O romance é um gênero pouco presente nos estudos críticos e bibliográficos dedicados a autoria negra no Brasil. Intervindo nesse cenário, o principal objetivo deste trabalho é tornar visível o conjunto de romances cujas autoras brasileiras são negras, reunindo suas obras dispersas num arco histórico que atinge três séculos. A leitura comparada evidenciou vários pontos de contato, dos quais emerge um pensamento partilhado pelas diversas narrativas. Os romances se aproximam entre si ao recorrerem continuamente a um mesmo solo histórico, que resulta na posse da História. Para tanto, desenham uma imagem crítica da nação ao apontarem a sua matriz colonial constitutiva. Maria Firmina dos Reis (Úrsula, 1859), Ruth Guimarães (Água Funda, 1946), Carolina Maria de Jesus (Pedaços da fome, 1963), Anajá Caetano (Negra Efigênia: paixão do senhor branco, 1966), Aline França (A mulher de Aleduma, 1981), Marilene Felinto (As mulheres de Tijucopapo, 1982), Conceição Evaristo (Ponciá Vicêncio, 2003) e Ana Maria Gonçalves (Um defeito de cor, 2006) reelaboram a modernidade brasileira, demarcando os lugares de poder e subalternidade, constituídos pela intersecção de gênero e raça. As obras reunidas nesta tese articulam uma inteligibilidade pluriversal, porque não apagam a presença da alteridade; transtemporal, porque o passado que formulam também produz significados para o nosso presente; e posicionada, porque articulam em seu bojo o rompimento do silenciamento sobre a voz da mulher negra. / The novel is a genre little present in the critical and bibliographical studies dedicated to black authorship in Brazil. Interfering in this scenario, the main aim of this work is to make visible the set of novels whose Brazilian authors are black women, gathering their works dispersed in a historical arch that reaches three centuries. The comparative reading revealed several points of contact, from which emerges a thought shared by the different narratives. The novels approach each other by continually resorting to the same historical soil that results in the own of History. To do so, they design a critical portrait of the nation by pointing to its constitutive colonial matrix. (1962), Maria Firmina dos Reis (Úrsula, 1859), Ruth Guimarães (Água Funda, 1946), Carolina Maria de Jesus (Pedaços da fome, 1963), Anajá Caetano (Negra Efigênia: paixão do senhor branco, 1966), Aline França (A mulher de Aleduma, 1981), Marilene Felinto (As mulheres de Tijucopapo, 1982), Conceição Evaristo (Ponciá Vicêncio, 2003) e Ana Maria Gonçalves (Um defeito de cor, 2006) rework the Brazilian modernity, defining the places of power and subalternity constituted by the intersection of gender and race. The works assembled in this thesis articulate their intelligibility under three aspects: pluriversal because they do not erase the presence of otherness; transtemporal because the past they formulate also produces meanings for our present; and positioned, because they articulate in their bulge the disruption of silence over the voice of the black woman.

This study examines the literary career of the eighteenth-century American poet Joel Barlow. Because Barlow, unlike his peers, came to fully embrace print-based methods of authorship and advertising, between 1790-1810 he emerged as the most widely read American poet. Employing a book studies methodology, this project focuses on the publication details surrounding each of Barlow's poems including: his relationships with his publishers, the physical shape and appearance of his works, the cost of those works, how those works were advertised, and the extent of their geographic distribution. The arc of Barlow's career was extraordinary. Barlow's development, his transformation from a standard eighteenth-century club poet who relied on manuscript circulation and oral performance in the 1770s to an international man of letters and a periodical fixture by 1800, highlights the possibilities and limitations of American literary publishing during the early national period. Importantly, Barlow's ability to emphasize, rather than elide, his personal identity in the press, forces scholars to reevaluate their notions of late eighteenth-century republican print culture. Barlow's career also impacts our reading of American literary history. In an age of caution and deference in American poetry, Barlow was driven to maximize his audience, publishing his poems across all price points and in every medium offered by the time. Barlow's efforts at self-promotion, coupled with his staunch republican politics, allowed his poems to take on a life of their own in the era's fiercely partisan press. Thanks to his association with the transatlantic republican movement and radical religious thinkers, this study suggests that poems such as the "Conspiracy of Kings," (1792) "The Hasty Pudding," (1796) and the Columbiad (1807) enjoyed audiences as large and as economically diverse as those of popular fiction. Even in an age marked by the rise of the novel and the beginnings of romanticism, An Ink-Stained Neoclassicist contends that Barlow's proto-mass audience reveals the persistent popularity and cultural importance of neoclassical verse in the intellectual life of many Americans at the turn of the nineteenth century.

Le point de départ de cette thèse est une interrogation sur la littérature contemporaine, sur le rapport qu’elle entretient avec la tradition littéraire et sur la figure auctoriale qu’elle bâtit. Les oeuvres de Gonçalo M. Tavares (1970), Enrique Vila-Matas (1948) et Henri Raczymow (1948), placées à la croisée de la fiction et de l’essai, proposent un dialogue intense avec la théorie littéraire. Le travail de ces trois auteurs européens peut en effet être lu comme une réponse aux problèmes posés par la théorie, comme ceux soulevés par les notions de « mort de l’auteur » et d’épuisement de la littérature. La présente étude cherche à trouver de nouveaux outils pour lire ces textes contemporains, tout en observant, en même temps, leur corrélation avec les débats qui ont animé les études littéraires dans les années 1960 et 1970. Pour guider cette démarche, j’ai choisi le dernier cours de Roland Barthes au Collège de France, La Préparation du roman, entre 1978 et 1980. Barthes y réfléchit sur son désir d’entamer une écriture qui rompt avec ses travaux précédents, et réalise une recherche sur la façon dont l’écrivain fait une oeuvre. Il y ébauche certaines notions qui restent pourtant dans un état sommaire. Mon travail consiste à les interroger, les problématiser et à les dépasser, afin de les projeter sur l’oeuvre de trois auteurs en activité. L’étude des oeuvres de Tavares, Vila-Matas et Raczymow me permet d’esquisser une nouvelle figure auctoriale, plus active que celle du lecteur/scripteur, et qui ne ressent pas le besoin de choisir entre la maîtrise totale du texte et la « mort de l’auteur ». Cet auteur devient un auteur-squatteur, qui occupe sa place à force de filiation. Il construit son autorité en l’insérant dans un « lignage », en tant que continuateur de la littérature. / The starting point of this thesis is an examination of contemporary literature, specifically, the relationship it establishes with the literary tradition and the figure of the author that is constructed by its discourse. The works of Gonçalo M. Tavares (1970), Enrique Vila-Matas (1948) and Henri Raczymow (1948), situated at the crossroads between fiction and the essay, embody an intense dialogue with literary theory. The works of these three European authors can be understood as a response to the problems raised by theory, such as the idea of the “death of the author” and the exhaustion of literature. This study seeks to set out new perspectives for reading these contemporary texts while considering, at the same time, the way in which they correlate with the debates that animated literary studies in the 1960s and 1970s. In order to guide this approach, I chose Roland Barthes’ final course at the Collège de France, The Preparation of the Novel, which took place between 1978and 1980. Barthes reflects upon his desire to create a form of writing that breaks with his earlier work and proposes an investigation of how a writer creates a work. He puts forward some concepts, although leaving them underdeveloped. My research consists therefore in problematizing and elaborating these concepts through turning them into approaches for analyzing the works of three authors in action. The study of the works of Tavares, Vila-Matas and Raczymow allows for a vision of a new literary figure, more active than the lecteur/scripteur and who does not feel the need to choose between the total mastery of the text and the “death of the author”. This author becomes a squatter-author, who occupies his place through his affiliations. He constructs his authority by integrating himself into a lineage, as a continuator of literature.

No description available.

<p><i>She Will Be: Literary Authorship and the Coming Woman in the Postbellum United States </i>argues that postbellum women writers deployed the figure of the Coming Woman, an archetype for the nation’s improved female future, to articulate expanded sociopolitical opportunities for women, interrogate prevailing standards of literary art, and validate their own literary pursuits. During the final decades of the nineteenth century, the American reading public became increasingly fascinated with identifying who the Coming Woman would be, what qualities she would possess, and how her arrival would alter the nation’s future. Such questions flooded US print culture in the decades between 1865 and 1900, demonstrating that the Coming Woman not only occupied a space between the antebellum True Woman and fin de siècle New Woman but also that she was a major feminine archetype in her own right.</p><p><br></p><p>Even so, existing scholarship on the Coming Woman tends either to identify the Coming Woman anachronistically as an early iteration of the New Woman or, when naming her directly, to overlook her complex function as both a harbinger and manifestation of manifold sociopolitical changes. These limited examinations elide the Coming Woman’s ubiquitous influence on postbellum literary culture, particularly in terms of the complex links Susan Coultrap-McQuin and Lawrence W. Levine have traced between middlebrow culture and postbellum national identity. <i>She Will Be</i> builds on recent scholarship by demonstrating how the American Coming Woman helped reshape notions of women’s literary authorship, modernity, and national identity in the late nineteenth century. By examining her literary life through four key middlebrow genres (<i>Bildungsroman</i>, sentimentality, utopianism, and regionalism), <i>She Will Be</i> reveals how female authors used the Coming Woman figure to imagine—and, indeed, write into being—an expanded vision for the US’s female future.</p>