A significant fraction of today's Internet traffic is associated with popular web sites such as YouTube, Netflix or Facebook. In recent years, major Internet websites have become more complex as they incorporate a larger number and more diverse types of objects (e.g. video, audio, code) along with more elaborate ways from multiple servers. These not only affect the loading time of pages but also determine the pattern of resulting traffic on the Internet. In this thesis, we characterize the complexity of major Internet websites through large-scale measurement and analysis. We identify thousands of the most popular Internet websites from multiple locations and characterize their complexities. We examine the effect of the relative popularity ranking and business type of the complexity of websites. Finally we compare and contrast our results with a similar study conducted 4 years earlier and report on the observed changes in different aspects.

Introduction of web technology have turned the current world into a global village and web design becomes a huge challenge to develop a website in a better way. To develop a user friendly interface and easy access environment of webpage is the key issue of usability in this field. Improved and user friendly interface of a web site is becoming more popular. There are so many mistakes being committed when a designer develops end users interface of a web site. The main purpose of usability in this field is to provide a user friendly, easy access environment. This paper reveals a guideline for usability of the website design.Most of the designer or developer thinks about their websites outlooks rather than thinking about users’ concern. If it becomes difficult to use their website, people won’t revisit their site. So if designers want to have a successful website, they have to ensure that their design fulfills the users’ requirement. The purpose of this paper is to indicate the existing common usability issues which are being overlooked by the designers and developers, and to provide some possible solutions to reduce these usability problems. It also suggests some simple but effective tips and techniques as well as some guidelines for website design that could be helpful for designer and developer if they keep these in mind during designing a website. The results of the paper specify that there should be the interest to designers and developers who are concerned about improvement of usability and more accessibility of their websites by users.In this thesis, I am committed to create the understanding on the aspects of usability principles suitable to make a user interface more acceptable to the users. This understanding will surely be a pilot project for upcoming future researches on the development of interface design. / Program: Magisterutbildning i informatik

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Idag så är webbapplikationer och så kallade hemsidor väldigt vanliga i alla typer av branscher. Alla företag och organisationer verkar ha minst en hemsida och/eller webbapplikation där de kan presentera sina idéer eller sälja sina produkter. Utbudet på webbapplikationer samt användningsvanan hos gemene man leder till att kraven på webbapplikationen avseende snabbhet och användarvänlighet har blivit högre. En undersökning som utfördes av Mercury News visar att om en hemsida tar mer än 3 sekunder att ladda så är risken hög att användaren överger sidan. Detta understryker hur viktigt det är med en snabb laddningstid. Denna studie fokuserar på hur en webbapplikation kan optimeras avseende laddningstid och användarvänlighet samt hur resultatet påverkar användares upplevelse vi användning av applikationen. Studien är baserad på en webbapplikation som är skriven med programmeringsspråket JavaScript och ramverket React.JS. Webbapplikationen använder sig av Unity som backend och Firebase som molnlagringsplattform. Optimeringsmetodiken är dock generell och kan därför även tillämpas på applikationer som är uppbyggda med olika teknologier, språk och ramverk. Studiens uppbyggnad är en litteraturstudie som används för att gagna den kunskap som behövs för att göra ett sådant projekt. Därefter en fallstudie som går igenom de exakta stegen som användes för att optimera webbapplikationens kodbas och till sist testas resultatet både av författaren och av olika ”icke tekniska” användare i en enkätundersökning. Den här studien visar på att det är av betydande skillnad för användaren när en webbapplikation är mer optimerad. / Today, web applications and so-called websites are very common in all types of industries. Every company and organization seem to have at least one website and/or web application where they can present their ideas or sell their products. The abundance of web applications and the common usage among users has led to higher demands for faster loading speeds and better user experiences of the web application. The Mercury News writes that if a website takes more than 3 seconds to load, there is a high risk of the user abandoning the page. [8] This reinforces how important it is to have a fast-loading time. This study focuses on how a web application can be optimized in terms of loading time and user experience, and how the result affects users’ opinions about the application. The study is based on a web application written in the JavaScript programming language and the React.JS framework. The web application uses Unity as its backend and Firebase as its cloud storage platform. However, the optimization methodology is general and can therefore be applied to applications built with different technologies, languages, and frameworks. The study is structured as a literature study that is used to gain knowledge about how to carry out the project. Then a case study is presented that goes through the exact steps used to optimize the web applications codebase. Finally, the results are tested by both the researcher and various “non-technical” individuals. The results of this study show that it makes a significant difference for the user when a web application is more optimized.

This study investigates the impact that loading animations have on perceived  performance. Two sets of usability tests were conducted to obtain the data for this study. In the first set of usability tests, 15 participants were observed. The second set was performed online with 45 participants who answered a questionnaire after using the prototype. Five different loading animations were tested: Spinner, Loading bar, a detailed animation, an animation with aquote and a skeleton loading screen. The participants were asked at the end of the usability tests to rate which one of the loading screens were the fastest and the slowest. Results suggested the kind of animation used in a loading screen does have an effect on perceived performance. The loading screen with no animation received a generally lower rating compared to the one with animations. Loading animations intended to entertain and distract the user received a higher rate compared to common loading animations such as Spinners and Loading bars.

Submitted by Mauri Marcelo Bevervanço Júnior (maurimarcelo@gmail.com) on 2017-09-26T18:52:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Trabalho de Conclusão - FGV EDSP - Mestrado em Direito dos Negócios - Mauri M. Bevervanco Jr..pdf: 4710915 bytes, checksum: 604b2e6038864d2bd2ed797ddfde48af (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Thais Oliveira (thais.oliveira@fgv.br) on 2017-09-26T19:11:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Trabalho de Conclusão - FGV EDSP - Mestrado em Direito dos Negócios - Mauri M. Bevervanco Jr..pdf: 4710915 bytes, checksum: 604b2e6038864d2bd2ed797ddfde48af (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-27T12:42:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Trabalho de Conclusão - FGV EDSP - Mestrado em Direito dos Negócios - Mauri M. Bevervanco Jr..pdf: 4710915 bytes, checksum: 604b2e6038864d2bd2ed797ddfde48af (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-29 / The present work analyzes an important provision of law n. 11.442 / 2007: the definition, in the text of the law of a time limit for loading and unloading of vehicles in road freight transport. In addition to setting the time limit, the law defines what remuneration is due to the carrier in case of delay. This institute is currently known as a estadia in the field of road freight transport. As shown in this study, the different legal frameworks of the estadia bring numerous practical consequences. In the absence of a more in-depth analysis by the doctrine and jurisprudence, the judicial decisions have given different types of treatment in the litigious cases involving the estadia. Therefore, relevant issues such as the statutory deadline and method of collection, the responsible for the payment, the need for proof of fault, and the possibility of free prior adjustment between the parties are therefore undefined. / O presente trabalho analisa uma importante disposição da Lei n. 11.442/2007: a definição, no próprio texto da lei de um tempo limite para carregamento e descarregamento de veículo no transporte rodoviário de cargas. Além de definir o tempo limite, a lei define qual a remuneração devida ao transportador em caso de atraso. Esse instituto é atualmente conhecido como estadia no ramo do transporte rodoviário de cargas. Como fica demonstrado neste estudo, os diferentes enquadramentos jurídicos da estadia trazem inúmeras consequências de ordem prática. Na falta de uma análise mais aprofundada por parte da doutrina e jurisprudência, as decisões judicias tem dado diferentes tipos de tratamento nos casos litigiosos envolvendo a estadia. Seguem indefinidas, portanto, questões relevantes, como o prazo prescricional e forma de cobrança, o responsável pelo pagamento, a necessidade de comprovação de culpa e a possibilidade de livre ajuste prévio entre as partes.

There are several areas of research that concern image quality in relation to performance as well as the "feeling of perceived security" on a webpage. The main purpose of this study is to find out to what extent image quality and performance (web page load time) can affect the sense of how secure and reliable a webpage feels, as well as how the experience can be affected by the lack of a good balance between image quality and performance. We also want to find out if any of those factors may be of gender-related significance. We have conducted a survey where respondents were asked to visit 3 similar example websites but with different image resolutions. The results based on our survey suggest that a good balance between image quality and performance both increases trust and provides a better user experience, although it does seem in general like people put more emphasis on the images being of a satisfying quality than to the fact that the page's loading time is short. We have thus concluded that one then regards web pages as more reliable, which increases the tendency to trust the page and complete a purchase, as well as to return to the page in the future. / Det finns flera områden inom forskningen som berör bildkvalitet i förhållande till prestanda samt även “känslan av upplevd säkerhet” på en sida. Syftet med denna undersökning är att ta reda på till vilken grad bildkvalitet och prestanda (webbsidans laddningstid) kan påverka känslan av hur säker och pålitlig en sida är, samt hur användarupplevelsen påverkas om det inte finns en god balans mellan bildkvalitet och prestanda. Vi vill även ta reda på om några av dessa faktorer kan vara av genusrelaterad betydelse. Vi har utfört en enkätundersökning där respondenter ombetts besöka 3 likadana exempel-webbsidor fast med olika bildupplösningar. Resultaten som baseras på vår enkätundersökning antyder att just en god balans mellan bildkvalitet och prestanda faktiskt både ökar förtroendet och ger en bättre användarupplevelse, även om det generellt verkar som om man lägger mer vikt vid att bilderna ska vara av god kvalitet än att sidans laddningstid är kort. Vi har därav dragit slutsatsen att man då upplever webbsidor som pålitligare vilket ökar benägenheten att lita på sidan och genomföra ett köp, samt att återkomma till sidan i framtiden.