. Activities with peers away from direct supervision of adults are of concern as more opportunities and motivation to use marijuana exist in such situations. However, adolescents may vary in their propensity to use marijuana when faced the opportunity. Especially adolescents living with a single parent may have a higher propensity compared to those from two-parent households to use marijuana due to reduced parental monitoring and increased peer attachment. This thesis investigates the moderating effects of family structure on the routine leisure activities and adolescent marijuana use relationship, using data from Monitoring the Future Study 2007, 12th Grade Survey. The results provide partial support for the moderating effects.