Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:30:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 536018 bytes, checksum: b50bb7d23d5b30de21ba7e5b15e30059 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari, 1867) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), is ans important drawbacks for coffee plantations in Brazil. In Espírito Santo state it is considered the most serious pest of coffee plantations, however, studies on damage caused by H. hampei are scarce. In order to evaluate the damage caused by H. hampei in green and processed coffee and loose of quality of C. canephora, an experiment was carried out in three places in north of Espírito Santo state: Marilandia, Sooretama and São Gabriel da Palha. The coffee fruits were collected in plants infested with H. hampei, in 2008. The samples were divided in two groups: bored berries and no bored berries. The samples were dried in open place to obtain 12% of humidity. The treatments consisted of 1200 coffee fruits with nine levels of infestation: 0, 3, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, e 100 %. To obtain those treatments bored berries bored and no bored beries were mixed. The data were obtained by weighting the samples before and after procesing coffee. There was a significative reduction in the mass of coffee, in the three regions studied. A linear reduction of mass was observed when the levels of infestation were increased. The processed coffee differed in the three places. The highest means were in Sooretama field and the loses in the grain mass were estimated in 22,7% of the nominal value of the fruit infestation level while in São Gabriel da Palha and Marilândia this value was 19,3% and 17,9% respectively. The number of defects of the grain increased linearly, were for each level of fruit infestation there was an increase of 4.78 defects in the samples of São Gabriel da Palha and 3.65 defects in the fields of Marilândia and Sooretama. The coffee type was not altered until 5% of the fruit infestation in relation with the control. After 10% of the fruit infestation there were significant depreciation on the coffee type, causing from 1 to 6.8% de depreciation of the value of coffee. In conclusion, the wastes in the field with high infestations of coffee berie borer could be very important, mainly due the the looses of mass from the processed coffee. / A broca do café, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari, 1867) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), representa sério problema para a cafeicultura brasileira, e no Espírito Santo é considerada a pior praga para esta cultura. Apesar da importância atribuída a este inseto, existem poucos estudos que revelam os danos causados por H. hampei ao café conilon (Coffea canephora). Assim este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar os prejuízos causados pela broca do café relacionados a perda de massa do café em coco e beneficiado e na classificação do café quanto ao tipo, para a espécie C. canephora. Em lavouras de três municípios do norte capixaba, Marilândia, Sooretama e São Gabriel da Palha, no período de colheita da safra 2008 foram coletados frutos em plantas que apresentavam infestação por H. hampei. Os frutos foram separados em brocados e não brocados e posteriormente colocados para secar em terreiro de cimento até teor de água de 12% (+ou- 0,3). Os tratamentos consistiram de amostras de 1200 frutos com níveis de infestação de 0, 3, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, e 100% de brocados. Para alcançar estes valores os frutos brocados foram misturados aos n~ao brocados em proporções equivalentes a cada tratamento. Os dados foram obtidos através da pesagem das amostras antes e depois do beneficiamento. Houve perdas de massa significativas do café em coco e beneficiado, nas três regiões onde o trabalho foi realizado, nos diferentes níveis de infestação, havendo um aumento linear de perdas de massa de C. canephora à medida que os níveis de infestação por H. hampei aumentam. As perdas de massa ocorridas no café beneficiado foram diferenciadas nas três regiões avaliadas, sendo que na lavoura de Sooretama, com maiores médias, as perdas estimadas de massa dos grãos representaram 22,7% quando 100% dos frutos estavam infestados por H. hampei, enquanto que em São Gabriel da Palha e Marilândia este valor chegou a 19,3% e 17,9% respectivamente. O número de defeitos dos grãos aumentou de forma linear, sendo que para cada nível de infestação dos frutos, houve um aumento de 4,78 defeitos nas amostras da lavoura de São Gabriel da Palha e 3,65 defeitos nas lavouras de Marilândia e Sooretama. O tipo de café não alterou até o nível de 5% de infestação dos frutos com relação a testemunha. A partir de 10% de infestação dos frutos houve depreciações significativas no tipo de café, causando de 1 a 6,8% de desvalorização no preço dos grãos de café. Pode-se concluir que os prejuízos que ocorrem em lavouras com altos níveis de infestação podem ser bastante expressivos, principalmente devido a perda de massa do café beneficiado.

Topinambų (Helianthus tuberosus L.) gumbų laikymo sąlygų optimizavimas 2006 m. Lietuvos žemės ūkio universiteto pomologiniame sode išaugintoje topinambų veislėje ‘Swojecki’ tirta laikomų sandėlyje gumbų cheminė sudėtis. Standartiniais metodais žaliavoje nustatyti sausųjų medžiagų, tirpių sausųjų medžiagų, bendrojo, redukuojančių sacharidų bei sacharozės, žalios ląstelienos, žaliųjų proteinų, amino rūgščių kiekiai bei laikymo metu susidarę masės nuostoliai. Tyrimų duomenų vidurkiai bei standartiniai nuokrypiai statistiškai apdoroti programa „Microsoft Excel“. Skirtumų esmingumas (P≤0,05) apskaičiuotas programa „Statistica“. Nustatyta, kad po keturių mėnesių sausųjų medžiagų kiekis topinambų gumbuose, laikytuose polipropileniniuose maišuose, buvo 2,2 karto didesnis nei laikytuose durpėse ar smėlyje. Esminiai didžiausios tirpių sausųjų medžiagų, žalios ląstelienos ir žaliųjų proteinų kiekių netektys (atitinkamai 4,0%, 1,5 % ir 4%.) po keturių laikymo mėnesių nustatyta gumbuose, laikytuose polipropileniniuose maišuose. Esminiai mažiausi bendrųjų sacharidų ir sacharozės kiekiai nustatyti po dviejų mėnesių topinambų gumbuose, nepriklausomai nuo to, kur jie buvo laikyti. Esminiai didžiausi per visą tyrimo laikotarpį redukuojančiųjų sacharidų kiekiai nustatyti polipropileniniuose maišuose, laikytuose topinambų gumbuose. Visu tyrimų laikotarpiu daugiausiai laikomuose topinambų gumbuose, nepriklausomai kur jie buvo laikomi, buvo sukaupta nepakeičiamosios amino rūgšties arginino ir... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The chemical composition during storage of tuber in Jerusalem artichoke cv. ‘Swojecki’, grown on pomological garden of Lithuanian University of in 2006 was assayed. By means of Standard methods the quantity of dry substance, soluble dry substance, total, reducing sugar, sucrose, raw fibre, raw proteins, amino acids also mass losses were estimated. For statistic analysis arithmetic average and standard deviation was calculated using MC EXCELL. To evaluate data validity statistic (P≤0,05) program „Statistica“ were used. It was established, that after four storage month the amount of dry matter in tubers which have been storage in polypropylene bags was 2,2 time bigger if compare those with tubers in peat or sand. Essential largest losses amounts of soluble dry matter, raw fibre also raw proteins (correspondingly 4,0%, 1,5 % and 4%) have been estimated in tubers which were storage in polypropylene bags. According results the essential smallest amounts of total saccharides, also sucrose where accumulated in tubers after two moth independent where they have been storage. Essential largest amounts of reducing sugars during all storage period have been estimated in tubers which were storage in polypropylene bags. During all storage period independent storage method the largest indispensable amino acid arginine also replaceable glutamine and the smallest amounts of methyonine and tyrosine have been established. The smallest mass losses during all storage period have been identify... [to full text]

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:44:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4696.pdf: 2549685 bytes, checksum: 510bcd6962a875abd89fe14adf9b7429 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-14 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / The thematic of talent is accepted among the special educational needs (SEN) since the 70 s when it was at the Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional for the first time. This group of students hasn t received appropriated educational answers to their SEN that have been confirmed by the low dates from the school census. On the other hand, the disabled students are put with more emphasis in the special educational services at the common schools and special educational institutions. The students who present two SEN - disabilities or syndromes - can receive the services in the multiple disabilities. The students with twice special educational needs (TSEN), talent and hearing loses, aren t recognized by their abilities. The recognition of TSEN talent and hearing loses -, specifically at common schools, get a hard way in the inclusion process for the disabled students. This process involves others professionals as Libras interpreters, and specialists who works in the special rooms . This study aims to recognize the students with talent and hearing loses included at common schools. For this, the study was Exploratory and Case Study. Fifty-two (52) students took part of the study from both genders, and various grades of hearing lose enrolled in the junior high school and high school. Two schools were selected in the public system: School A (13 students enrolled in the state public school in the countryside of São Paulo); School B (29 students enrolled in the municipal system) located in the metropolitan area of São Paulo). The obtained results were: 1) Two (2) students were indicated at the School A, and 2) Four (4) students were indicated at the School B. For this, it s wished the results are traces for future studies to refine the gifted and talented students indications with hearing loses or others SEN. Also the indicated students don t get in the statistic dates only to increase them but the students receive educational services to develop their potentials. / A temática do talento é admitida entre as Necessidades Educacionais Especiais (NEE) desde os anos setenta quando entrou pela primeira vez na Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional. De um lado, este grupo de alunos não tem recebido respostas educativas adequadas às suas NEE, confirmado por ínfimos dados do censo escolar. Por outro lado, os alunos com deficiências são inseridos com maior ênfase aos serviços de atendimento educacional especializado, nas escolas regulares e em instituições especializadas. Os educandos que apresentam duas NEE, deficiências ou síndromes, podem receber os serviços na categoria de deficiência múltipla. Àqueles que apresentam talento e que tenham deficiência sensorial, perda auditiva, ou seja, Duplicidade de Necessidades Educacionais Especiais (DNEE) sequer são reconhecidos por suas capacidades. O reconhecimento da DNEE talento e perda auditiva -, especialmente em escolas regulares, torna-se caminho mais tortuoso pelo processo de inclusão dos alunos com deficiências o qual envolve outros profissionais como intérpretes de Libras, professores interlocutores e especialistas em Salas de Recursos. O presente estudo tem como objetivo reconhecer os alunos com talento e perdas auditivas incluídos em escola regular. Para tanto, valeu-se da pesquisa exploratória do tipo Estudo de Caso e atendeu aos aspectos. Participaram 52 alunos, de ambos os gêneros, e com variedade de graus de perdas auditivas matriculados nos ensinos fundamental e médio. Foram selecionadas duas escolas da rede pública: Escola A (13 alunos matriculados na Rede Estadual de Ensino), localizada no interior do estado de São Paulo e Escola B (29 alunos matriculados na Rede Municipal de Ensino), localizada na Grande São Paulo. Os resultados obtidos foram: 1) Na Escola A foram indicados dois alunos. e 2) Na Escola B foram indicados quatro alunos. Espera-se que os resultados obtidos sirvam de indícios para estudos posteriores para aprimorar a indicação de educandos dotados e talentosos com perdas auditivas ou outra NEE. Como também, que as indicações dos alunos não fiquem somente para engrossar dados estatísticos, mas que recebam respostas educativas para o desenvolvimento dos seus potenciais

This thesis is related to axial flux permanent magnet machines. The first part is describes the basic information about this type of machines. Main part is focused on design of the machine. For the purpose of the preliminary design there is mathematical model of the basic machine. This model is followed by finite elements analysis for the further evaluations and validation of the mathematical design. The last part is evaluating the loses of the machine ant its virtual efficiency.

Climate change has become one of the most debated environmental risks. The world is faced with the threat of weather variability. There has been an increase in the frequency and severity of extreme weather events. There is rising concern that weather losses might affect the sustainability of insurance businesses. The primary obective of the study was to ascertain the significance of changes in temperature, precipitation and wind speeds in explaining changes in weather-related claims.Furthermore the reseach had three key secondary objectives, firstly to find if changes in annual average temperature levels lead to changes in weather-related claims. Secondly to determine if average annual wind speeds lead to changes in weather-related loss .Thirdly to establish if the average changes in annual rainfall or precipitation levels lead to changes in weather-related claims. Quantitatively this study explored the relationship between climate change and weather losses in South Africa. Temperature, rainfall, and wind speed were the main weather variables analysed. Lack of properly recorded insured weather losses was the major challenge. Nonetheless, total economic weather losses were used as a proxy for insured weather losses.The analysis employed regression, cointegration and vector error correction models. Study findings showed that climate change is influencing weather losses. The existence of correlation and causality between weather variables and losses was also affirmed. Thus the insurance industry should comprehensively incorporate climate change into its business strategy to minimise exposure. / Business Management / M. Com. (Business Management)

De nos jours, la restructuration est une réalité incontournable qui contribue audéveloppement et à la compétitivité des sociétés in bonis. En général, elle résulte d’une décisionprise par les dirigeants sociaux. Toutefois, sa réalisation peut contrevenir à l’exécution des droits descréanciers antérieurs des sociétés concernées par l’opération. Pour préserver leurs droits, cescréanciers disposent de nombreuses mesures de protection issues aussi bien du droit commun quedu droit spécial. L’identification du fondement de cette protection, à savoir la force obligatoire desengagements pris avant la restructuration de la société débitrice, permet de vérifier l’efficacité decette protection. / Restructuring is a reality that contributes to the development and competitiveness ofcompanies in bonuses. It usually results from a decision taken by the companies executives. Itsimplementation, however, may undermine the enforcement of former creditors’ rights by thecompanies involved in the transaction. To preserve their claims, those creditors have manysafeguards from both the common law and the special law. The identification of the basis of suchprotection, namely the binding commitments made before the restructuring of the debtorcompanies, enable the verification of this protection’s effectiveness.

Táto diplomová práca je zameraná na preukazovanie vplyvov rôznych architektúr spätnej recirkulácie spalín na preplňované benzínové motory. Simulácie boli vytvorené v termodynamickom simulačnom programme GT-Power. Práca začína porovnávaním vplyvov spätnej recirkulácie na ustálené stavy motora, najmä z hľadiska spotreby, ktoré sú následne implementované do tranzientných modelov, simulujúc emisné testovacie cykly. Na konci práce sa venujem vplyvom spätnej recirkulácie na funkciu oxidačno-redukčného katalyzátora a na funkciu turbodúchadla.

The topic of this diploma thesis is large area heating and cooling systems. Theoretical part of this thesis is focused on thermal comfort of people in interier and on theoretical calculation of heat transfer and on large area heating and cooling systems. Second part is devided to two variants. First variant is design of a heating system in kindergarden with floor heating combined with plate heating radiators. Second variant is heating system with only plate heating radiators. As source of heat is used condensing gas boiler. Part of a design is preparation of hot water. Experimental part of the thesis contains measurements of coefficient of heat transfer in floor heating and wall heating.