Cultural, social, personal and psychological factors were identified by Rani (2014) as the four major influences on consumer’s buying behavior. While There are many studies about the personal values and consumer purchase behavior, but there is very little research to study Africa women’ consumer behavior, and in Zambia there is even less studies which are conducted to analyze their women’ values and their consumer decision-making styles. The purpose of this study is to explore Zambian women’ personal values and their consumption decision-making styles and how personal values influence their consumer decision-making styles in the context of human hair extension products. It is very important to analyze the consumer values of Zambia women and their consumer decision-making styles in the context of human hair extension, because the demand for hair extension in Zambia is growing fast and the hair extension has become a muti-billion dollars industry This paper had reviewed literature regarding consumer behavior, in specifically personal values and consumer decision-making styles. The LOV scale proposed by Kahle (1983) and the Consumer’s decision making styles proposed by Sproles and Kendall (1986) were adopted to analyze the inter relationship through methodology of multiple regression. The author conducted a descriptive analysis of the primary data collected by a field survey of research questionnaire toward Zambian women. All the questionnaires are distributed and collected at the main shopping malls and universities in Lusaka, Zambia. Through a series analysis of the sample by SPSS, the paper had detected all the list of values and decision-making styles of Zambian women. There are only two consumer values namely Security related with physical and financial safety and Self-fulfillment related with achievement of consumption which achieved a reasonable degree of reliability, and the consumer decision-making styles of Confused by Over-choice related with lacking ability of information analysis and Novelty-Fashion Consciousness related up-to-date fashion pursuit achieved a reasonable degree of reliability. The results reveal that the higher the value of Security, the greater the adoption of Novelty-Fashion Consciousness, and the higher the value of Self-fulfillment, the greater the adoption of Confused by Over-choice Decision-making Styles. However the Security value does not have any significant impact on the adoption of Confused by Over-choice Decision-making styles and the effect of Self-fulfilment value on Novelty-Fashion Consciousness is not significant.

O presente estudo listou e analisou a composição e a estrutura da comunidade de saturnídeos atraídos por luz da Estação Biológica de Boraceia (EBB), Salesóplis, São Paulo, Brasil. A EBB pertence ao Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZUSP) e compreende uma área de 96 ha, por sua vez localizada dentro do maior remanescente brasileiro de Mata Atlântica da atualidade. A fauna de Saturniidae foi levantada através de exemplares da coleção de Lepidoptera do MZUSP, sendo estes dados complementados com 13 meses de coletas recentes, entre 2012 e 2013, quando foram realizadas coletas noturnas de 12 horas, por quatro noites em cada mês. Adicionalmente, foi produzida uma lista de 114 espécies de Saturniidae coletados no bioma Mata Atlântica, para muitas das quais foram gerados registros fotográficos in situ e de exemplares montados. Os dados oriundos deste levantamento foram comparados com outros estudos sobre Saturniidae realizados no Brasil e demonstraram número elevado de espécies para EBB (119 espécies) quando comparado aos dados disponíveis de outros levantamentos, como os de Saturniidae do Rio Grande do Sul, do Paraná e do bioma (ou ecótono) Cerrado. Os dados das coletas recentes (2012-2013) foram comparados com a assembleia destes lepidópteros amostrada em 25 meses consecutivos durante os anos de 1948 a 1950. Esta comparação demonstrou que a riqueza e a uniformidade das espécies registradas recentemente (2012-2013) é significativamente próxima daquela registrada no período histórico (1948-1950). Alguns exemplares representaram novos registros de espécies para EBB, e algumas espécies foram coletadas exclusivamente em algum momento de todo o período histórico. A área de coleta demonstrou grande densidade de espécies do gênero Hylesia Hübner, 1920 com pelo menos 15 espécies (sendo destas 3 morfoespécies) coletadas em 1.158 exemplares. Estes resultados asseguram a importância do remanescente de Mata Atlântica da Serra do Mar para manutenção de espécies de Saturniidae e ainda, demonstram a significância da EBB para estudos faunísticos de insetos da Mata Atlântica. Algumas avaliações sobre as distribuições sazonal e circadiana dos exemplares coletados em 2012-2013 apontaram padrões que poderão ser utilizados para testar hipóteses de comportamento e biologia das espécies. As espécies apresentaram tanto distribuição restrita ao longo do ano, quanto foram mais amplamente distribuídas. Da mesma forma algumas espécies apresentaram altos picos de abundâncias em períodos restritos da noite, enquanto outras ocorreram em distintos horários. A avaliação da alternância de espécies ao longo do ano e ao longo da noite indicou que há alta alternância de espécies para ambos os ciclos, ressaltando a importância de um levantamento que se ocupe com coletas durante todos os meses do ano e durante todo o período noturno. Demonstrou ainda, que a flutuação de abundância das espécies agrupadas em cada uma das cinco subfamílias representadas nas amostras, seguem padrões tanto semelhantes, quanto contrastantes. / This study evaluated and summarized the composition and structure of the saturniid community attracted to light trapping in a remnant of Atlantic Rainforest of the Boraceia Biological Station (EBB), Salesópolis, São Paulo, Brazil. The EBB belongs to Zoological Museum of University of São Paulo (MZUSP) and comprises a 96 ha area located inside the largest Brazilina remananent of the Atlantica Rain Forest. The Saturniidae fauna of this reserve was inventoried based on the specimens deposited at the MZUSP, and it was complemented with 13 months of recently field samplings between 2012 and 2013. Complementary field sampling was based on nocturnal collections of 12 hours along four nights on each of the 13 months. As a result we listed 114 species of the family Saturniidae. Many species were photographed in situ, for illustration of the dorsal and ventral habitus of each species we used the pinned specimens of the collection. Comparisons with other inventories of Saturniidae conducted in different Brazilian localities were performed and demonstrated an elevated number of species in EBB when compared to the data available from other inverntories, from Rio Grande do Sul state, Paraná state and the Savana bioma. Recent field samplings (2012-2013) were compared with the assemblage of saturniids from 25 consecutive months between 1948 and 1950. This comparison demonstrated that the richness and the uniformity of the species recentelly registered (2012-2013) is similar to that from the historical period (1948-1950). Few specimens constituted new record for EBB and other few were sampled exclusively on the whole range of the historical period. The studied area indicated high density of species of Hyleisa Hübner, 1920 with at least 15 species (with three morphospecies) collected, distributed in 1.158 specimens. The results stress the importance of the Serra do Mar Atlatic forest remanent to the conservation of the species of Saturniidae and yet, demonstrate the importance of EBB for the study of insects from the Atlantic Rain Forest. The analysis related to the seasonality and circadian pattern of the recently collected specimens (2012-2013) can be further used to test hypothesis of behavior and biology of the species. The abundance of species showed distinct fluctuation along the year, while some had concentrated distribution, others were broadly sampled along several months. Similarly, some species presented high pics of abundance on restricted periods during the night, while other speces were sampled in several distinct periods. The evaluation of the interchange of species during the year and during the night indicated hight interchanging of species for both cicles, sazonal and cyrcadina, stressing the importance of inventories of Saturniidae with effort along the entire year and along the hole night period. The same evaluation also demonstrated that the fluctuation of the abundance of species grouped by subfamilies follow similar and contrasting patters depending on the subfamilies that are being compaired.

No description available.

M dwarfs are abundant and long-lived stellar objects. The formation of planets around stars in stellar systems is believed to be metallicity dependent. To determine the metallicity with synthetic spectrum analysis, the elements producing the absorption lines ofthe spectra first have to be identified. The aim of this thesis is to identify and list the elements or molecules that produce the absorption lines in the spectra of Barnard's star. This thesis was done at the Division for Astronomy and Space Physics at Uppsala University. High resolution infrared spectral data recorded in the J band 1.1–1.4 μm was downloaded from the CRIRES-POP database. The data had to be wavelength corrected due to the effects of Doppler shift. A modified IDL program was used to read the data files,normalize the flux to unity and plot the spectra. This procedure was also done with the telluric spectra using data from a solar flux atlas. The IDL program plotted the normalized spectra together in the same plot. With this procedure the absorption features originating from the earth’s atmosphere could be identified and discarded. The analysis of the spectral lines resulted in wavelength values which were tested against the VALD3 database to determine what elements were possibly responsible for the absorption features. The results are presented in a line list. It can be used with other software programs to determine the metallicity. The identified elements and molecules agrees in part with earlier measurements of stellar spectra from M dwarf stars except for a number of lines where no matching elements were found in the VALD3 database. A line list with possible elements in the photosphere of Barnard’s star can be constructed from the spectra using high-resolution infrared spectroscopy. / M dvärgstjärnor är de mest förekommande stjärnorna i vår galax. De har en mycket långlivslängd, vissa tusen gånger längre än vår sol. Det finns teorier om att planetbildning runt stjärnor styrs av halten av ämnen som inte är väte eller helium. Denna halt kallas metallicitet. För att på konstgjord eller syntetisk väg bestämma metalliciteten i Barnard’s stjärna, en M dvärg, behöver de ämnen som bidrar till absorptionslinjerna i fotosfären först identifieras. Målsättningen med detta arbete var att identifiera de grundämnen och eventuella molekyler som skapar absorptionslinjerna i spektrumet till Barnard’s stjärna. Detta arbete utfördes på institutionen för fysik och astronomi. Metoden använde ett modifierat IDL program för att läsa och plotta data. Högupplöst infraröd spektraldata från Jbandet (1.1–1.4 μm) till Barnard’s stjärna hämtades från CRIRES-POP databasen och data för det telluriska spektrumet från en databas med telluriska linjer. Därefter plottades de samtidigt i ett våglängdsöverlappande normaliserat spektra. I programmet gick absorptionslinjer som inte hade sitt ursprung i jordens atmosfär att urskilja manuellt. Då våglängderna för absorptionlinjerna bestämts, matades värden in i databasen VALD3. Analysen av de returnerade värdena från VALD3 genererade en resultatlista med de mest sannolika elementen för de olika absorptionsvåglängderna. Resultatlistan kan användas som ingångsvärde till program som syntetiskt beräknar metalliciteten. Resultaten överensstämmer till viss del med tidigare mätningar. Slutsatsen är att metoden med högupplöst infraröd spektral data kan användas för att bestämma en lista med element och molekyler från fotosfären i Barnard’s stjärna.

Este trabalho aborda a questão regional enquanto uma estratégia dos partidos na arena eleitoral. Ao acrescentar a dimensão partidária aos trabalhos que advogam pela regionalização dos distritos eleitorais de elevada magnitude, o intuito foi mostrar que é do sistema eleitoral, sobretudo da lista aberta, da magnitude e da estrutura da competição que emanam os incentivos à subdistritalização. Como uma perspectiva teórica alternativa à solução distributivista, o argumento é que o sistema eleitoral traz o elemento regional ao plano das decisões partidárias, isto é, a subdistritalização ocorreria em decorrência da ação intencional política que, com isso, garantiria a diminuição ou a ausência da competição intrapartidária no território. O resultado da análise da lista de candidatos brasileira reforça que o meio social e o político respondem aos fatores regionais, que influencia suas atitudes e estratégias. Por meio de uma dinâmica não política, mas geoespacial partidos encontram estratégias para lidar com as restrições institucionais a fim de atingir o sucesso eleitoral. / This thesis considers the regional question as a partisan strategy in the electoral arena. The goal is to show that from the electoral system, especially the open list proportional representation, the magnitude and the structure of the electoral competition, emanates the incentives for subdistricting. Therefore, partisanship is introduced, adding a new dimension to the scholarship that advocates for the regionalization of the high magnitude districts. When arguing that, in fact, parties decisions are influenced by regional elements which were fostered by the electoral system, this study pursues an alternative theoretical perspective to distributivism. Subdistricting is a byproduct of intentional political action, which, in turn, ensures the decrease or absence of intra-party competition over the territory. The findings based on the analysis of the list of candidates presented by parties in Brazil reinforces that the social and political environment responds to regional factors that influence their attitudes and strategies. Through a non-political, but geospatial dynamic, parties can strategically deal with the institutional constraints in order to achieve electoral success.

The diploma thesis deals mainly with the issue of calibration laboratories in a manufacutring company and calibration procedures for workshop gauges. The current state of the calibration laboratory in the organization is described in this thesis. Part of the creation of calibration procedures is the determination of measurement uncertainties and creation of a sample calibration sheet as a calibration output.

This Master’s thesis evaluates the economic situation during years 2004 – 2007. The main attention is paid to elementary methods, mainly to analysis of balance and list of profits and loss. These methods are used for financial analysis of company. On the basis of findings, this Master’s thesis includes proposals for improvement and valuation of the contributions of these proposals for the company.

The main objective of this master's thesis is to design the new conception of hydraulic drive of the baling press CPB 100 with application of modern tendencies in the field of hydraulic engineering. This thesis contains design and calculations of new hydraulic drive, hydraulic circuit diagram and the list of hydraulic elements that are used. Moreover this thesis includes the design of an electrical control and the design of hydraulic block and manifold.

Some problems in configurations of network devices are difficult to identify. Access control lists present an important part of many configurations. Conflicts among rules of an access control list can cause holes in security policy or quality of service. In this paper we focus on identifying and classifying conflicts among rules of an access control list. Discovering all possible types of conflicts is not a trivial task. We present optimized algorithm for complete access control list analysis using tries, based on existing research by Baboescu and Varghese. The tool for detecting conflicts among access control list rules of one given Cisco, HP or Juniper device using tries based algorithm has been implemented. Bit vectors in tries use WAH compression method to reduce memory consumption. Implemented tool was tested for correctness and performance. The hypothesis that this solution would make the analysis of access lists significantly faster has been proven.

Diploma thesis presents topic Classifying chemical reactions that was elaborated on the principle of inquiry based science education. The handbook for teachers, which is a part of the thesis, contains two variants of structured inquiry and two variants of guided inquiry. There are also methodical instructions for teachers, a list of chemicals, the procedure for carrying out the reactions and photo documentation of experiments, including measured graphs of pH and redox potential (PASCO probeware). Inquiry-based science education has the potential to develop key competences, which are becoming an important goal of education at all levels of education. The key competencies are included in the Czech curriculum, the Framework Educational Program for Grammar schools. The next part of the thesis was preparation of the questionnaire focused on developed key competencies. Students that performed laboratory session with the new developed material on topic classification of chemical reaction filled in the questionnaires after their work. The results showed that during the work students had the opportunity to develop five key competences.