The present study aimed (1) to examine possible influence of demographic variables of age, gender, familial monthly income, relationship status, mother&rsquo / s education, father&rsquo / s education on Parenting Styles, Schema Domains, Schema Coping Styles, and Psychopathology/Life Satisfaction / (2) to examine associated factors of Schema Domains, Schema Coping Styles, Psychopathology/Life Satisfaction / (3) to examine the mediator role of Schema Domains in the relationship between Parenting Styles and Psychopathology/Life Satisfaction / (4) to examine the mediator role of Schema Coping Styles in the relationship between Schema Domains and Psychopathology/Life Satisfaction. In order to fulfill these aims 404 people between the ages 18-42 participated in the study. According to results, negative parenting practices from both sources (i.e., mother, father) were found to be associated with stronger levels of schema domains. Furthermore, Impaired Limits/Exaggerated Standards and Impaired Autonomy/Other Directedness schema domains were found to be associated with Compensation schema coping style / while Disconnection/Rejection and Impaired Limits/Exaggerated Standards schema domains were found related to Avoidance schema coping style. After that, mother&rsquo / s parenting style, schema domains of Disconnection/Rejection, and Impaired Autonomy/Other Directedness were found to be significantly associated with depressive symptomatology. In addition, psychopathological symptoms were found to be associated with both parenting styles, schema domains of Disconnection/Rejection and Impaired Limits/Exaggerated Standards, and schema coping style of Avoidance. What is more, both parenting styles, schema domain of Disconnection/Rejection, were negatively / and compensation schema coping style was positively associated with satisfaction with life. As for the mediational analyses, schema domains mediated the relationship between parenting styles and psychopathology/life satisfaction / furthermore, schema coping styles mediated the relationship between schema domains and psychopathology/life satisfaction.

Syftet med föreliggande studie var att med avseende på upplevelser av delaktighet och livstillfedsställelse samt arbetssituation och sjukvårdskonsumtion jämföra två grupper som deltagit respektive inte deltagit i ett Strokescreeningprogram. En strukturerad enkät skickades ut till konsekutivt, retroaktivt utvalda personer. Det inkomna resultatet analyserades med hjälp av Chi2-test, Mann Whitney test, T-test, linjär regressionsanalys och multivariat logistisk regressionsanalys. Några signifikanta skillnader mellan grupperna kunde inte påvisas även om vissa tendenser noterades. Gruppen som deltagit i Strokescreeningprogrammet upplevde en mindre delaktighet i den personliga vården än gruppen som ej deltagit i Strokescreeningprogrammet. De strokedrabbade upplevde en signifikant lägre livstillfredsställelse än en referensgrupp bestående av en normalpopulation svenskar. Det fanns en markant skillnad mellan grupperna gällande sysselsättning före strokeinsjuknandet. Vid tillfället för studien var det en högre procent ur gruppen som deltagit i Strokescreeningprogrammet som återgått till arbete. Flera av deltagarna i gruppen som inte deltagit i Strokescreeningprogrammet hade en regelbunden, återkommande kontakt med primärvården. Föreliggande studies resultat väckte en del frågor gällande nyttan med Strokescreeningprogrammet i relation till kostnaden. Eftersom metoden att göra en enkätstudie hade en del svagheter både genom ett relativt högt bortfall och fråga om huruvida frågorna varit adekvata vore en uppföljande studie med intervjuer av studiens deltagare högst intressant. Intressant vore även en undersökning om frekvens av återinsjuknande i stroke i respektive grupp för att se om Strokescreeningprogrammet haft en sekundärpreventiv effekt. / The aim of this study was that, with focus on experiences of participation and life satisfaction, work situation and consumtion of non institutional care, compare two groups that had participated versus not participated in a stroke program for Strokescreening. A questionnaire was sent retrospective to a consequetive group of people. The results were analyzed with Chi2-test, Mann Whitney-test, T-test, linear regression analyzes and multiple logistic analyze. No significant differences could be shown between the groups even though some tendences were noted. The group who participated in the Strokescreening program experienced less participation in personal care than the group who did not participate. The strokepatients that participated in this study experienced a significant lower level of life satisfaction than a reference group of a normal population of Swedes. There was a prominent difference between the groups about occupation before the stroke. In time of this study there where some higher percentes in the group who participated in the Strokescreening program that had returned to work. Several of the participants in the group that had not participated in the Strokescreening program had a regulary contact with the non institutional care. The results of the present study arouse some questions about the benefit with the Strokescreening program related to the expences. The method of a questionnairy study had some weekness, both in a relatively high level of reduction of participants and a question about the relevace of the questions asked. Therefore, it would be of great interest to make an interview study of this population. It would also be of great interest to examin if there are any differences in the frequency of how many of the participants who gets another stroke in respective group. The purpose of that would be to see if the Strokescreening program has any secondary preventive effect.

Studier har visat att frivilligt barnlösa individer stereotypt har betraktats vara olyckliga och otillfredsställda, något som inte har fått vetenskapligt stöd. Syftet med den här tvärsnittsstudien var att undersöka om det föreligger några skillnader i livskvalitet och livstillfredsställelse mellan frivilligt barnlösa personer och föräldrar i den svenska populationen. Forskningsfrågan undersöktes med en enkät som bestod av självskattningsskalorna QOLI (Quality Of Life Inventory) och SWLS (Satisfaction With Life Scale). 130 deltagare genomförde studien varav 54 är frivilligt barnlösa individer och 76 är föräldrar. Studien visade att det inte finns några signifikanta skillnader mellan grupperna med avseende på livskvalitet och livstillfredsställelse. Dock visade variansanalyserna att ålder och civilstånd signifikant påverkade livskvaliteten och livstillfredsställelsen. / Earlier studies have demonstrated that voluntarily childless individuals are negatively stereotyped as unhappy and unsatisfied, despite contradictory findings. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to explore whether there are any differences in life quality and life satisfaction between voluntarily childless adults and parents on a Swedish population. The research question was addressed with a survey utilizing two scales; QOLI (Quality Of Life Inventory) and SWLS (Satisfaction With life Scale). 130 subjects participated; 54 voluntarily childless adults and 76 parents. The study concludes that there are no significant differences between the groups on either dimension. However, the variance analysis showed that age and marital status significantly influenced life quality and life satisfaction.

Studier har visat att frivilligt barnlösa individer stereotypt har betraktats vara olyckliga och otillfredsställda, något som inte har fått vetenskapligt stöd. Syftet med den här tvärsnittsstudien var att undersöka om det föreligger några skillnader i livskvalitet och livstillfredsställelse mellan frivilligt barnlösa personer och föräldrar i den svenska populationen. Forskningsfrågan undersöktes med en enkät som bestod av självskattningsskalorna QOLI (Quality Of Life Inventory) och SWLS (Satisfaction With Life Scale). 130 deltagare genomförde studien varav 54 är frivilligt barnlösa individer och 76 är föräldrar. Studien visade att det inte finns några signifikanta skillnader mellan grupperna med avseende på livskvalitet och livstillfredsställelse. Dock visade variansanalyserna att ålder och civilstånd signifikant påverkade livskvaliteten och livstillfredsställelsen. / Earlier studies have demonstrated that voluntarily childless individuals are negatively stereotyped as unhappy and unsatisfied, despite contradictory findings. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to explore whether there are any differences in life quality and life satisfaction between voluntarily childless adults and parents on a Swedish population. The research question was addressed with a survey utilizing two scales; QOLI (Quality Of Life Inventory) and SWLS (Satisfaction With life Scale). 130 subjects participated; 54 voluntarily childless adults and 76 parents. The study concludes that there are no significant differences between the groups on either dimension. However, the variance analysis showed that age and marital status significantly influenced life quality and life satisfaction.

The present study investigated the role of attachment dimensions, relationship status, and gender in subjective well-being. The participants were 389 (288 females, 101 males) volunteered students from the Faculty of Education at Middle East Technical University. Three questionnaires, namely Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory (ECRI) Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) were administered to the students. Three separate stepwise multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the predictive power of the avoidance dimension of attachment, anxiety dimension of attachment, gender (coded as dummy variable), and relationship status (coded as dummy variable) on three components of subjective well-being identified as positive affect, negative affect, and satisfaction with life. Findings revealed that avoidance dimension of attachment, gender, and anxiety dimension of attachment predicted the life satisfaction of university student as measured by Satisfaction with Life Scale. Results also yielded that avoidance dimension of attachment predicted positive affect scores of the students whereas anxiety dimension of attachment predicted negative affect scores of the students as measured by Positive Affect and Negative Affect subscales of Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS).

The benefits of occupying multiple roles have typically been overlooked. One reason for this oversight is the lack of a well-established scale measuring work-family facilitation. This study developed and validated short, self-report scales of work-to-family facilitation and family-to-work facilitation. Based on conceptualizations of work and family facilitation presented in current research content domains and definitions of the constructs are presented. Work-to-family facilitation is defined as a form of role facilitation in which the experiences in the job, work skills, and emotional gratification from work makes participation in the family easier. Family-to-work facilitation is defined as a form of role facilitation in which the experiences in the family, family skills, and emotional gratification from family makes participation in work easier. Advocated procedures were used to develop the scales and test dimensionality and internal consistency.

Abstract Positive psychology encourages a focus on identifying and promoting wellness in individuals rather than analyzing psychopathology. Although decades of research shows that mental illness is in part environmental and hereditary, little is known about the relationship between parental levels of positive emotions such as gratitude, life satisfaction, and hope, and their children's levels of the same constructs. This study utilized a past, present, and future framework of positive emotions to explore parental and child levels of gratitude, life satisfaction, and hope. This quantitative study analyzed correlations between self-reported levels of gratitude, life satisfaction, and hope among a sample of 153 fourth and fifth grade students and their parents (143 female caregivers, 119 male caregivers). Findings include statistically significant relationships between (a) mother and child gratitude (but not father and child gratitude) and (b) child life satisfaction with both mothers' and fathers' life satisfaction. No relationships emerged between parental hope and child hope. The study has important implications for school psychologists, including sharing with caregivers' the relationships between parental positive emotions and their children' levels of wellness. Future research is needed to investigate the causes of the links identified in the current study, as well as to explore the relationship between parental and child hope.

No description available.

A consecutive series of 149 subjects with complete or partial vocational disability due to somatic ill-health were investigated at admission for vocational rehabilitation and two years later. Subjects filled in checklists which encompassed 5 socio-demographic, 5 psycho-social and 9 life satisfaction items. Moreover, 5 dimensions of "handicap" were assessed. At admission subjects were physically examined. In this diagnostically mixed sample 80 of them had non-specific locomotor dysfunction with pain ("algia"). In this sub-sample 23 symptoms (yes/no alternatives) and 24 signs (present/not present) were registered. At the two-year follow-up actual source and level of income were registered and 126 subjects reported their levels of life satisfaction. A reference population including 163 employed subjects was used for comparisons of levels of life satisfaction.At admission satisfaction with life as a whole (level of happiness) and with 6/8 domain specific life satisfaction items were significantly lower for the vocational rehabilitation clients than for the references. Psycho-socio-demographic items formed 5 factors, two were socio-demographic and three psycho-social characteristics. Only few were "handicapped" concerning orientation, mobility and self-care, while the majority were financially and/or occupationally "handicapped". At the two-year follow-up 91% of the partly and 67% of those who at admission were completely vocationally disabled were undergoing education or were gainfully employed, giving a success rate of 77%. Moreover, return to work from unemployment resulted in significantly increased income. Successful rehabilitation resulted in normalization of the majority of life satisfaction domains. This was particularly true for overall vocational satisfaction. Level of happiness was increased but not up to the level of the references. At follow-up the level of or change in (admission/follow-up computations) vocational satisfaction were major predictors for level of or change in happiness. Hence, successful vocational rehabilitation led to increased social well-being. For the total sample major predictors of outcome were: Level of experienced health and belief in vocational return. It is suggested that these two variables arc useful instruments for vocational rehabilitation decision making. In the algic sub-sample signs and symptoms were - statistically - combined into 8 meaningful entities, characterizing regional, postural and relational syndromes. Whereas these may not necessarily be generalizable they may be of clinical descriptory value. However, only one of them contributed to outcome prediction; the major predictors for those algic subjects being belief in vocational return and sex. / <p>S. 1-48: sammanfattning, s. 49-125: 5 uppsatser</p> / digitalisering@umu

Stroke, which has an increasing incidence with age, causes an irreversible brain damage which may lead to impairment, disability and decreased life satisfaction or death. Risk factors for death, recurrent stroke and myocardial infarction, were analyzed in 409 stroke patients treated at the Stroke Unit, Department of Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, between Jan. 1, 1978 and Dec. 31, 1982. The causes of death were related with the time of survival. In fully co-operable (n=62) 4-6 year stroke survivors, the occurrence of motor and perceptual impairments, of self-care (ADL) disability and of self-reported decreased life satisfaction due to stroke was determined. The probability of survival was 77% three months after stroke, 69% after one year, and 37% after five years. Multivariate statistical analysis indicated that impairment of consciousness was the most important risk factor for death followed by age, previous cardiac failure, diabetes mellitus, intracerebral hemorrhage and male sex. During the first week, cerebrovascular disease (90%) was the most dominant primary cause of death, from the second to the fourth week pulmonary embolism (30%), bronchopneumonia during the second and third months and cardiac disease (37%) later than three months after stroke. The risk of recurrence was 14% during the first year after stroke and the accumulated risk of stroke recurrence after 5 years was 37% after stroke. The estimated probability of myocardial infarction was 7% at one year and 19% at 5 years. High age and a history of cardiac failure increased the risk of recurrent stroke. The risk of myocardial infarction was associated with high age, angina pectoris and diabetes mellitus. The highest risk of epilepsy was found between 6 and 12 months after stroke. Motor impairment prevailed in 36% of the long-term survivors, perceptual impairments in up to 57% and decreased ADL-capacity in 32%. As regards ecological perception, perceptual function variables were distinctly grouped into low and high level perception which together with motor function explained 71% of the variance of self-care ADL. While levels of global and of domain specific variables of life satisfaction appeared stable in clinically healthy reference populations aged 60 and 80 years, the stroke had produced a decrease in one or more aspects of life satisfaction for 61% of the long-term survivors. Although significantly associated with motor impairments and ADL disability, these changes could not only be attributed to physical problems. / <p>S. 1-48: sammanfattning, s. 49-114: 5 uppsatser</p> / digitalisering@umu