Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:37:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 402065.pdf: 10242834 bytes, checksum: 94436a24a01bdf1a035f1e51efc9e55b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-10-02 / Esta disserta??o apresenta um estudo descritivo e interpretativo acerca do livro Nau Catarineta, de Roger Mello, no qual s?o analisados os di?logos que o texto verbal e o texto visual do livro estabelecem n?o apenas entre si, mas tamb?m em seus elos com as manifesta??es art?sticas populares brasileiras e com a oralidade, o primitivismo e as artes primitivas em geral. O estudo tem como objetivo contribuir para a instrumentaliza??o de professores e mediadores de leitura interessados em trabalhar com o livro Nau Catarineta e com outros livros ilustrados para crian?as contempor?neos que, como este, oferecem ao jovem leitor, tanto no texto verbal como no visual, o acesso a tradi??o de um modo renovador.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:37:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 421483.pdf: 3506218 bytes, checksum: 4b622842a042718a2a5521d6d012efa6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-01-06 / Estudo da hibridiza??o no discurso do romance brasileiro, representado por Mem?rias de um sargento de mil?cias (1854-55), de Manuel Ant?nio de Almeida; Os sert?es (1902), de Euclides da Cunha; Mem?rias sentimentais de Jo?o Miramar (1924), de Oswald de Andrade, e Boca do inferno (1989), de Ana Miranda, percebida como fonte ou fresta para uma hist?ria da literatura brasileira como hist?ria das mentalidades, tendo como base os conceitos de hibridiza??o, situa??o de comunica??o, estrutura, presen?a temporal e presen?a espacial. O estudo e a proposta contida nesta tese ser?o encaminhados em conformidade com os pressupostos te?ricos do campo da Teoria Liter?ria e da Teoria Lingu?stica, provenientes, inicialmente, das pesquisas de Mikhail Bakhtin, Hans U. Gumbrecht, Friederike Meyer, Jacques Le Goff, Philippe Ari?s e ?mile Benveniste. Tal estudo parte da hip?tese de que a enunciabilidade do texto narrativo pode ser uma fonte para uma hist?ria das mentalidades, uma vez que fornece informa??es sobre a sociedade brasileira e suas atitudes mentais, como h?bitos, comportamentos, modos de vida, de uma forma n?o determinada, mas em termos de variedade e diferen?a. O romance brasileiro ? uma estrutura textual hibridizada que oferece elementos que podem ser lidos historicamente como monumentos, representa??es, signos e sintomas de momentos hist?ricos. Isso nos ajudaria a ver a(s) hist?ria(s) da literatura, no contexto nacional, a partir de um ponto de vista n?o-linear e sincr?nico, ao longo de suas (trans)forma??es.

Tesis para optar al grado de Mag?ster en Ling??stica menci?n Lengua Espa?ola / La tesis que a continuaci?n expongo ofrece un establecimiento cr?tico de la lectura de la Cr?nica de Jer?nimo de Vivar, ling??sticamente anotada y prologada. En ella doy cuenta de una visi?n descriptiva y anal?tica, no exhaustiva, de sus principales rasgos fon?ticos, morfol?gicos y sint?cticos. El estudio filol?gico-ling??stico se realiza sobre la base de una completa transcripci?n paleogr?fica de la obra, con el prop?sito de obtener un documento lo m?s fiel al original. Para ello, se contrastaron dos transcripciones de la misma: una de Leopoldo S?ez-Godoy (Coloquium Verlag, Berl?n, 1979) y otra realizada por el profesor Manuel Contreras Seitz. El estudio filol?gico, que se efectu? con la Cr?nica de Vivar, tuvo como modelos las ediciones cr?ticas realizadas por los profesores Ferreccio y Kordic en sus descripciones ling??sticas, dejando de lado la moderaci?n fonografem?tica y los aspectos literarios y referenciales por lo extenso que resultar?a un trabajo de este tipo. Para el estudio netamente ling??stico, realic? la revisi?n de la Historia del Espa?ol de Am?rica de Juan Antonio Frago, la Historia de la Lengua Espa?ola de Rafael Lapesa y la Gram?tica Hist?rica Espa?ola de Vicente Garc?a de Diego, con el fin de identificar los principales rasgos idiom?ticos meridionales presentes en la obra de Vivar; y, establec?, por contraste, los rasgos caracter?sticos del centro norte espa?ol (Burgos, lugar hipot?tico de nacimiento del autor) presentes en la Cr?nica, tomando como base fuentes sobre el espa?ol peninsular como las obras ya citadas de Lapesa y Garc?a de Diego.

本文的目的，在對熊希齡的生平與事業，作客觀的論述與評價；並希望經由此一具體而微、具有代表性的個案研究，管窺溫和型知識分子在巨變的近代中國中如何自處與適應﹖具體言之，即他們政治與社會參與的情形如何﹖他們何以支持君主立憲﹖又何以在辛亥革命爆發之後，轉而支持共和﹖當他們在政治上受挫之後，何去何從﹖在研究方法上，本論文嘗試以建立理論架構的方式，解釋熊希齡的政治與社會行為。該理論架構的建立，主要基於對於其士紳階層身份的認知：熊氏和大部份的溫和型知識分子均來自傳統，接受完整的傳統教育，因此他們雖處於從傳統過渡到現代的一個轉變時期，其政治與社會參與行為大體仍不脫傳統模式。在政治上，因其功名利祿來自政權的授與，故他們往往擁護且依附現政權；在社會上，他們多為財富的擁有者，並扮演著領導者的角色；此外，他們受儒家思想的影響，無時不以天下為己任，遭逢明君，則在廟堂之上發揮其治國平天下的政治理念，退處林下，亦是興學賑災的擔任起服務鄉梓的責任，「進為官，退為紳」，用捨行藏之間，有其明顯的脈胳可尋。經由此一理論架構，有關本文所提熊等溫和型知識分子如何自處與適應、如何「出處」與「進退」的問題，均可獲得解答。本文計共分為五章，除<緒論>、<結論>外，其餘三章內容大致如下： 　　第二章<早期政治參與的嘗試與努力>，主要敘述熊希齡在湖南新政運動及庚子後新政時期立憲運動中的角色，並分析熊希齡何以支持君主立憲﹖何以轉而支持共和﹖第三章<民初政治參與的挫折>，主要敘述熊希齡任「唐內閣」財政總長及「第一流人才內閣」總理的始末與經過。本章的研究成果或可澄清過去史家對熊希齡的一些錯誤印象。例如：熊在財政總長任內並非只知「借款」，而毫無財政政策可言，他不但有財政政策，而且該政策堪稱穩健踏實。第四章<從事社會慈善事業>，敘述熊希齡在政治受挫之後，在政治上無法施展其抱負之後，退而積極扮演士紳的角色，從事大規模的社會救濟事業，並創辦「香山慈幼院」。整體來說，熊希齡堪稱為一位有「暖天下」之志的人，從他在新科舉人聚會上表明了這個志願之後，一直到死為止，可以說他並沒有放棄放棄對這個理想的追求；他一生淡泊名利，並不認為一定要做官才可以施展抱負，因此在他卸下國務總理之後，見時局人心不可為，即急流湧退，從事社會慈善事業近三十年，這構成了熊希齡一生最為人所稱道的地方。

In the years since Mao Zedongs death, the people of China have been impelled to reevaluate the legacy and character of their still iconic leader. One of the more notable trends in this process of posthumous reevaluation is the tendency of some individuals and groups (most often, the rural peasantry) to interpret the deceased Chairman along theological lines, assuming that his still efficacious spirit will provide protection and good fortune to those who honour him.<p>In exploring the genesis (and continued salience) of these beliefs and practices, the present research delves into popular Chinese religiosity, exploring the porosity of the traditional cosmology, the centrality of perceived spiritual efficacy (ling) in determining the popularity of religious cults, and the theological and cosmological resonances extant within traditional understandings of political leadership. The body of metaphors, narratives, and tropes drawn from this historical overview are then applied to popular characterizations of Mao, with the resulting correspondences helping to explicate the salience of these modern religious interpretations. To further investigate the source of Maos persistent symbolic capital, the present research also explores the role of Cultural Revolution-era ritual in valorizing and reifying the power and efficacy then popularly ascribed to the Great Helmsmans person and teachings. This studys conclusion, in brief, is that participants in the posthumous cult of Mao are utilizing these cultural materials in both traditional and creative ways, and that such interpretations speak to the exigencies of life in the turbulent, ideologically ambiguous culture of modern China. <p>In performing this evaluation, the present research makes use of the standard phenomenological/historiographic approach of religious studies scholarship, though it is also informed by narrative methods, cognitive science, and current perspectives on the role and function of ritual. In particular, the analysis of Mao-era rituals (as a source of Maos continued symbolic potency) is performed using the cognivistic typology of ritual proposed by E. Thomas Lawson and Robert N. McCauley, with additional materials drawn from the research of Catherine Bell, Roy Rappaport, Pascal Boyer and Adam Chau.

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of English

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of Chinese

In the years since Mao Zedongs death, the people of China have been impelled to reevaluate the legacy and character of their still iconic leader. One of the more notable trends in this process of posthumous reevaluation is the tendency of some individuals and groups (most often, the rural peasantry) to interpret the deceased Chairman along theological lines, assuming that his still efficacious spirit will provide protection and good fortune to those who honour him.<p>In exploring the genesis (and continued salience) of these beliefs and practices, the present research delves into popular Chinese religiosity, exploring the porosity of the traditional cosmology, the centrality of perceived spiritual efficacy (ling) in determining the popularity of religious cults, and the theological and cosmological resonances extant within traditional understandings of political leadership. The body of metaphors, narratives, and tropes drawn from this historical overview are then applied to popular characterizations of Mao, with the resulting correspondences helping to explicate the salience of these modern religious interpretations. To further investigate the source of Maos persistent symbolic capital, the present research also explores the role of Cultural Revolution-era ritual in valorizing and reifying the power and efficacy then popularly ascribed to the Great Helmsmans person and teachings. This studys conclusion, in brief, is that participants in the posthumous cult of Mao are utilizing these cultural materials in both traditional and creative ways, and that such interpretations speak to the exigencies of life in the turbulent, ideologically ambiguous culture of modern China. <p>In performing this evaluation, the present research makes use of the standard phenomenological/historiographic approach of religious studies scholarship, though it is also informed by narrative methods, cognitive science, and current perspectives on the role and function of ritual. In particular, the analysis of Mao-era rituals (as a source of Maos continued symbolic potency) is performed using the cognivistic typology of ritual proposed by E. Thomas Lawson and Robert N. McCauley, with additional materials drawn from the research of Catherine Bell, Roy Rappaport, Pascal Boyer and Adam Chau.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:07:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VaniltonPS_DISSERT.pdf: 1441616 bytes, checksum: e21cbab2c48e321b3e4f5a0b17c70859 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-30 / Este estudio pretende dilucidar las motivaciones que llevan a los lectores del romance Grande Sert?o: Veredas a la categorizaci?n de ciertas construcciones gramaticales que se encuentran en la obra como proverbiales. Para ello, recurren a la investigaci?n de los procesos cognitivos implicados en la configuraci?n del patr?n discursivo proverbio, teniendo como soporte te?rico a la Ling??stica Cognitiva. En este empe?o, nos ancoramos en las nociones de construcciones corporeizadas, simulaci?n mental, frecuencia, patr?n discursivo y en la expresi?n idiom?tica. Suponemos que los proverbios constituyen un patr?n discursivo cristalizado a partir de la recurrencia de uso y, en virtud de eso, indagamos: ?Qu? mecanismos cognitivos son activados por los lectores en el proceso de categorizaci?n de las expresiones dichas proverbiales? Motivados por la situaci?n problema presentada, formulamos algunos experimentos con la intenci?n de aclarar las cuestiones investigadas y concluimos que los lectores recurren a constituciones construccionales subyacentes a los proverbios conocidos a trav?s de las interacciones realizadas en su entorno sociocultural, para dar cuenta de la sem?ntica de construcciones in?ditas. En ese proceso, los esquemas y frames se activan a trav?s de simulaciones mentales instanciadas por experiencias corporales y culturales, decisivas para la concretizaci?n de los procesos de las construcciones proverbiales / Este trabalho objetiva elucidar as motiva??es que levam os leitores do romance Grande Sert?o: Veredas a categorizar determinadas constru??es gramaticais encontradas na obra como sendo proverbiais. Para isso, se volta para a investiga??o dos processos cognitivos envolvidos na configura??o do padr?o discursivo prov?rbio, tomando como suporte te?rico a Lingu?stica Cognitiva. Nessa empreitada, ancoramo-nos nas no??es de constru??es corporificadas, simula??o mental, frequ?ncia, padr?o discursivo e idiomaticidade. Partimos do pressuposto de que os prov?rbios constituem um padr?o discursivo cristalizado a partir da recorr?ncia de uso e, em face disso, indagamos: que mecanismos cognitivos s?o ativados pelos leitores no processo de categoriza??o das express?es ditas proverbiais? Motivados pela situa??o-problema apresentada, formulamos alguns experimentos com a inten??o de lan?ar luz ?s quest?es investigadas e conclu?mos que os leitores recorrem a constitui??es construcionais subjacentes aos prov?rbios conhecidos atrav?s das intera??es realizadas em seu entorno sociocultural, para darem conta da semantiza??o de constru??es in?ditas. Nesse processo, s?o ativados esquemas e frames atrav?s de simula??es mentais instanciadas pelas experi?ncias corporais e culturais, decisivas para a efetiva??o dos processos de categoriza??o e de constru??o de sentido das constru??es proverbiais

The introduction of gendered third person pronouns in written Chinese in the late 1910s has been hailed as one of the seismic linguistic shifts of May Fourth (1919), a period which was rife with debates on the position of women and men in Chinese society. While research on the topic has mainly framed this event as being about linguistic progress and about “her,” little attention has been paid to the specific ways in which the new pronouns were vocally opposed, quietly subverted, or leveraged by writers of the period and how this affected gender representation in literary texts, especially at a time when literature was deemed the foremost tool for the unification of the language and the education of the people.Rather than focusing on “the invention” of a third person feminine as customary of existing scholarship, my dissertation aims to retrieve the diversity of literary uses of linguistic gender that often went hand in hand with political goals. As the introduction of a new feminine pronoun ushered in the formerly gender-inclusive third-person pronoun being rewritten as masculine, I scrutinize the works of four writers representative of both early adopters and outspoken opponents of the new pronouns: Liu Dabai 劉大白 (1880-1932), Ling Shuhua 凌叔華 (1900-1990), Zhao Yuanren 趙元任 (1892-1982), and Xiao Hong 蕭紅 (1911-1942). Together, they exemplify different generations of writers working with a variety of genres (prose, poetry, drama, translation) and a variety of linguistic and social movements. This corpus allows to uncover not only how each of them plays with linguistic and gendered norms prevalent at the time (through homophony, creation of characters, deictic shifts, etc.), but also how genre itself impacted pronominal manipulations. These debates are contextualised against an historicization of “pronouns” as a linguistic category which came to be understood as open-ended and “lacking” gender over the course of the nineteenth century. This dissertation probes how these views paved the way for a wide variety of gendered pronouns being quickly incorporated after 1917 when the stakes moved from a specialty issue of interest to literary translators and linguists to one that involved institutionalizing the language and gender equality in general.Beyond its contribution to the field of Republican Chinese literature, this dissertation shows how relevant Chinese literary “pronominal politics” from 1917-1937 are to contemporary debates on inclusive writing and helps (re)place sinophone literature on the map of contemporary theoretical developments in pronoun studies, historical and comparative linguistics, translation studies, and feminist literary studies, where Anglo-European canonical works tend to remain overwhelmingly the focus of inquiry. / Doctorat en Langues, lettres et traductologie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished