Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:07:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_diego_severo_fraga.pdf: 981696 bytes, checksum: 8402f7a17f38638a74dfdc1e8398594d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-02 / Ryegrass is an annual cycle weed, found in virtually all winter crops, orchards and vineyards of Southern Brazil. The species is usually controlled by glyphosate, however, continued use of the product selected resistant biotypes. The managing with acetyl Coenzime A carboxylase (ACCase) enzyme inhibiting herbicides is the main alternative to control these species, which has not been satisfactory in some places, causing suspicion of being selected biotypes that are resistant to this herbicide group. The objective of this research was to evaluate the distribution of ryegrass biotypes resistant to ACCase enzyme inhibitors herbicides in Rio Grande do Sul (RS); assess by means of dose-response curves ryegrass biotypes resistant and susceptible to the herbicide fluazifop; estimate the fitness cost of susceptible and resistant biotype to fluazifop, and to investigate the competitive ability of these biotypes among themselves and with the wheat crop. Thus, seeds of ryegrass plants that survived applications of ACCase enzyme inhibitors were collected from farms in Northern RS, comprising 80 towns. The results showed that there were ryegrass resistant biotypes to the herbicide fluazifop when applied at the maximum dose of 125g a.i.ha-1 and stage specified by the manufacturer. Ryegrass biotypes have different levels of herbicide resistance, and the biotype of ryegrass TUC 11 has low-level resistance to the herbicide fluazifop. In the assessment of competitive ability and fitness cost it was found that the susceptible ryegrass and low level resistance, in general, have similar values for these variables. Wheat cultivar FUNDACEP Horizonte, in general, showed greater competitive ability than the low level resistance biotype and equivalent to the susceptible. / O azevém é uma planta daninha de ciclo anual, encontrada em praticamente todas as lavouras de inverno, em pomares e vinhedos da região Sul do Brasil. A espécie é normalmente controlada pelo herbicida glyphosate, no entanto, o uso continuado desse produto selecionou biótipos resistentes. O manejo com herbicidas inibidores da enzima acetil Coenzima A carboxilase (ACCase) é a principal alternativa para o controle dessas espécies, o qual não tem sido satisfatório em alguns locais, provocando a suspeita de que estejam sendo selecionados biótipos resistentes a este grupo de herbicidas. Assim, o objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar a distribuição dos biótipos de azevém resistentes aos herbicidas inibidores da enzima ACCase no Rio Grande do Sul (RS); avaliar, por meio de curvas de dose-resposta, biótipos de azevém resistente e suscetível ao herbicida fluazifop; estimar o valor adaptativo de biótipo suscetível e resistente ao fluazifop; e, investigar a habilidade competitiva desses biótipos entre si e com a cultura do trigo. Para isso, sementes de plantas de azevém que sobreviveram a aplicações de inibidores da enzima ACCase foram coletadas em lavouras na região norte do RS, totalizando 80 municípios. Os resultados demonstraram que existem biótipos de azevém resistentes ao herbicida fluazifop quando aplicado na dose máxima de 125g i.a.ha-1 e estádio indicado pelo fabricante. Os biótipos de azevém apresentam diferentes níveis de resistência ao herbicida, sendo que o biótipo de azevém TUC 11 apresenta resistência de nível baixo ao herbicida fluazifop. Na avaliação de habilidade competitiva e valor adaptativo verificou-se que os biótipos de azevém suscetível e com resistência de nível baixo, em geral, apresentam valores similares para estas variáveis. A cultura do trigo, cultivar FUNDACEP Horizonte, em geral, apresentou maior habilidade competitiva que o biótipo com nível baixo de resistência e equivalente ao suscetível.

M.Tech. (Chiropractic) / A myofascial trigger point is a hyperirritable point within a tight band of voluntary skeletal muscle. The condition causes levels of mild discomfort to intense pain to patients that usually results in loss of man hours and compulsory pain medication. Dry needling is the treatment of choice and other techniques are seldom considered. Dry needling therapy (DNT) is an effective tool in the chiropractic profession but comes with significant drawbacks, such as patients whom have needling phobias and patients who often experience post needling soreness are challenging to treat with DNT. Further and more serious risks include pneumothorax when needling the muscles over the lung fields, which also limits the treatment scope of DNT. Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is non-invasive and non-threatening to patients and could serve as an alternative to DNT. This study therefore aimed, to determine if LLLT could be an alternative treatment to DNT by comparing DNT to LLLT on a target group that all have active trapezius trigger point two myofascial trigger points. The group consisted of 40 participants with posterior trapezius myofascial neck pain caused by active myofascial trapezius trigger points. Participants were then randomly divided into two groups. Group A (20 participants) would receive DNT to the active myofascialtrapezius trigger point two (TP2) and group B (20 participants) would receive LLLT also to the active myofascial trapezius TP2. Participants would then be treated according to a set protocol, over a two week period with a total of four treatments. Subjective and objective readings were taken and noted on the first, third and fifth visits. Subjective data was collected from the visual analogue scale and the Vernon-Minor neck pain and disability index questionnaires. Whereas the cervical range of motion (CROM) and algometer readings provided the objective data.

Dans cette thèse, nous nous sommes proposé d'explorer les contributions relatives des caractéristiques de haut et de bas niveau des stimuli dans la catégorisation d'objet. Ce travail comporte trois études, chez l'homme et le singe. L'originalité de cette thèse réside donc dans la construction des stimuli. Notre première étude a visé à caractériser les corrélats neuraux de la reconnaissance d'images chez le singe en ECoG. Pour cela nous avons développé un protocole de catégorisation où les stimuli étaient des séquences visuelles dans lesquelles les contours des objets (information sémantique, caractéristique de haut niveau) étaient modulés cycliquement grâce à la technique SWIFT (créée par Roger Koenig et Rufin VanRullen) alors que la luminance, les contrastes et les fréquences spatiales (caractéristiques de bas niveau) étaient conservées. Grâce à une analyse en potentiels évoqués, nous avons pu mettre en évidence une activité électrophysiologique tardive en " tout ou rien " spécifique de la reconnaissance de la cible de la tâche par le singe. Mais parce que les objets sont rarement isolés en conditions réelles, nous nous sommes penchés dans une deuxième étude sur l'effet de congruence contextuelle lors de la catégorisation d'objets chez l'homme et le singe. Nous avons comparé la contribution du spectre d'amplitude d'une transformée de Fourier à cet effet de congruence chez ces deux espèces. Nous avons révélé une divergence de stratégie, le singe semblant davantage sensible à ces caractéristiques de bas niveau que l'homme. Enfin dans une dernière étude nous avons tenté de quantifier l'effet de congruence sémantique multisensorielle dans une tâche de catégorisation audiovisuelle chez l'homme. Dans cette étude nous avons égalisé un maximum de paramètres de bas niveau dans les deux modalités sensorielles, que nous avons toujours stimulées conjointement. Dans le domaine visuel, nous avons réutilisé la technique SWIFT, et dans le domaine auditif nous avons utilisé une technique de randomisation de snippets. Nous avons pu alors constater un gain multisensoriel important pour les essais congruents (l'image et le son désignant le même objet), s'expliquant spécifiquement par le contenu sémantique des stimuli. Cette thèse ouvre donc de nouvelles perspectives, tant sur la cognition comparée entre homme et primate non humain que sur la nécessité de contrôler les caractéristiques physiques de stimuli utilisés dans les tâches de reconnaissance d'objets. / In this thesis, we explored the relative contributions of high level and low level features of stimuli used in object categorization tasks. This work consists of three studies in human and monkey. The originality of this thesis lies in stimuli construction. Our first study aimed to characterize neural correlates of image recognition in monkey, using ECoG recordings. For that purpose we developped a categorization task using SWIFT technique (technique created by Roger Koenig and Rufin VanRullen). Stimuli were visual sequences in which object contours (semantic content, high level feature) were cyclically modulated while luminance, contrasts and spatial frequencies (low level features) remained stable. By analyzing evoked potentials, we brought to light a late electrophysiological activity, in an " all or none " fashion, specifically related to the target recognition in monkey. But because in real condition objects are never isolated, we explored in a second study contextual congruency effect in visual categorization task in humans and monkeys. We compared the contribution of Fourier transform amplitude spectrum to this congruency effect in the both species. We found a strategy divergence showing that monkeys were more sensitive to the low level features of stimuli than humans. Finally, in the last study, we tried to quantify multisensory semantic congruency effect, during a audiovisual categorization task in humans. In that experiment, we equalized a maximum of low level features, in both sensory modalities which were always jointly stimulated. In the visual domain, we used again the SWIFT technique, whereas in auditory domain we used a snippets randomization technique. We highlighted a large multisensory gain in congruent trials (i.e. image and sound related to the same object), specifically linked to the semantic content of stimuli. This thesis offers new perspectives both for comparative cognition between human and non human primates and for the importance of controlling the physical features of stimuli used in object recognition tasks.

This thesis provides a novel architecture for the creation and management of virtual multimedia adaptation services offered by a multimedia-enabled cloud. The aim of the proposed scheme is to provide an optimal yet a transparent user access to adapted media contents while isolating them from the heterogeneity of the utilized devices, diversity of media formats, as well as the details of the adaptation services and performance variations of the underlying network. This goal is achieved through the development of service virtualization models that provide various levels of abstraction of the actual physical services and their performance parameters. Such virtual models offer adaptation functions by comprising adaptation services with accordance to their parameters. Additionally, parameters describing the functional specifics of the adaptation functions, as well as multimedia content features, are organized into a hierarchical structure that facilitates extraction of the virtual models capable of satisfying the conditions expressed by the user requests. At the same time the paramter/feature organization structure itself is flexible enough to allow users to specify media delivery requests at various levels of request details (e.g., summarize video vs. drop specific frames). As a result, in response to a user request for a multimedia content, an optimal virtual service adaptation path is calculated, describing the needed media adaptation operations as well as the appropriate mapping to the physical resources capable of executing such functions. The selection of the adaptation path is done with the use of a novel performance-history based selection mechanism that takes into account the performance variations and relations of the services in a dynamically changing environment of multimedia clouds. A number of experiments are conducted to demonstrate the potential of the proposed work in terms of the enhanced processing time and service quality.

Este estudo é um ensaio clínico randomizado duplo-cego que avaliou a influência do laser de baixa intensidade (LBI) na movimentação ortodôntica de caninos superiores e inferiores, comparando-os aos caninos contralaterais não irradiados (controle). Foram selecionados 11 pacientes, portadores de má oclusão de Classe I com indicação de extração dos primeiros pré-molares superiores e inferiores. O laser infravermelho de baixa intensidade foi aplicado após a ativação da retração inicial dos caninos, realizada através de mola NiTi com uma força de 150g. A aplicação do laser foi realizada em 10 pontos (5 por vestibular e 5 por lingual) nos caninos superiores e inferiores, utilizando o seguinte protocolo, em dose única mensal: canino inferior por vestibular e lingual e canino superior por vestibular Comprimento de onda de 780nm; Potência de 40mW; densidade de energia de 10J/cm2; 10 segundos por ponto; energia por ponto de 0,4J, uma energia total de aplicação de 4J para o canino inferior e 2J por vestibular dos caninos superiores e para o canino superior por palatino o protocolo foi - Potência de 70mW; densidade de energia de 35J/cm2; 20 segundos por ponto; 1,4J de energia por ponto, energia total de 7J por palatino e total de 9J para o canino superior. A retração durou 3 meses, num total de 3 aplicações de laser. Para mensuração da quantidade de movimentação dos caninos retraídos, medições clínicas mensais foram realizadas com paquímetro digital, logo após as extrações dentárias e antes de cada aplicação do laser. Para comparação da velocidade da movimentação ortodôntica entre os lados irradiado e não irradiado nos três períodos avaliados, foi empregada a Análise de Variância a um critério de medidas repetidas, seguida do Teste de Tukey. Para verificação da integridade tecidual, foram efetuadas radiografias periapicais iniciais e finais dos caninos retraídos, nas quais foram avaliados uma possível reabsorção na crista alveolar, por meio da distância da crista óssea alveolar até a junção cementoesmalte e os níveis de reabsorção radicular, por meio do índice de Levander e Malmgreen. Para isto, foi empregado o teste não paramétrico de Wilcoxon. Em todos os testes adotou-se nível de significância de 5%. Os resultados demonstraram que não houve diferença estatisticamente significante na velocidade de retração dos caninos irradiados comparados aos não irradiados, em nenhum dos períodos avaliados. Em relação à influência do LBI nos níveis de reabsorções radiculares e ósseas, não foram encontradas diferenças significantes entre os grupos estudados. Concluiu-se assim que o LBI, no protocolo utilizado, não foi eficiente na aceleração da movimentação dentária e não promoveu danos aos tecidos de suporte do dente. / This study is a double-blind randomized clinical trial that evaluated the influence of low-intensity laser on orthodontic movement of upper and lower canine teeth, compared to the non- irradiated contralateral canines (control). Eleven patients with Class I malocclusion with indication of extraction of the first upper and lower premolars were selected. The infrared low-level laser was applied after the activation of initial retraction of the canine teeth, performed with NiTi coil springs with force of 150g. The laser application was performed in 10 points (5 buccal and 5 lingual) in the upper and lower canines, using the following protocol, in an only monthly dose: Lower canine buccal and lingual and upper canine buccal 780 nm wavelength; 40mW power; an energy density of 10 J/cm2; 10 seconds per point; energy per point 0,4J, a total energy of 4J applying to the lower canine and 2J the buccal of the upper canines and upper canine palatally - 70mW of power; an energy density of 35J/cm2; 20 seconds per point; 1,4J energy per point, the total energy 7J and total 9J to the upper canine. The retraction lasted three months, a total of three laser applications. To measure the amount of movement of canines retracted, monthly clinical measurements were made with a digital caliper (Mitutoyo - Japan), after tooth extractions and before each laser application. To compare the speed of orthodontic tooth movement between the irradiated and non- irradiated sides at the three movement stages, repeated measures one-way analysis of variance was used, followed by the Tukey test. For evaluation of tissue integrity, initial and final periapical radiographs of retracted canines were obtained, to evaluate a possible alveolar crest resorption by assessment of the distance from the alveolar bone crest to the cementoenamel junction, as well as the level of root resorption by the Levander and Malmgreen index, which was evaluated only on retracted canines. The nonparametric Wilcoxon test was applied for that purpose. In all tests we adopted a significance level of 5%. The results showed no statistically significant difference between the amount of retraction of the irradiated canines compared to the nonirradiated ones, in all evaluated periods. Regarding the influence of LLL in the levels of root and bone resorption, no significant differences between groups were found. It was therefore concluded that LLL in the protocol used was not effective in the acceleration of tooth movement and did not cause damage to the supporting tissues of the tooth.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2015-07-27T13:21:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Tereza Barufi Franco.pdf: 4866107 bytes, checksum: ed3e675a1fc6ca76bcd7853ae5fb75d2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-27T13:21:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Tereza Barufi Franco.pdf: 4866107 bytes, checksum: ed3e675a1fc6ca76bcd7853ae5fb75d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-10 / The Bothropoides and Bothrops gender are responsible for the largest number of snakebites in Brazil, presenting serious systemic effects that induce pathophysiological alterations characterized by local reactions such as edema , myonecrosis, pain and hemohrrage. The antivenom is used to neutralize the greatest possible amount of circulating venom, minimizing its systemic effects. But its action does not extend to local manifestations. The low level laser therapy is an alternative treatment in situations of local lesions due to its biological effects, and is considered a biostimulate resource to the tissues . The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of low power laser -red wavelength of 660 nm, and the infrared laser- wavelength 780 nm, in endothelial cells submitted to injury by Bothropoides jararaca venom. The results showed that the snake venom affected the integrity of endothelial, in all concentrations (1, 5, 10, 12,5, 25 and 50 µg/mL); and affected the viability of endothelial cell in 10 µg/ mL at all time periods analyzed . To evaluate the protective effect of the laser, the dose of 4 J/cm2 reduced the detachment of endothelial cells by improving cellular integrity . This effect was observed in a wavelength of 660 nm at 60 and 120 minutes. The same effect was not observed with the wavelength of 780 nm. So, the present study allowed us to better understand the pathophysiological effects of Bothropoides venom, and contributed to a better understanding of the effects of low power laser and eventually facilitate therapeutic measures more efficient and / or complementary. / As serpentes do gênero Bothrops e Bothropoides são as responsáveis pelo maior número de acidentes ofídicos no Brasil, apresentando efeitos sistêmicos graves, além de induzirem um quadro fisiopatológico caracterizado por reações locais como edema, mionecrose, dor e hemorragia. A utilização do soro antibotrópico desempenha a função de neutralizar a maior quantidade possível do veneno circulante, minimizando assim seus efeitos sistêmicos, porém sua ação não se estende as manifestações locais. A laserterapia de baixa potência é uma alternativa de tratamento em situações de lesão local, devido a seus efeitos biológicos, sendo considerado um recurso bioestimulante em tecidos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o efeito do laser de baixa potência vermelho- comprimento de onda de 660 nm; e o laser infravermelho- comprimento de onda 780 nm, em monocamada de células endoteliais submetidos à lesão por veneno de Bothropoides jararaca. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o veneno, afetou a integridade das monocamadas de células endoteliais em todas as concentrações analisada (5, 10, 12,5, 25 e 50L/mL) em todos os períodos de tempo analisados. Para avaliação do efeito protetor do laser, a dose usada de 4 J/cm2 reduziu o descolamento de células endoteliais melhorando assim a integridade celular. Esse efeito foi observado nos comprimentos de onda de 660 nm nos tempos de 60 e 120 min, o mesmo efeito não foi observado com o comprimento de onda 780 nm. Desta forma, este estudo permitiu entender melhor os efeitos fisiopatológicos do envenenamento botrópico, bem como contribuiu para a melhor compreensão dos efeitos do laser de baixa potência e, eventualmente, favorecer medidas terapêuticas mais eficientes e/ou complementares.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2016-05-25T15:15:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo De Paula A. Silva.pdf: 1359289 bytes, checksum: 66f728710648b9c4449814ffd48d121f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-25T15:15:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo De Paula A. Silva.pdf: 1359289 bytes, checksum: 66f728710648b9c4449814ffd48d121f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-18 / Monoarthritis (MA) is caused by single-joint inflammation and represents a considerable public health problem worldwide. To evaluate this pathology two protocols were used (P1 and P2). In P1, the effects of low level laser therapy (LLLT) in the influx of inflammatory cells, the release of inflammatory mediators, metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the process of intra-articular repair, were evaluated. In P2 the combination of exercise training (ET) and the LLLT were used to evaluate systemic changes using the heart rate variability (HRV) and local joint changes in experimental model of monoarthritis induced by zymosan. In both protocols male Wistar rats (220-280 g) was used. Rats received intra-articular injection of zymosan (1 mg / 50 mL of sterile saline) into the right knee. P1 rats were irradiated immediately, 1 hour and 2 hr after zymosan administration with LLLT (660 nm, 10 mW, 2,5 J / cm2, 10 s). In the positive control group, rats were injected with Dexamethasone (antiinflammatory agents) 1 hr before zymosan.administration. P2 rats were adapted to the treadmill (10 min / d 0.3 5 km / h) after 48 h the zymosan was administrated and the moderate ET and LLLT (660 nm, 5 mW, 2,5 J/cm2, 20s, 0.04 cm2, 0.1 w/cm2) was applied. The LLLT was applied twice a week, always before TF, during 4 weeks. Our results demonstrated that in P1 LLLT treatment significantly inhibited the influx of leukocytes, release of IL-1 and IL-6 and also metalloproteinase activity 2 to 9. In P2 the measurement of arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate variability (HRV) was measured. Trained rats had lower body weight, increased maximum speed racing and lower heart rate compared to the sedentary groups. Furthermore, ET rats showed an increase in pulse interval (PI) and decrease in the low frequency band (LF) and the systolic arterial pressure variance (VAR SAP) compared to sedentary group MA. ET associated with LLLT also showed a decrease in (LF) and Reason of Band High Frequency / Low Frequency (HF/LF), increase VAR SAP, variance RR (VAR-RR) e HF. compared to the sedentary group with MA. In addition, there was an improvement in functional capacity and a decrease of leukocyte influx in the joint cavity. Histological analysis showed a histoarchitecture preserved the synovial membrane and a reduction in collagen deposit in the groups with ET and ET associated and LLLT compared to the sedentary group with MA. ET and LLLT caused a reduction in the release of IL-1β in synovial fluid and synovial membrane. Furthermore, IL-10 was increased in the group association of ET and LLLT. LLLT was effective in reducing inflammation and inhibits activation of proteases (gelatinase), suggesting less degradation of collagen tissue in an experimental model. In MA occurs an imbalance of the sympathetic system, suggesting an early autonomic involvement. A moderate ET program associated with LLLT may have beneficial effects on the cardiovascular autonomic balance and improved functional capacity. With regard to deleterious effects in the rat knee, ET and LLLT association was effective in protecting the joint in an experimental model of monoarthritis, leading to an improvement in the regulation of inflammatory cytokines and better intra articular histoarchitecture organization. / A monoartrite (MA) é causada por inflamação monoarticular e representa considerável problema de saúde pública em todo o mundo. Para avaliação desta patologia utilizou-se dois protocolos (P1 e P2). Em P1 foi avaliado o efeito da terapia a laser de baixa potência (LBP) no influxo de células inflamatórias, a liberação de mediadores inflamatórios, as metaloproteinases (MMPs) e o processo de reparação intra-articular. Em P2 ocorreu associação do treinamento físico (TF) e o LBP para avaliarmos alterações sistêmicas utilizando a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) e as alterações articulares locais em modelo experimental de monoartrite induzida com zymosan. Em ambos os protocolos utilizou-se Ratos Wistar machos (220-280 g) que receberam injeção intra-articular de zymosan (1 mg / 50 mL de uma solução salina estéril) no joelho direito. Em P1 os ratos foram irradiados imediatamente, 1 h, e 2 h após a administração de zymosan com LBP (660 nm, 10 mW, 2,5 J / cm2, 10 s). No grupo de controlo positivo, os animais foram injetados com a dexametasona (fármacos anti-inflamatórios) 1 h antes da administração de zymosan. Em P2 os ratos foram adaptados à esteira (10 min/d, 5 d e 0,3 km/h), 48 h após ocorreu a administração de zymosan seguindo da continuidade do TF moderado e LBP (660 nm, 5 mW, 2,5 J/cm2, 20s, 0.04 cm2, 0.1 w/cm2) duas vezes por semana, sempre antes do TF, durante 4 semanas.Os resultados demonstraram que em P1 o tratamento com o LBP inibiu significativamente o influxo de leucócitos, a libertação de IL-1 e IL-6 e também a atividade de metaloproteinase 2 e 9. Em P2 ocorreu a mensuração da pressão arterial (PA) e variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC). Ratos treinados apresentaram menor peso corporal, aumento da velocidade máxima de corrida e menor frequência cardíaca em comparação com os grupos sedentários. Além disso, ratos submetidos a TF mostraram um aumento de Intervalo de Pulso (IP) e diminuição na Banda de Baixa Frequência (BF) e Variância da Pressão Arterial Sistólica (VAR PAS) em relação ao grupo sedentário com MA. Os ratos submetidos a TF associado ao LBP também mostraram uma diminuição na (BF) e na Razão da Banda de Alta Frequência / Baixa Frequência (AF / BF), um aumento de VAR PAS, Variância RR (VAR-RR) e AF em relação ao grupo sedentário com MA. Além destes ocorreu melhora na capacidade funcional e uma diminuição de influxo leucocitário na cavidade articular. A análise histológica mostrou uma histoarquitetura preservada da membrana sinovial e uma redução do deposito de colágeno nos grupos com TF e associação TF e LBP em comparação ao grupo sedentário com MA. TF e LBP causaram uma redução na liberação de IL-1β no líquido sinovial e membrana sinovial. Além disso, a IL-10 foi aumentada no grupo com associação de TF e LBP. A terapia com LBP foi eficaz na redução do processo inflamatório e inibe a ativação de proteases (gelatinase), sugerindo menor degradação do tecido de colágeno no modelo experimental. Além disso, na MA ocorre um desequilíbrio do sistema simpático, o que sugere um envolvimento autonômico precoce. Um programa de TF moderado associado ao LBP pode exercer efeitos benéficos no balanço autonômico cardiovascular e melhora da capacidade funcional. Quanto aos efeitos deletérios nos joelhos dos ratos. Associação de TF e LBP foi eficaz na proteção da articulação em modelo experimental de monoartrite, levando a uma melhora na regulação de citocinas inflamatórias e melhor organização histoarquitetura intra articular.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2018-06-19T18:27:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Terezinha Aparecida de Almeida.pdf: 739598 bytes, checksum: 0b0c7aabccbc5f5868d542f6e63d53f0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-19T18:27:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Terezinha Aparecida de Almeida.pdf: 739598 bytes, checksum: 0b0c7aabccbc5f5868d542f6e63d53f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-16 / Interactions between the muscle and macrophages which invade it after an injury occurs are crucial to the evolution of repair in this tissue. On the other hand, low intensity laser (LLLT) has long been used in the treatment of such lesions, both in clinical and experimental settings; however, little is known about its effects on macrophages. The objective of this project was to evaluate the effect of irradiation with red and infrared laser on the activation state of M1 and M2a phenotypes of macrophages. For this purpose, J774 macrophage cultures were treated with polarizing agents (LPS and IFN-y or IL-4) for 24 hours and were then irradiated with 2 wavelengths of LLLT – 780 nm and 660 nm – in the same dosimetric parameters (70mW; 17.5J/cm2; 0.8J). After 24 hours of incubation, the activation state was checked by MTT technique. In each experimental situation, non-irradiated cells served as controls, and three independent experiments were performed. Laser irradiation with 780 nm proved able to decrease the activation of macrophages polarized for M1 phenotype and increase activation of M2a profile macrophages. Laser irradiation with 660 nm slightly intensified the state and activation of M1 macrophages, while significantly increasing the activation state of M2a profile macrophages. Although it is not possible to establish a relationship between the results of in vitro studies and future clinical outcomes, and the effects of laser irradiation on other macrophage phenotypes still need to be assessed, data from this study suggest that red and infrared laser could have different results when used in the different stages of muscle repair. / As interações entre o músculo e os macrófagos que o invadem após a ocorrência da lesão são determinantes para a evolução do reparo deste tecido. Por outro lado, o laser em baixa intensidade (LBI) tem sido muito utilizado no tratamento destas lesões no âmbito clínico e no experimental, mas pouco se conhece a respeito dos seus efeitos sobre os macrófagos. O objetivo deste projeto foi avaliar o efeito da irradiação com laser vermelho e infravermelho sobre o estado de ativação de macrófagos de fenótipo M1 e M2a. Para tanto, culturas de macrófagos J774 foram tratadas com agentes polarizadores (LPS e IFN-y ou IL-4) por 24h e então irradiadas com LBI em 2 comprimentos de onda 780nm e 660nm nos mesmos parâmetros dosimétricos (70mW; 17,5J/cm2; 0,8J). Após 24h de incubação, o estado de ativação foi verificado por meio da técnica MTT. Em cada situação experimental, células não irradiadas serviram como controle, sendo realizados três experimentos independentes. A irradiação com laser de 780 nm mostrou-se capaz de diminuir a ativação de macrófagos polarizados para fenótipo M1 e aumentar a ativação de macrófagos de perfil M2a. Já a irradiação com laser de 660 nm intensificou ligeiramente o estado e ativação dos macrófagos M1 e aumentou de maneira significante o estado de ativação de macrófagos de perfil M2a. Embora não se possa estabelecer uma relação entre resultados de estudos in vitro e desfechos clínicos futuros e ainda exista necessidade de avaliar os efeitos da irradiação laser nos outros fenótipos de macrófagos, os dados do presente estudo sugerem que os lasers vermelho e infravermelho pode trazer resultados diferentes quando utilizados nas diferentes fases do reparo muscular.

Quantification of human DNA in forensic samples is an important step during STR profiling because the STR genotyping is sensitive to the quantity of DNA used in the PCR reaction. This study focuses on the importance of quantification in the entire process of genetic analysis. Two real time PCR platforms (Roche LightCycler480 System and ABI 7900 RT PCR) were used to compare two commercial kits in terms of DNA quantification. It was found out that accuracy of absolute quantification values in commercial quantification kits is strongly dependent on the construction of calibration curve. Especially low template DNA samples were used to assess whether QuantifilerTM or Plexor® HY System can determinate a minimum quantification value (cut off value) below which STR profiles would consistently fail to be detected. The usage of Plexor® HY System enabled to determine the cut off quantification value more exactly probably due to different molecular background and chemistry used in this kit. Reliability and other issues connected with cut off value are discussed. In order to better understand the relationship between the quantity of DNA and the number of detectable loci series the dilution experiment with standard DNA007 was done. Quantitative and qualitative consequences of input DNA amount in evaluation of...

Introduktion: Det Muskuloskeletala systemet består av skelettmuskulatur, nervsystem och skelett. Systemet bidrar till att kroppen kan röra sig. Muskelskador kan uppkomma genom direktvåld mot muskeln eller kraftig uttöjning och skadan bidrar till smärta och svullnad. Vanliga behandlingsmetoder på muskelskada är NSAID och andra fysioterapeutiska interventioner. Low- level laser therapy (LLLT) har senaste tiden fått ökad acceptans och blivit mer intressant. LLLT används med varierad dosering för att stimulera cellfunktion, minska smärta och påskynda läkningsprocessen. Tidigare studier visar varierat resultat av LLLT på muskelskador, därför vill vi undersöka den beprövade erfarenheten, eftersom det inte undersöks vetenskapligt utan finns bland klinikerna. När LLLT utförs med den mest gynnsamma dosen har behandlingen en pålitlig och biologisk verkan på muskelvävnad. Vi vill se om fysioterapeuters upplevelse av LLLT speglar tidigare forskning. Syftet: med studien är att undersöka fysioterapeuters subjektiva upplevelse och erfarenhet av low-level laser therapy (LLLT) som behandlingsmetod vid muskelskada. Metod: Studien är en kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie med en online enkät. 30 Leg. Fysioterapeuter med mer än 1 års erfarenhet av LLLT deltog. Fysioterapeuterna rekryterades via 2 portaler och mejlutskick. Resultat: Majoriteten av fysioterapeuterna anser att LLLT är en adekvat behandlingsmetod på muskelskada och patienter upplevs nöjda. Fysioterapeuterna hade varierade upplevelser med en antydan till samband mellan upplevd effekt och dosering (J) på muskelskada som kunde noteras. Konklusion: Enligt de deltagande fysioterapeuterna har LLLT effekt på muskelskada och anses vara en adekvat behandlingsmetod. Det finns en antydan till ett visst samband mellan hänsynstagandet till dos och effekten.