The subject matter of the thesis is the stringing out one-member limited liability companies and its prohibition by Czech Law. The thesis is composed of six chapters. Chapter One is introductory and defines basic terminology used in the thesis: stringing out, one-member limited liability company, prohibition of stringing out one-member limited liability and its purpose. Chapter Two examines the development of relevant Czech and European legislation. Chapter Three investigate the interpretation of relevant provisions in the Commercial Code in relation to First and Twelfth Directive. Chapter Four concentrates on legal consequences of the breach of prohibition. Chapter Five discusses whether the prohibition is useful or not in Czech Law. The thesis comes to the conclusion that the existence of the prohibition of stringing out one-member limited liability companies is rather justified in Czech Law. Therefore, the thesis argues for the maintenance of the provision in Commercial Code at least until European Community suggests to the contrary.

v anglickém jazyce The diploma thesis called "The expulsion and the withdrawal of the shareholder and the court-ordered termination of his participation in a limited liability company" deals with the analysis of the selected legal aspects of a limited liability company. Considering the extent to which the limited liability company is represented in the Czech business practice (it is at present the most prevalent form of business corporation in the Czech Republic), it is possible to assume that it is most desirable to thoroughly analyze the legal regulation of the limited liability company. However, the contribution of such analysis lies particularly in the field of legal theory, namely with regard to the new recodified legal regulation of the private law, which has had, legally effective as of January 1, 2014, a distinct impact also on the law of business corporations, and which has introduced a number of changes and new institutes and also a number of interpretation problems and potential ambiguities connected therewith. In this connection, the diploma thesis pays attention to the partial topic of the cessation of the shareholder's participation in the limited liability company. Within the frame of this topic, the diploma thesis focuses on the selected forms of the cessation of the shareholder's...

Merger of a parent company and its subsidiary and its specificity compared to the general regulation of mergers The topic of this diploma thesis are the mergers between parent companies and subsidiaries. In my view, this is a very relevant topic nowadays which can be often faced in practice. The aim of this thesis is above all to describe the differences between this type of mergers and the other types (it is not my aim to describe the whole process of mergers between parent companies and subisdiaries step by step as a large part of regulation of this process is similar to the general merger process regulation). This thesis is divided into eight main chapters. In the first chapter current regulation and its historical development are outlined. The aim of the second chapter is to compare the incentives which lead to mergers between parent companies and subsidiaries and the incentives which lead to the other mergers. Of course, both partly overlap. However, there exist some differences, which are described in this chapter. Chapter three deals with the mergers between parent and subsidiary joint stock companies. To a large extent it consists of the analysis of the simplified approval process of such merger, which is included in the Czech legislature. Furthermore it includes the analysis of the share...

Appointment and recall of an executive of a limited liability company This diploma thesis deals with the appointment and recall of an executive of a limited liability company. The aim of the thesis is to discuss whether the competence of the corporate bodies belongs among status issues and where the limits of the status of legal persons are. This is especially important for establishing the boundaries in which members can autonomously modify the internal conditions to the individual needs of the corporation. The main point is about determining whether the effectivity of the general meeting in the field of appointment and recall of the executive is exclusive or not. And whether it is acceptable to transfer this competence through a possible arrangement of a memorandum of association to another body of the company or to establish another way of setting up the executive in office unpredicted by law, such as anchoring the so-called sending right associated with the share in the company. The individual chapters of this thesis explain the mechanism of appointing and recall of the executive by the general meeting, and the possibility of terminating the function of the executive by fulfilling the resolutive conditions is also discussed. In the thesis the individual aspects of the transferring of the...

A dissertação examina o regime jurídico do direito de retirada de sócios de sociedade simples e de sociedade limitada a partir da vigência do CC/2002. Para tanto, parte do estudo de sua natureza jurídica e de uma releitura dos fundamentos jurídicos deste instituto. Serve-se, ainda, de considerações sobre a evolução histórica do direito de retirada tanto no direito nacional quanto em ordenamentos estrangeiros (Alemanha, Espanha, França, Itália e Portugal). Assume especial relevo neste percurso o tratamento dado ao direito de retirada de sócio de sociedade limitada e a construção pela doutrina e pela jurisprudência do instituto da dissolução parcial stricto sensu sob a vigência do Decreto n° 3.708/1919 e do Código Comercial de 1850, respectivamente. Com base nos pressupostos acima, a dissertação passa a abordar de forma pormenorizada o direito de retirada de sócios de sociedade simples e sociedade limitada previsto no CC/2002, identificando as hipóteses em que é legalmente autorizada e aprofundando-se no exame do seu regime jurídico em cada tipo societário. Por fim, analisando as hipóteses de dissolução total de sociedades previstas pelo CC/2002, procura definir se e em quais hipóteses o instituto da dissolução parcial stricto sensu ainda é aplicável. / This dissertation examines the legal framework of the right of partners to withdraw from a simple company (sociedade simples) and from a limited liability company (sociedade limitada) under the current Brazilian Civil Code (CC/2002). For such purposes, the dissertation starts by studying its legal nature and revisits its legal basis. It also considers the historical development of the right to withdraw under Brazilian law and that of certain other jurisdictions (Germany, Spain, France, Italy and Portugal). In the context of this historical analysis, it assumes special importance the right of partners to withdraw from a limited liability company (sociedade limitada) and the doctrinal and case law creation of the institute of partial dissolution (dissolução parcial stricto sensu) under Decree No 3,708/1919 and the Commercial Code of 1850, respectively. Having regard such review, the dissertation addresses, in detail, the right of partners to withdraw from a simple company (sociedade simples) and a limited liability company (sociedade limitada), as contemplated by the current Brazilian Civil Code (CC/2002), thereby also identifying when the same is authorized in each type of corporate vehicle and each applicable legal framework. Finally, by analyzing the scenarios for dissolution of companies contemplated by the current Brazilian Civil Code (CC/2002), it seeks to identify whether and in which scenarios the partial dissolution (dissolução parcial stricto sensu) is still applicable.

Venture capital é espécie de empreendimento que vincula dois agentes econômicos, empreendedor e investidor, visando ao desenvolvimento de uma ideia inovadora para posterior comercialização no mercado. O empreendedor é detentor de conhecimento sobre a ideia e o investidor possui os recursos para desenvolver o projeto. O negócio se diferencia dos demais pelo alto grau de incerteza e risco do empreendimento e requer o uso de tipos contratuais adequados para sua limitação. O projeto se inicia com a etapa de contratação, na qual as partes negociam a divisão de riscos e retorno do negócio, seguindo-se a etapa de monitoramento do desenvolvimento das atividades. Ao final ocorre o desinvestimento, com a saída do investidor e venda do negócio. Do ponto de vista da Economia, utilizamos a Teoria dos Jogos e apresentamos os problemas informacionais, riscos e incertezas do negócio, e os incentivos para organizar a cooperação entre as partes. Do ponto de vista de Finanças, debatemos a decisão de financiamento do negócio e as alternativas para diversificação dos riscos do investimento, isto é, a possibilidade de limitação dos riscos pela adoção de estratégias de contenção, que aumentam o interesse em contratar o negócio. Do ponto de vista do Direito, avaliamos qual a estrutura contratual ideal para organizar esse tipo de empreendimento. Analisamos as principais formas usadas para organização do negócio, em especial as sociedades limitadas e as sociedades anônimas fechadas. Avaliamos o suporte normativo aplicável, com destaque para a possibilidade de limitação dos riscos do projeto pela aplicação das normas de Direito Societário a esses empreendimentos. Os principais riscos aplicáveis são os riscos de contratação do negócio, os riscos de alocação do poder de decisão entre os sócios e os riscos de interrupção prematura do projeto. Devido à natureza e características do negócio de venture capital, concluímos que esse tipo de projeto é mais bem organizado como um contrato plurilateral e que não há tipo contratual ideal para alinhar os interesses. Dos tipos existentes, a sociedade anônima fechada é o mais adequado, mas incapaz de limitar todos os riscos do negócio. A conclusão é confirmada, parcialmente, pelas evidências empíricas apresentadas. / Venture capital is a business that links two economic agents, entrepreneur and investor, aiming to develop an innovative idea for future sale on the market. The entrepreneur holds knowledge about the idea and the investor has the resources to develop the project. It is distinguished from others by the high degree of uncertainty and risk of the project and requires the use of appropriate contract types for its restriction. The project begins with the contracting stage, in which the parties negotiate the division of risks and return business, followed by the monitoring of the development of the business activities. At the end occurs the divestment, in which the finished business is sold by the investor. From the point of view of Economics, we use Game Theory to present the informational problems, business risks and uncertainties, and the incentives to organize the cooperation between the parties. From the standpoint of Finance, we discuss the decision to finance the business, and alternatives for risk diversification, that is, the possibility of limiting the risks by adopting containment strategies that may increase the interest in contracting. From the point of view of Law, we evaluate the ideal contractual structure for organizing this kind of project. We analyze the main existing contract types, in particular, the limited liability companies and the closed corporations. We present our concerns about the normative support applicable to that type of business, emphasizing the Corporate Law problems. We evaluate the normative support applicable, emphasizing the possibility of limiting the project risks by applying the Corporate Law rules to such ventures. The main risks are the risks applicable to the contracting phase, the risk of incorrect allocation of decision rights between the partners and the risk of premature termination of the project. Due to the nature and characteristics of the venture capital business, we conclude that this type of design is best organized as a plurilateral agreement and that there is no contract type that can be considered ideal to align the interests. Considering all the existing types, the private corporation contract is the most appropriate form, but also unable to limit all the business risks. The conclusion is partially supported by the empirical evidence presented.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:47:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JONATHAN AUGUSTO SOUSA E SILVA.pdf: 621649 bytes, checksum: 25051d752ef9b16226a65158ec3ed8a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-11 / This work analyses the Individual Limited Liability Company in order to demonstrate their importance for ensuring economic and social development of the country. The dissertation discusses briefly the evolution of trade and the lawful system the principles governing the right business. It addresses the constitutional principle and the social function of the company and its repercussions in the social sphere including the analysis of legal provisions and bills in progress, in order to show that free enterprise plays an important role in society and the social function of the company is a principle that guides the exercise of business activity to the realization of social justice. It analyzes the reasons that led to the creation of the Individual Limited Liability Company, thorough Law n°. 12.411- 2011 as well as the lawful requirements for it s constitution, the limitations arising form the law and simplified tax regime and their extinction. It highlights the importance of the Individual Limited Liability Company for economic and social development of the country, provided it complies with is social function, carrying out their activities in line with the provision in article 170, of the Federal Constitution. This research was the theoretical framework Alexy s teaching on fundamental rights and the great economic work of Smith. / Este trabalho analisa a Empresa Individual de Responsabilidade Limitada com o objetivo de demonstrar a sua importância para a efetivação do desenvolvimento econômico e social do país. A dissertação analisa de forma sucinta a evolução do comércio e do ordenamento jurídico que versa sobre o tema, além dos princípios que regem o direito empresarial. Aborda-se o princípio constitucional da função social da empresa e as suas repercussões no âmbito social, inclusive com a análise de dispositivos legais e projetos de lei em tramitação, com a finalidade de evidenciar que a livre iniciativa cumpre um papel relevante na sociedade e que a função social da empresa é um princípio que orienta o exercício da atividade empresarial à realização da justiça social. Analisa os motivos que levaram a criação da Empresa Individual de Responsabilidade Limitada, por meio da Lei nº. 12.411-2011, bem como os requisitos legais para a sua constituição, as limitações decorrentes da lei, o regime tributário simplificado e a sua extinção. Evidencia-se a importância da Empresa Individual de Responsabilidade Limitada para o desenvolvimento econômico e social do país, desde que cumpra com a sua função social, exercendo suas atividades em consonância com a previsão contida no artigo 170, da Constituição Federal. A presente pesquisa teve como referencial teórico os ensinamentos de Alexy sobre os direitos fundamentais e a grande obra econômica de Smith.

The thesis analyses and assesses tax systems in the Czech Republic, Austria, Estonia, Latvia and Ukraine. Each structural components of corporate income tax and also taxation of profit shares paid to partners are compared. The comparison of taxation concepts are drawed mainly from the national perspective but the cross-border aspects are described as well. Based on all findings the conclusions about advantages and disadvantages of the tax systems are set.

The aim of diploma thesis on the topic Business plan is the establishment of private kindergarten in Jihlava. The business plan responds to a market niche. The theoretical part deals with the following three areas: selection of efficient forms of business, limited liability company and particulars of business plan. The practical part is focused on the business plan itself, which is evaluated by financial analysis.

Summary: Increase and reduction of the registered capital of a limited liability company This work deals with increase and reduction of registered capital of limited lability company. The introductory chapter includes a brief historical development of regulation of limited liability company. This chapter also comprises a basic features of a limited liability company as a type of corporation, including a description of the basic structure of company. It describes the basic differences between the regulation of limited liability and joint stock companies. The thesis deals with the concept of registered capital and its prospective changes with the amendment of memorandum of association. The following chapters are the key ones and comprises detailed analysis of current regulation of increase of the registered capital and its reduction contained in the Commercial Code. The thesis describes the distinction of effective and nominal increase of registered capital, the admissibility of the increase of registered capital, preferential right of shareholders to participate in the capital increase, general meetings, monetary and non-monetary contributions and other issues with an increase in capital related. The next chapter is the analysis of the regulation of reduction of registered capital, focusing primarily on the...