Šio darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti vietos savivaldos modelio vystymąsi Lietuvoje ir Lenkijoje, pateikti geros praktikos pavyzdžius, kurie galėtu būti diegiami tobulinant Lietuvos savivaldos modelį, plėtojant jo teisinę bazę. Darbas suskirstytas į keturias dalis: Bendra vietos savivaldos teisės charakteristika Lietuvoje ir Lenkijoje; Savivaldos modelių analizė; Savivaldos institucijų veiklos administracinė priežiūra; Du modeliai: pasiūlymai dėl Lietuvos modelio plėtros. Pirmoje dalyje nagrinėjama dviejų šalių vietos savivaldos institucijų teisinės bazės raida, ypatingas dėmesys skiriamas konstituciniam reguliavimui. Analizuojamos tų aktų tobulinimo kryptys, pristatomi pagrindiniai savivaldos reformos Lietuvoje ir Lenkijoje etapai. Antroje dalyje pristatomi Lietuvos ir Lenkijos savivaldos modeliai, vietos savivaldos institucijų sistema, skirtingos savivaldybių institucinės struktūros taikymo galimybės. Apžvelgiama savivaldos institucijų modelių raida, jų tobulinimo perspektyvos. Pristatomi atliktų empirinių tyrimų rezultatai. Trečioje dalyje nagrinėjami vietos savivaldos institucijų veiklos administracinės priežiūros mechanizmo ypatumai, analizuojamos pagrindinės savivaldybių administracinės priežiūros įgyvendinimo kliūtys. Ketvirtoje dalyje teikiami pasiūlymai dėl Lietuvos savivaldos modelio plėtros, ypatingą dėmesį skiriant regioninio savivaldos lygio atsiradimui ir teritorinių savivaldybių reformai. Nagrinėjamas tiesioginių mero rinkimų įteisinimas, jų poveikis savivaldybės... [to full text] / The aim of this work is to analyze the development of the model of the local public administration in Lithuania and Poland as well as to provide the examples of good practice that could be inculcated into the improvement of the model of the public administration in Lithuania, and into the development of its law basis. The work includes four parts: general characteristics of law of the local public administration in Lithuania and Poland; analysis of models of the public administration; administrative supervision of the proceeding of the public administration institutions; two models: suggestions concerning the development of the Lithuanian model. In the first part the evolution of law basis of the two sides of the local public administration institutions is analyzed. Special attention is paid to the constitutional regulation. The directions to develop those acts are analyzed and basic stages of the reforms of the public administration in Lithuania and Poland are presented. The second part presents the models of the public administration of Lithuania and Poland, the system of institutions of the local public administration and different possibilities of application of the institutional structure to the local public administration. The third part deals with the peculiarities of the administrative supervision of the proceeding of the local public administration institutions. Basic holdbacks in implementation of the administrative supervision of the local public administration are... [to full text]

一、第一篇緒論說明研究的動機、目的、範圍與方法。 二、第二篇說明地方自治包含「住民自治」與「團體自治」二種原理，而基於這二種原理所發展出來的相關制度及我國憲法以該二項原理所設計的地方自治制度為何，後再整理地方自治的功能，說明何以地方自治制度成為全世界所普遍採用的制度。 三、第三篇主要探討地方自治權的本質為何？此涉及地方自治團體在國家法律秩序中的地位，特別攸關其與國家及地方人民間之相互關係。學說上認為地方自治權的本質有固有權說、授權說、制度保障說，及從人權保障觀點出發的新固有權說。本篇介詔各說之理論基礎與其發展興衰，最後乃分析我國地方自治的本質應採何說為宜。 四、第四篇與第五篇可以說是地方自治團體訂定地方自治法規的外在界限。本篇論述地方自治法規與憲法的關係，次篇則分析地方自治法規與中央法規及上級地方自治法規之關係。本篇首先詳細分析地方法規得否限制人民基本權利的問題，從理論，外國立法例分別加以說明，冀求探討出依據並建立其類型。 五、第五篇則先就地方自治法規的性質與效力加以說明，後則分析省縣自治法與直轄市自治法與國家法令發生衝突時的解決途徑，並以省與直轄市對人 事、主計、警政、政風四類一級主管人員任命權所產生的法律衝突為例，加以分析。次則敘及省法規與國家法令之衝突與解決，檢討現行台灣省法規準則規定的不當。省縣自治法制定後對省法規的改變與省法規和國家法律衝突的類型化與效力的優劣。六、第六篇，可謂係地方立法權的內在界限，說明地方立法權的對象是否應及於委辦事項？首先就日本與德國就自治事項與委辦事項之分類與性質加以說明。次就自治事項與委辦事項之區分，從學說、理論與實定法的規定加以分析，以定其區分標準。七、本篇為結論，乃綜合整理前述各篇重點，提出研究心得。

Genom att i praktiken se hur ett kommunalt bostadsbolag använder sig av belöningssystemsyftar denna studie till att få en bättre inblick i belöningssystemets användning ocheffektivitet. Vidare syftar studien till att bidra med en ökad förståelse och kartlägga hur ettkommunalt bostadsbolag kan begränsas och förhålla sig till de lagkrav som återges ikommunallagen (1991:900) och lag (2010:879) om allmännyttiga kommunalabostadsaktiebolag vid användningen av belöningssystem. Tre forskningsfrågor är formuleradeför att besvara studiens syfte. Studien är kvalitativ och genomfördes med en abduktiv ansats.Det har tillämpats ett hermeneutiskt synsätt för att tolka och förstå det material som samlats inoch datainsamlingen har skett genom semistrukturerade intervjuer samt en kvalitativinnehållsanalys. Vid analysen av intervjuerna tillämpades en tematisk analys med ettdeduktivt förhållningssätt. Temana fastställde vi med hjälp av den teoretiska referensramenoch studiens syfte. Resultatet av innehållsanalysen har lyfts fram i en tabell där kopplingarmellan de undersökta lagarna och belöningssystemets begränsningar redogörs.Det framkommer i studien att det undersökta bolagets belöningssystem inte verkar effektivt iden utsträckning som är möjlig. Det finns delar av belöningssystemet som är bristfälligt dåledningen beskriver en avsaknad av vissa belöningar som de motiveras av. Vidare finnerstudien att kommunallagen (1991:900) och lag (2010:879) om allmännyttiga kommunalabostadsaktiebolag i ett flertal punkter kan begränsa användningen av ett kommunaltbostadsbolags belöningssystem. / The purpose of this thesis is to gain a better insight into the reward systems utilization andefficiency, this through practice see how a municipal housing company uses reward systems.Furthermore this thesis aims to contribute to a better understanding and mapping how amunicipal property may be limited by the Swedish local government act (1991:900) in thedesign of its reward system. This thesis is qualitative and was conducted by using anabductive approach. It has applied a hermeneutical perspective to interpret and understand thedata that have been collected during the thesis. The data has been collected through semistructuredinterviews and a qualitative content analysis. For the analysis of the semi-structuredinterviews we have applied a thematic analysis with a deductive approach. The themes wereestablished with the help of the theoretical framework and the purpose of the thesis. The resultfrom the content analysis is presented in a table where links between the studied laws and thereward systems limitations.The thesis shows that the studied company's reward system does not seem to be as effective aspossible. The management is lacking in some certain rewards that they are motivated bywhich results that parts of the reward system is flawed. Furthermore the thesis finds that theSwedish local government act (1991:900) in more than one way can limit the use of amunicipal housing company reward system.This thesis is hereinafter written in Swedish.

MUNICIPAL AND REGIONAL PROCEDURE RULES Abstract The theme of work are municipal and regional procedure rules according to positive law. An important issue is legal nature and relevance of procedure rules according to positive law. The conclusion of this part of the diploma work is the negative and positive definition of the legal nature of procedure rules. The core of the assessment of the appropriatiness and legality of the specific procedure rules is the analysis of contemporary case law addressing the legal action against unlawful interference with the rights the question of right of a citizen of the county, eventually municipality to comment on individual agenda items discussed by the council. The specific procedure rules of various councils were analysed from the point of possible discrepancies with the law, redundant provisions copying the law or details concerning the implementation of the citizen rights to express their attitudes towards the issues discussed by the council. The conclusion of my work are suggestions de lege ferenda, which can be briefly summarized into three scopes. The first of all is an explicit statutory regulation of the obligation to publish the procedure rules in a manner allowing remote access. The second suggestion de lege ferenda is recommendation to add details on council...

Introduction: Corporate limits becoming more diffuse due to the globalization taking place and requirements for analytical strategies are becoming more fundamental parts of organizations. Business Intelligence systems are hot and not without reason, today's world is spinning faster and with a flow of information that is constantly increasing Business Intelligence promises to introduce a support that will render a better decision-making, something that everyone wants. Problem Discussion: The local government business has today demands from the Swedish School-inspection to analyze and create adequate target images to the school and students meet curriculum goals and guidelines. Therefore, local government activities has increasingly begun to implement Business Intelligence tools, with the purpose to facilitate strategic and operational decisions were the result plays an increasing role in today's society. Purpose: This study evaluates how the analysis tool Qlikview fulfills the function of monitoring and controlling the improved student achievement in public schools. Method: The evaluation has been conducted qualitative interviews with staffs that have leadership positions in each municipality and management and possess a deep knowledge of the analysis tool and its processes. Conclusion: The evaluation has shown positive effects on the monitoring and control of student performance through better control of school operations.

Diploma thesis focuses on marketing, specifically on marketing planning applied from its common form into local goverment. Theoretical part pursues basic elements of marketing and marketing implemented into the sphere of local goverment. Practical part analyses enviroment of local goverment, researches based on its citizens and visitors and drafting marketing plan.

Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Public Law / unrestricted

MPM / Oliver Tambo Institute of Governance and Policy Studies