INTRODUÇÃO: A discriminação e a violência de gênero são problemas reconhecidos nas últimas décadas e alvo de políticas públicas, porém seguem presentes de forma muito relevante na nossa sociedade. Como uma das formas de efetivar as políticas públicas voltadas à equidade de gênero, a Secretaria de Políticas para as Mulheres de São Paulo (SMPM) criou os Centros de Cidadania da Mulher (CCM). Nestes espaços são desenvolvidas atividades como a dança do ventre, além de outras práticas corporais, cursos de formação e oficinas de geração de renda. O uso de recursos artísticos e culturais para promover o empoderamento e a redução da vulnerabilidade de gênero é recente e pouco estudado. OBJETIVO: Analisar como vem sendo utilizada a atividade de dança do ventre como recurso para o empoderamento das mulheres, a partir das representações dos profissionais e das usuárias do Centro da Cidadania da Mulher Santo Amaro (CCM-SA) em São Paulo. METODOLOGIA: Investigação qualitativa de caráter etnográfico com triangulação de técnicas. Observação de um grupo de 48 participantes entre iniciantes e avançadas na prática de dança do ventre durante 8 meses. Acompanhamento das apresentações em diferentes lugares públicos de São Paulo, com registro fotográfico, de vídeo e de caderno de campo. Foram realizadas 16 entrevistas semi estruturadas (11 com as dançarinas e 5 com as profissionais do serviço). Foi executada análise de conteúdo do tipo temática acerca das representações sociais das participantes sobre corpo, dança, promoção da saúde e relações de gênero. RESULTADOS: Identificamos dois elementos fundamentais relacionados ao corpo, no processo de transformação na vida das mulheres participantes deste estudo: a ressignificação e a aceitação do corpo. A interação com outras mulheres na prática de dança do ventre foi importante neste processo, na medida em que elas se reconhecem diferentes entre si e distantes do modelo ideal de corpo propagado pela mídia, sem que isto impeça o domínio dos seus limites individuais. Ao mesmo tempo, as atividades de arte e cultura fomentam a criação de vínculos sociais, ampliando a rede social das participantes. A possibilidade de fruição do lazer e a saída do espaço doméstico, limitado ao cuidado da casa e da família, são representadas como transgressores, propiciando uma maior igualdade dos direitos e autonomia para as mulheres. Da perspectiva da promoção da saúde, as mulheres e profissionais compreendem que a dança do ventre gerou benefícios físicos e mentais para as participantes, diminuindo alguns sintomas que as mulheres relataram, melhorando sua qualidade de vida e permitindo estabelecer uma abordagem integral do cuidado. Foi possível observar o incremento da participação das mulheres no espaço público, com a entrada no mercado de trabalho e a volta ao ensino formal estimulado pelas atividades do CCM-SA. Todos estes elementos também propiciaram uma maior organização no grupo para manter as atividades de dança do ventre, inclusive propondo trabalho em cooperativa para financiá-las. CONCLUSÕES: A incorporação das práticas corporais, neste caso da dança do ventre, em um serviço público para o exercício da cidadania e o desenvolvimento das mulheres, é um recurso para a promoção da saúde e o empoderamento coletivo das praticantes, tornando-as visíveis em espaços públicos e deste modo, atuando na via da redução da vulnerabilidade de gênero. É fundamental incluir nas políticas públicas para a efetiva equidade de gênero, não apenas atividades de geração de renda e trabalho, mas também ações de arte e cultura que estimulem a participação ativa, a reflexão e a convivência em igualdade de direitos entre homens e mulheres em sociedade / INTRODUCTION: Discrimination and gender violence are issues that have been recognized and became an aim in public policies in the last decades; however, these issues are still presents in our society. The Secretary of policies for women of São Paulo (Secretaria de Políticas para as Mulheres de São Paulo) (SMPM) based on different public policies that are focused on gender equality, created the Centers of woman\'s citizenship (CCM). In these centers, there are belly dance classes among other bodyworks activities, including educational courses related to financial situation improvement. The application of artistic and cultural sources to promote empowerment has been recently and shortly studied. OBJECTIVE: To analyze how belly dance has been used as a source for health promotion and women\'s empowerment, through the professionals and women\'s representations, which are involved in the Center of woman\'s citizenship Santo Amaro (Centro da Cidadania da Mulher Santo Amaro) (CCM-SA) in São Paulo. METHODOLOGY: Qualitative research of ethnographic character with triangulation techniques. The observation was based on a group of 48 women that practice belly dance from amateur and advance levels. The study included photographic, video and sketchbook register, during performances in different places de São Paulo. In addition, 16 semi-structured interviews were conducted (11 to belly dancers and 5 to professionals of CCM-SA). Finally, a content analysis through thematic type was performed, based on the participant\'s social representations, about body, dancing, health promotion and gender relationships. RESULTS: Two main elements related with body were identified, in the transformation process of the women\'s life that participated in this research: a reframing and body acceptance. The interaction with other women in belly dance practice was important in this process, in which they recognize themselves in a different way, and opposite from the ideal pattern promoted by the media without this prevents the field of their individual limits. At the same time, artistic and cultural activities promote the creation of social bonds, increasing the social network of participants. The possibility to fully enjoy the leisure time and to change the domestic routine (home and family caring), are transgressor factors that provide more gender rights equality and autonomy for women. From promotion health, women and professionals realized that belly dance practice produced physical and mental benefits to the participants decreasing some symptoms that were described by women. In addition, this practice collaborates improving their quality of life and allowing an integral care approach. It was observed the increase of women\'s participation in public space, with the entry into the labour market and educational possibilities, which were stimulated by CCM-SA activities. For instance, all these elements provided more organization to the women\'s CCM-SA in order to keep belly dance activity; also they proposed a kind of cooperative to economical support the activity. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of bodyworks like belly dance, in public centers such as the CCM-SA to citizenship practice and development of women, promote health and women\'s collective empowerment, make them visible to join public spaces, and thus working in the decreasing of gender vulnerability. To promote effective gender equality is fundamental to include into public policies, art and cultural activities to encourage the active women participation and reflection, and not only activities to enlargement their work and formative possibilities

Hallunda/Norsborg is considered to be an unsafe residential area. Most likely, young people cause adisproportionate high amount of the portion of the insecurity that is related to crime. Therefore it is hereassumed that the insecurity would decrease more with time if society succeeded in motivating more ofthe tenants stay until old age, compared to other possible measures that society can do to improve thesituation. Because the amount of teenager would decline, since we only have teenage children during aperiod of our lives.In this study, longitudinal data regarding the turnover of lease contracts and a number of other factors,have been collected and compared with data regarding the amount of reported crimes committed in thearea.The results show that, measured in the turnover of lease contracts, the tenants stay longer. But despitethis, the amount teenagers and reported crimes has not diminished. However, data from the court forrental issues indicates that the illegal second hand rental of the apartment has increased during theperiod. Thus the conclusion is that the assumption can neither be rejected nor substantiated. Moreoverthe socio-economic status of the residents and the number of police in the area has increased. But thepupils' performance in elementary school has not improved. / Hallunda/Norsborg anses vara ett otryggt bostadsområde. Sannolikt orsakar ungdomar oproportionelltmycket av den del av otryggheten som är relaterad till brott. Om så verkligen är fallet antas här attotryggheten skulle minska mer med tiden om samhället lyckades motivera fler av hyresgästerna till attbo kvar till ålderdomen, jämfört med andra möjliga åtgärder som samhället kan göra för att förbättrasituationen. Eftersom ungdomarna i så fall skulle bli färre, då vi bara har tonårsbarn under en period avvåra liv.I denna studie har data mellan år 2000-2018 rörande ut-/inflyttningen samt ett antal andra faktorer pågruppnivå, som kan ha betydelse för ungdomarnas benägenhet att begå brott studerats och jämförts meddata för antalet brott begångna i området.Resultaten visar att, mätt i omsättningen av hyreskontrakt, bor hyresgästerna kvar längre. Men trots dethar varken antalet ungdomar eller mängden brott minskat. Data från hyresnämnden tyder dock på att denolovliga andra hands uthyrningen av bostäderna har ökat under perioden. Slutsatsen av jämförelsen äratt antagandet varken kan förkastas eller beläggas. Vidare har den socioekonomiska statusen för deboende och antalet poliser i området ökat. Däremot har elevernas prestationer i grundskolan inteförbättrats.

Bakgrund: Diabetes är en av de främsta orsakerna till synnedsättning och blindhet. Dåförekomsten av diabetes ökar utgör de synrelaterade komplikationerna ett växande globalt hälsoproblem. En ökad förståelse för hur personer med diabetesretinopati upplever att synnedsättning påverkar deras dagliga kan vara till stor hjälp i mötet med dessa personer. Syfte:Syftet med studien var att beskriva personers upplevelser av att leva med diabetesretinopati. Metod: Studien genomfördes som en allmän litteraturstudie. Vetenskapliga, empiriska studier med kvalitativ och kvantitativ ansats ligger till grund för studien. Resultat: Studiens resultat redovisas utifrån tre olika teman: känsla av delaktighet, känsla av begränsningar och känsla av otillräcklighet. Diskussion: Sjuksköterskan bör vara professionell i mötet med patienten. Kommunikation, undervisning och en helhetssyn av personens upplevelse av sin livssituation ligger till grund för personens vård och behandling. Det är viktigt med hälsofrämjande insatser för att kunna förebygga komplikationer. / Background: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of vision loss and blindness. Since the prevalence of diabetes is increasing, the sight-related complications are a growing global health problem. A better understanding of how people with diabetic retinopathy are experiencing vision loss that affects their daily may be helpful in meeting with these people. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe people's experiences of living with diabetic retinopathy. Method: The study was conducted as a general literature review. Scientific, empirical studies using qualitative and quantitative approach is the basis for the study. Results: The results are reported from three different themes: sense of ownership, sense of limitations and feelings of inadequacy. Discussions: Nurse should be professional in the meeting with the patient. Communication, education and a holistic view of the person's experience of their lives is the basis for the person's care and treatment. It is important with health promotion efforts to prevent complications.

Occupational engagement among older people is important to investigate as older people are the fastest growing segment in our society, and because occupational engagement is viewed within occupational therapy as one of the basic premises for health. Three perspectives of engagement are highlighted in this thesis: evaluation of occupational engagement, the repertoire of occupational engagement, and finally, the relation between occupational engagement and life satisfaction. The overall aim of this thesis was to study aspects of occupational engagement among older people, with a special focus on evaluation of the experiences of an occupation-based group programme, evaluation of leisure, the leisure repertoire, and the relation between occupational engagement and life satisfaction. The thesis is comprised of four studies which all contribute in different ways to an increasing understanding of occupational engagement among older people. In the first study (Study I), three older persons participated in a group activity programme and were interviewed about their experiences of occupational engagement. The qualitative interviews were done with each participant after each group session, in total 15 interviews. The other three studies (Studies II-IV) were based on a subgroup of a population studied in a cross-sectional population-based study, the Umeå 85+ study. Very old people with an MMSE score of 20 or more were included in Studies II, III, and IV (n=156). During home visits, they were interviewed about their occupational engagement (ADL and leisure) and their life satisfaction. The qualitative interviews analysed using a Grounded theory approach, revealed two different dimensions of experiences while engaged in a group programme. The participants described experiences of activation, with a creative force and a place for learning, but also experiences of transformation with reflection, adaptation, and finally, a personal synthesis. Evaluation of occupational engagement through measurement using the modified NPS Interest Checklist (MNPS) was made possible using Rasch analysis. The results revealed preliminary evidence for internal scale validity and person response validity. Scale and person reliability were Rasch equivalents of Cronbach alpha of .98 for items and .66 to .75 for persons, respectively. In their leisure repertoire, very old people were more likely to endorse Social and Cultural activities and least likely to endorse Ballgames and Equipment sport. Traditional gender differences and some differences between older persons in rural versus urban areas and between persons with different cognitive levels were also found. Finally, significant correlations were found between life satisfaction and both engagement in ADL (r =.31) and engagement in leisure (r =.34) among very old people. A forced entry regression revealed that both variables together explained slightly more (12.4%) than leisure alone (11.2%). As a conclusion and in relation to evaluation of occupational engagement during therapy, the experiences of engagement are described by the respondents from both a perspective of action and a perspective of inner reflection, and together they might support the developmental process among older people. Through using Rasch analysis, it was possible to convert ordinal data into linear measures and also to organize leisure occupations into a hierarchical repertoire of engagement. This repertoire gives further understanding for specific tasks and about the general relation between leisure dimensions. Finally, the contribution of occupational engagement to life satisfaction is likely essential, but explains only about 12% of total life satisfaction among very old people.

The aim of the thesis will deal with the issue of free time and its use in adolescents. First, it will be explained the concept of man as a teenager in the development phase, then thesis will be given to the possibilities of spending your free time of young people. Will also be examined, in particular, the social factors that affect adolescents when selecting leisure activities. Emphasis will be placed on the family, peer groups, partners, the media, mainly because these factors act on their decisions. Work will include passages about possible socio-pathological phenomena that can occur in adolescentscaused by interference on the part of peer groups, media

The thesis deals with problems of lifestyle in context of increasing of consumption and manifestations of consumerism in leisure behavior of young generation. The work attends to characterization of lifestyle and leisere time and consumerism and the main marks of the world of contemporary youth, lifestyle of young generation and factors of lifestyle. The last chapter of theoretical part deals with phenomenon of boredom, leisure consume and leisure activities. The practical part deals with leisure activities and consumption of population.

Summary This diploma thesis focuses on seniors living in the home environment. In this work, I focused on descriptions of the leisure activities that today's seniors devote and I want to address to the problems of the old people they deal every day. I have also described the seniors of risks seniors and the basic terms with which we can meet in the senior's issue. The aim of the work was to find out what activities are seniors doing in their free time and whether their leisure time is sufficiently fulfilled. I also wanted to compare the hobbies of seniors from small and big cities. I learned from my research how todays seniors spend free time and what are the obstacles on spending their free time.

The elected topic addresses the values of the present-day youth and in a broad context analyses the impact of media on the value system of present-day youth. In the thesis, the author is initially analyzing the theoretical foundations and basic concepts related to this subject matter. The work is divided into two main parts: practical and theoretical. The theoretical component is further divided into chapters focused on the young people, their life style and on the phenomenon of the leisure time, the second subchapter of the first part is examining the influence of various media on young people and the last subchapter is focused on young people value system in general. The practical part is consisting of a questionnaire showing the value system and leisure activities of today?s young people and the relationship of young people to the media. The main objective of this thesis is to find out if the media affect and form the values of today?s young people.

This thesis deals with the comprehensive development of accompanying infrastructure for sports and recreational activities. The aim is to analyze the supply and demand of tourism in Hlubocko area. An increased emphasis is placed on analysis accompanying infrastructure for leisure time activities. At the end of this work are presented a suggestions and recommendations on modernization of accompanying infrastructure to improve comfort, safety and technical standard of sports and recreational facilities in the investigated area. Furthermore is presented design of ideal tourism product with regard to the requirements and wishes of visitors, based on research and structured interviews.

This thesis is mainly focused on the analysis of the selected service facilities in Trebon (Aurora Spa and Berta Spa) and the proposal of optimal development plan for maintaining competitiveness in Berta Spa. The importace of the thesis consists in the diagnostic level and quality of services provided in these facilities. The thesis is carried out analyzing market conditions, the internal environment of the spas. In order to elaborate this thesis 139 questionnaires in the survey were obtained and structured interviews with the staff of the spas were conducted. The purpose of this thesis is also summarize the observations of the spa and wellness trends, proposing the possibility of other services including cost calculation. The observations can serve as a basis for future studies and help to develop a supply of spa facilities in Trebon.