Univ., Magisterarbeit--Köln, 2007.

Zugl.: Köln, Univ., Magisterarbeit, 2007

Zugl.: Giessen, Universiẗat, Diss., 2007.

La télomérase, composée de l‘ARN TR et de la protéine TERT, responsable du maintien de la longueur des télomères est surexprimée dans la majorité des cellules cancéreuses. La dynamique de la régulation post-transcriptionnelle de TERT sur l‘activation de la télomérase a été étudiée dans le modèle de lymphomagenèse induite par l‘herpesvirus oncogène aviaire de la maladie de Marek. L‘augmentation de l‘activité télomérase des TCD4+ lors de l‘apparition des lymphomes résulte d‘une hausse du transcrit constitutif et de celle des transcrits cibles de la voie de dégradation du « non-sense mediated decay » (NMD) alors que l‘activité télomérase basale des TCD4+ non infectés est contrôlée par les isoformes dominantes négatives. La caractérisation de la protéine virale ICP27 de MDV-1, régulateur potentiel de l‘épissage des gènes, qui s‘exprime pendant la phase de réplication lytique du virus a complété cette étude. ICP27 est capable de co-localiser et d‘interagir avec les protéines SR du splicéosome ainsi que de réguler négativement l‘épissage des gènes cellulaire TERT et viral vIL8 de manière similaire à ICP27 de l‘herpesvirus simplex 1. Le modèle naturel de lymphomagenèse induite par MDV-1 a permis d‘établir pour la première fois un lien entre l‘activation de la télomérase in vivo et la régulation de l‘épissage de TERT, à laquelle pourrait participer la protéine virale ICP27. / The telomerase, consisting of an RNA template (TR) and a reverse transcriptase (TERT) maintains telomere length and is highly expressed in the majority of cancer cells. The splicing regulation of TERT was studied in Marek‘s disease (MD), a natural lymphoma induced by MDV-1, the avian MD herpesvirus. Telomerase activation observed in TCD4+ cells at the onset of MD lymphoma was due to an increase of constitutively spliced and « non-sense mediated decay » (NMD) while basal telomerase activity of non infected TCD4+ cells was controlled by dominant negative isoforms. In addition, the viral protein ICP27, a putative regulator of splicing, expressed during MDV-1 lytic infection was characterised. ICP27 co-localized and interacted with spliceosome SR proteins and negatively controlled splicing of TERT and vIL8 viral gene in a way similar to that of ICP27 of herpesvirus simplex 1. The MD model provides the only data on the in vivo regulation of TERT splicing, possibly mediated by ICP27, and telomerase activation during lymphomagenesis induced by a herpesvirus in its natural host.

Diploma thesis Critical Reflection of Marek Šindelka's Current Prosaic Creation in the Czech Media has the aim to analyze selected critical reflections that were published in the Czech media about a novel Chyba (2008), a collection of short stories Zůstaňte s námi (2011), a collection of short stories Mapa Anny (2014) and a novel Únava materiálu (2016), all of them written by author Marek Šindelka. The source of reviews and critiques published between 2008 and 2018 are czech literary magazines A2, Host, Revolver Revue, Souvislosti and Tvar, daily press Hospodářské noviny, Lidové noviny, Právo and websites iLiteratura.cz and iRozhlas.cz. The analysis was made according to data in the archive of Institute for Czech Literature. Content of these critics was found in the full-text archive of media news from the Czech Republic called Newton Media Search and as well in the archive of concrete media depending on the availability of full text including its bibliographic data. In total, 43 texts are subjected to literary-critical analysis. The theoretical part is for complexity of the topic focused on the term of literary criticism, an overview of important czech cultural periods focused on the publication of critical reflections and afterwords the theoretical part presents the life and work of Marek Šindelka....

Un travail sur la Shoah s'inscrit automatiquement dans un corpus littéraire bien garni. Cependant, plusieurs choses restent à découvrir. Certains auteurs n'écrivent qu'un livre sur le sujet et n'y reviennent plus. C'est le cas de Jaroslaw Marek Rymkiewicz, avec Umschlagplatz, La dernière gare, et de Calel Perechodnik, avec Suis-je un meurtrier? Après un bref résumé de ces deux textes et de leur contexte d'énonciation, les tentatives de légitimation du témoignage sont étudiées. Dans un premier temps, la culpabilité est un profond motivateur de leur volonté de témoigner, et l'écriture, un puissant vecteur de transmission de ce sentiment, même si les auteurs abordent cette relation de façons différentes : écriture contre, écriture réparatrice, écriture-procès... L'écriture découle d'une responsabilité morale, individuelle ou collective, responsabilité qui rend nécessaire le devoir de mémoire. Dans un deuxième temps, les deux auteurs ont cessé leurs dires parce que le processus d'écriture s'inscrit dans une démarche de réparation qui répond à l'ensemble de leurs questionnements individuels, quitte à porter des jugements de valeur parfois questionnables. Chez Jaroslaw Rymkiewicz, l'écriture permet la mise en place d'un lieu sacré à travers la fiction et la description historique, lieu qui est ensuite le point d'origine d'une transmission de la mémoire collective juive et polonaise à travers un itinéraire spatial de cette mémoire. Chez Calel Perechodnik, l'écriture sert plutôt à la sacralisation des faits et à la déshumanisation du sujet écrivant, c'est-à-dire à la déconstruction et à la reconstruction des déterminants de sa personnalité. Dans les deux cas, leurs questions trouvent réponses, et les auteurs peuvent ensuite aller plus de l'avant. L'écriture est donc à l'occasion réparatrice lorsqu'elle permet, de manière consciente ou non, l'évolution du sujet écrivant. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Shoah, Écriture, Culpabilité, Réparation, Mémoire, Rymkiewicz, Perechodnik

This study is an investigation of the autobiographical narratives of two authors, the Pole Marek Hlasko, and the American Henry Miller. Though they lived in different times and places Miller and Hlasko, share some remarkable features with respect to temperament, philosophies of writing, and modes of narrative output. In the chapters that follow I will examine both the biographical and the textual points of contact between these two men, concentrating on the problem of self-inscription in the autobiographical novels, and on the games played with identity that both men engaged in throughout their artistic careers, especially during their periods of exile. / The first section provides a recapitulation of relevant biographical data together with a summary of the social and historical contexts as these affect the personal ideology of each writer. I begin with an expose of some parallels in the biographies and the autobiographical narratives of the two men, and subsequently turn to a summary of the broader polemics of authorial representation in works written in the first person. Here the traditional notion of equating the author of an autobiographical novel with its subject will be rejected in favour of examining the network of relationships that exist among the writer, the writer's cultural "persona", and the textual voice. Following this theoretical framework, I explore each author's personal script of emigration, his sense of self-understanding and self-positioning in the world, and the strategies of self-construction and self-invention undertaken both in the narratives and in the public arena. My analysis of each author's most representative autobiographical works of the exile period will finally suggest the conclusion that while the autobiographical impulse supplied the form for virtually all of Hlasko's and Miller's writing, it is the experience of exile that furnished the content for successful narrative self-revelation.

L’infection par le virus de la maladie de Marek (MDV) induit chez les poussins une immunosuppression précoce et transitoire associée à une atrophie du thymus (TA) et de la bourse de Fabricius (BA). L’objectif de ce travail était de mieux comprendre les mécanismes cellulaires responsables de cette atrophie. La 1ère étape de mon travail a été d'établir un modèle d'infection in vivo menant à une BA et TA suffisante et reproductible. Une fois établi, ce modèle nous a permis d’étudier l’effet du MDV au sein de ces organes à 6, 10 et 14 jours post-infection. Les résultats indiquent que l'apoptose et l'inhibition de prolifération peuvent contribuer à la BA, tandis que seule l'augmentation de l'apoptose conduit à la TA. La numération des lymphocytes sanguins, a mis en évidence une diminution des lymphocytes B durant les 2 premières semaines post-infection concomitamment à la BA. Cette technique semble donc un outil prometteur non invasif pour diagnostiquer la BA induite par le MDV. Une différence de sensibilité à la TA et BA induite par le MDV a été mise en évidence dans deux lignées de poule White Leghorn d’haplotype B différents, toutes deux très sensibles au développement des tumeurs. / Marek's disease virus (MDV) infection induces early and transient immunosuppression associated with atrophy of the thymus (TA) and the bursa of Fabricius (BA) in chicks. The aim of this work was to better understand the cellular mechanisms responsible for this atrophy. The first step in my work was to establish an in vivo infection model leading to a sufficient and reproducible BA and TA. Once established, this model allowed us to study the effect of MDV in these organs at 6, 10 and 14 days post-infection. The results indicate that apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation can contribute to BA, whereas only the increase in apoptosis leads to TA. The lymphocyte blood count showed a decrease in B-lymphocytes during the first 2 weeks of infection that seems related to BA. This technique therefore seems a promising non-invasive tool to diagnose BA at early times of MDV infection. A difference in sensitivity to MDV-induced TA and BA was found in two lines White Leghorn of different B haplotype, both of which very sensitive to tumor development.

The practical part of thesis follows up the art processing of Mark Epsteins' screenplay Vlci a psi. The script is set in times after WW2, describing historical situation of the evacuation of Sudetenland Germans from previous Czechoslovakia in 1945. The practical part itself shows visual concept and structure which is presented by drafts of decorations and scenes. The decorations are visualized by coloured perspective views, drafts of each building and schematic designs. The teoretical part of the thesis is about analysis and parametres of stated films works that are very closely related to this issue and shows historical situation in film language. The visual part and its structure are shown in individual analysis. Results of the teoretical part were one of the basis for definition and visualisation of the practical part of thesis. Last but not the least the study of historical links, documents and internet portals containing given topic were another important teoretical source. These results of my thesis can be used as a source of interesting informations for a public, as an inpiration for film productions or as a study material for film students.

This thesis details the recognized and recpected personalities of Marek Jerie, which draws from the perspective of teaching and interpretative operation,but also closer to him as a person and a prominent figure of cultural events.Aside leaves or inconvenience caused by the previous regime and his departure into exile.Trough the work is also very close encounter with leading personalities of the world´s Cello ( Bohus Heran, Pablo Cassals, Andrér Navara, Mstislav Rostropovich ad.).With their views on the interpretation and art in general is their nature. Also appears in many of the links and interconnections struktures of world of the art. A very important point of this paper is a summary view of Jerieho interpretation and recording activities resting on the study of contemporary international critics. In addition to solo action Jerie was a member of several chamber ensembles ( Guarneri Trio Prague, Duo Bohuslava Martinů, and others.). In detail, the work in this regard focuses on Jerie´s artistic effect with the Guarneri Trio Prague, of which member is over twenty five years. One of the last chapters look at his teaching "laboratory ". His pupils are successfully applied worldwide, and its methods are widely recognized world wide cello public.