Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Cette étude porte sur le discours en paraboles mis en récit au chapitre 13 de l’évangile selon Matthieu. Elle interroge la manière dont ce corpus défend un certain nombre de valeurs auprès des lecteurs. Dans un premier temps, la recherche établit les principaux axes d’interprétation de Mt 13 : sources rédactionnelles, structure, auditoires et fonction des paraboles. Cet état de la question invite à lire Mt 13 selon la relation dynamique qu’il nourrit avec le lecteur. Une exégèse synchronique, puis diachronique, propose dans un deuxième temps de préciser la question des valeurs, de la poser à partir du langage parabolique et de son sujet-Royaume des cieux. Dans un troisième temps, la méthode d’analyse développée par Vincent Jouve (Université de Reims) est appliquée à Mt 13 : issue de la sémiotique narrative, elle vise àdéterminer l’effet-valeur d’un texte, c’est-à-dire son système idéologique. L’étude met ici en évidence une valorisation du désir porté par le paraboliste, une vérité du texte située au plan existentiel. Une relecture du discours en termes d’effets est alors proposée et mesure l’effet parabole en texte puis hors texte. Délogé de son système idéologique habituel, le lecteur de Mt 13 est en effet conduit dans sa lecture à s’exposer aux paraboles qui, par l’imaginaire déployé, deviennent de véritables conductrices de réel. Les résonances, issues de l’interaction entre texte et lecteur, éveillent à une expérience parabolique dont le langage ne peut pas totalement rendre compte mais dont le récit garde les traces. L’espace susceptible d’être creusé par ce discours au cours de son appropriation par le lecteur peut ainsi devenir terre d’accueil pour "la parole du Royaume". / This study deals with parables’ discourse related in chapter 13 of Matthew’s Gospel. It questiones the way this corpus presents some values to the readers. In the first part, the research establishes the main interpretation’s axes of Mt 13 : redaction and sources, structure, attendances and parables’ fonction. This state of the art proposes to read Mt 13 following a dynamic relation with the reader. In the second part, a synchronic exegesis, then a diachronic exegesis are proposed and both specify the question of values based on the parabolic language and his theme, the Kingdom of heaven. In the third part, Vincent Jouve’s method of analysis (University of Reims) is applied to Matthew 13 : on the basis of narrative semiotic, it aims to determine the value-effect of a text, i.e. its ideologic system. At this stage, the study highlightes the desire’s valorization expressed by the parabolist, i.e. a truth of existential nature led by the story. A re-reading of the discourse in terms of effects is then proposed and measures the parable effect in text and out of text. Excluded from his usual ideologic system, the reader of Matthew 13 must indeed be confronted to parables : these promote the imaginery and make discover the real. Touched by the text, the reader can live a parabolic experience. This experience cannot be totally included by the langage but it leaves clues in the story. During the appropriation work of the reader, a meeting with the text can happen and "the word of Kingdom" can be received.

Considerando-se a recente (re)inserção da disciplina de Filosofia na escola básica brasileira – ocorrida em 2008 – e, de forma análoga, os desafios de um Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) – 2007 –, a presente dissertação examina como o PIBID de Filosofia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) está se empenhando para incentivar os licenciandos a desenvolverem o pensamento crítico nos alunos do ensino médio. A presente dissertação parte de uma análise teórico-conceitual do conceito de pensamento crítico – utilizado para justificar o ensino de Filosofia na escola básica – articulando-o à ideia do pleno exercício da cidadania. Este texto também apresenta fatores que motivaram a reinserção da Filosofia na escola básica brasileira e rebate críticas à obrigatoriedade do ensino dessa disciplina nesse nível de ensino. A discussão aqui desenvolvida revisa a tradição do conceito de pensamento crítico através da contribuição de autores como Rousseau, Dewey, Nussbaum e, principalmente, Matthew Lipman. Por fim, são expostos os resultados de um estudo de caso do PIBID vinculado ao Departamento de Filosofia da UFRGS. O desenvolvimento da pesquisa deu-se mediante a observação de atividades do grupo, a pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, a aplicação de questionários aos bolsistas de iniciação à docência e aos professores coordenadores, sendo que a estes últimos também responderam a entrevistas não estruturadas. Constatamos, grosso modo, que há uma grande iniciativa e, consequentemente, preocupação dos professores coordenadores do projeto em desenvolver habilidades capazes de encorajar os bolsistas de iniciação à docência a tornarem-se professores aptos a desenvolver em seus futuros alunos o pensamento criterioso e cuidadoso, que é inseparável da emissão de juízos mais coerentes e ações mais ponderadas. / Considering the recent (re) integration of the discipline of Philosophy in Brazilian elementary school – 2008 – and, similarly, the challenges of an Institutional Scholarship Program Initiation to Teaching (PIBID) – 2007 –, this thesis examines how Pibid of Philosophy at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) is working to encourage undergraduates to develop critical thinking in high school students. The dissertation part of a theoretical and conceptual analysis of the concept of critical thinking – used to justify the teaching of philosophy at primary school – linking it to the idea of exercising the rights of citizenship. It presents factors that motivated the reintegration of Philosophy in Brazilian elementary school and rebate criticism of mandatory teaching of this discipline at this level of education. It revises the tradition of the concept of critical thinking by contributing authors like Rousseau, Dewey, Nussbaum and especially Matthew Lipman. It Presents the results of a case study PIBID linked to the Department of Philosophy at UFRGS. The development of the research took place through observation of group activities, bibliographic and documentary research, questionnaires fellows from initiation to teaching coordinators and teachers, with the latter also we perform unstructured interviews. We find, roughly, that there is a great initiative and hence concern for teachers project coordinators in developing skills able to encourage scholars from initiation to teaching, to become teachers are able to develop in their future students thought that judicious and careful is inseparable from the issue of judgments more consistent and more thoughtful actions.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O presente trabalho é uma análise de um dos métodos de ensino de Jesus. As chamadas ações parabólicas, empregadas pelos profetas do Antigo Testamento, também são utilizadas por Jesus Cristo. A pesquisa procura atestar este uso e estabelecer alguns critérios referentes ao mesmo. Na primeira parte são examinados alguns aspectos gerais que dizem respeito às ações parabólicas, como por exemplo, sua conceituação, seu uso, o propósito de serem utilizadas e algumas de suas características. Na segunda parte, são abordados alguns aspectos mais formais das ações, no que diz respeito à análise da forma, à historicidade, à intencionalidade e também à interpretação. Nesta parte, especialmente na análise da forma, são estabelecidos alguns critérios para a identificação de ações parabólicas. Finalmente, na terceira parte, é apresentada a ação parabólica da Maldição da Figueira, relatada por Marcos e Mateus, como exemplo. As ações parabólicas são um meio de pregação, mas constituem-se em si mesmo a própria proclamação. / This dissertation is an analysis of one of Jesus teachings methods. Parabolic actions, which were used by the Old Testament prophets, were also used by Jesus Christ. This research tries to attest this use and establish some criteria for its analysis. In the first part, some general aspects that they concern the parabolic actions are examined, as, for example, their conception, their use, the purpose for which they were used and some of their characteristics. In the second part, some formal aspects of the actions are examined, as, for example, literary form, historical analysis, intentional analysis and interpretation. In this part, especially in the analysis of the literary form, some criteria for the identification of parabolic actions are established. Finally, in the third part, by way of example, the parabolic action of the Cursing of the Fig Tree, as told by Marcos and Matthew, is analysed. Parabolic actions are a preaching method. But, much morethan an aid to preaching or a way of illustrating a message, they themselves are the messages.

Considerando-se a recente (re)inserção da disciplina de Filosofia na escola básica brasileira – ocorrida em 2008 – e, de forma análoga, os desafios de um Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) – 2007 –, a presente dissertação examina como o PIBID de Filosofia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) está se empenhando para incentivar os licenciandos a desenvolverem o pensamento crítico nos alunos do ensino médio. A presente dissertação parte de uma análise teórico-conceitual do conceito de pensamento crítico – utilizado para justificar o ensino de Filosofia na escola básica – articulando-o à ideia do pleno exercício da cidadania. Este texto também apresenta fatores que motivaram a reinserção da Filosofia na escola básica brasileira e rebate críticas à obrigatoriedade do ensino dessa disciplina nesse nível de ensino. A discussão aqui desenvolvida revisa a tradição do conceito de pensamento crítico através da contribuição de autores como Rousseau, Dewey, Nussbaum e, principalmente, Matthew Lipman. Por fim, são expostos os resultados de um estudo de caso do PIBID vinculado ao Departamento de Filosofia da UFRGS. O desenvolvimento da pesquisa deu-se mediante a observação de atividades do grupo, a pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, a aplicação de questionários aos bolsistas de iniciação à docência e aos professores coordenadores, sendo que a estes últimos também responderam a entrevistas não estruturadas. Constatamos, grosso modo, que há uma grande iniciativa e, consequentemente, preocupação dos professores coordenadores do projeto em desenvolver habilidades capazes de encorajar os bolsistas de iniciação à docência a tornarem-se professores aptos a desenvolver em seus futuros alunos o pensamento criterioso e cuidadoso, que é inseparável da emissão de juízos mais coerentes e ações mais ponderadas. / Considering the recent (re) integration of the discipline of Philosophy in Brazilian elementary school – 2008 – and, similarly, the challenges of an Institutional Scholarship Program Initiation to Teaching (PIBID) – 2007 –, this thesis examines how Pibid of Philosophy at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) is working to encourage undergraduates to develop critical thinking in high school students. The dissertation part of a theoretical and conceptual analysis of the concept of critical thinking – used to justify the teaching of philosophy at primary school – linking it to the idea of exercising the rights of citizenship. It presents factors that motivated the reintegration of Philosophy in Brazilian elementary school and rebate criticism of mandatory teaching of this discipline at this level of education. It revises the tradition of the concept of critical thinking by contributing authors like Rousseau, Dewey, Nussbaum and especially Matthew Lipman. It Presents the results of a case study PIBID linked to the Department of Philosophy at UFRGS. The development of the research took place through observation of group activities, bibliographic and documentary research, questionnaires fellows from initiation to teaching coordinators and teachers, with the latter also we perform unstructured interviews. We find, roughly, that there is a great initiative and hence concern for teachers project coordinators in developing skills able to encourage scholars from initiation to teaching, to become teachers are able to develop in their future students thought that judicious and careful is inseparable from the issue of judgments more consistent and more thoughtful actions.

Considerando-se a recente (re)inserção da disciplina de Filosofia na escola básica brasileira – ocorrida em 2008 – e, de forma análoga, os desafios de um Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) – 2007 –, a presente dissertação examina como o PIBID de Filosofia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) está se empenhando para incentivar os licenciandos a desenvolverem o pensamento crítico nos alunos do ensino médio. A presente dissertação parte de uma análise teórico-conceitual do conceito de pensamento crítico – utilizado para justificar o ensino de Filosofia na escola básica – articulando-o à ideia do pleno exercício da cidadania. Este texto também apresenta fatores que motivaram a reinserção da Filosofia na escola básica brasileira e rebate críticas à obrigatoriedade do ensino dessa disciplina nesse nível de ensino. A discussão aqui desenvolvida revisa a tradição do conceito de pensamento crítico através da contribuição de autores como Rousseau, Dewey, Nussbaum e, principalmente, Matthew Lipman. Por fim, são expostos os resultados de um estudo de caso do PIBID vinculado ao Departamento de Filosofia da UFRGS. O desenvolvimento da pesquisa deu-se mediante a observação de atividades do grupo, a pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, a aplicação de questionários aos bolsistas de iniciação à docência e aos professores coordenadores, sendo que a estes últimos também responderam a entrevistas não estruturadas. Constatamos, grosso modo, que há uma grande iniciativa e, consequentemente, preocupação dos professores coordenadores do projeto em desenvolver habilidades capazes de encorajar os bolsistas de iniciação à docência a tornarem-se professores aptos a desenvolver em seus futuros alunos o pensamento criterioso e cuidadoso, que é inseparável da emissão de juízos mais coerentes e ações mais ponderadas. / Considering the recent (re) integration of the discipline of Philosophy in Brazilian elementary school – 2008 – and, similarly, the challenges of an Institutional Scholarship Program Initiation to Teaching (PIBID) – 2007 –, this thesis examines how Pibid of Philosophy at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) is working to encourage undergraduates to develop critical thinking in high school students. The dissertation part of a theoretical and conceptual analysis of the concept of critical thinking – used to justify the teaching of philosophy at primary school – linking it to the idea of exercising the rights of citizenship. It presents factors that motivated the reintegration of Philosophy in Brazilian elementary school and rebate criticism of mandatory teaching of this discipline at this level of education. It revises the tradition of the concept of critical thinking by contributing authors like Rousseau, Dewey, Nussbaum and especially Matthew Lipman. It Presents the results of a case study PIBID linked to the Department of Philosophy at UFRGS. The development of the research took place through observation of group activities, bibliographic and documentary research, questionnaires fellows from initiation to teaching coordinators and teachers, with the latter also we perform unstructured interviews. We find, roughly, that there is a great initiative and hence concern for teachers project coordinators in developing skills able to encourage scholars from initiation to teaching, to become teachers are able to develop in their future students thought that judicious and careful is inseparable from the issue of judgments more consistent and more thoughtful actions.

Les objectifs de ce travail se situent à deux niveaux, l'un exégétique l'autre méthodologique.Sur le plan exégétique, les chapitres 27 et 28 de l'évangile de Matthieu sont analysés à l'aide du modèle sémiotique développé par Jacques Geninasca (Université de Zürich). Ce modèle s'inscrit dans le courant de la sémiotique « française », rassemblé autour des travaux de A.J. Greimas. Il se donne pour objet de construire la signification d'un texte dans un parcours interprétatifcompris comme un acte d'énonciation. La comparaison des résultats obtenus avec ceux produits par d'autres méthodes exégétiques (principalement l'approche historico-critique) permet d'évaluer la pertinence des procédures et des concepts introduits par Geninasca. Sur le plan méthodologique, un développement de ce modèle est proposé afin de prendre en charge le caractère particulier des textes étudiés. Depuis l'émergence des méthodes critiques d'analyse littéraire, une séparation existe entre les lectures dites savantes et celles que l'on qualifie de personnelles ou de lectures croyantes de la Bible. L'exégèse historique lit les textes en fonction de leur capacité référentielle à représenter la réalité qu'ils décrivent et le contexte qui les a vu naître : la rationalité qu'elle met en oeuvre a pour effet de détacher l'objet d'étude du lecteur. L'extension proposée du modèle de Geninasca a pour but de définir, dans le cadre d'une lecture sémiotique, une « saisie » et un « croire » aptes à décrire la dimension interpelante des récits bibliques. / Two goals have been pursued in this work : the first one deals with literary exegesis, the second one with methodology. On the exegetical side, chapters 27 and 28 of Matthew's Gospel are analyzed using a semiotic model developed by Jacques Geninasca (University of Zurich). This model fits into the French school of semiotics founded by A.J. Greimas. Itsaim is to build a text's meaning by an interpretive procedure understood as an act of enunciation. Comparison of results with those produced by other exegetical methods (mainly the historical-critical method) assesses the adequacyof the procedures and concepts introduced by Geninasca. On the methodological level, a development of the model is proposed in order to take into account the peculiar status of the texts studied. Since the use of critical methods in the biblical field, the so-called scholarly reading of the Scriptures is disconnected from the believer's reading. Historical exegesisreads texts according to their ability to represent reality and try to determine the context where they originated : the rationality behind this method detaches the object of study from the reader. The proposed extension to the Geninasca's model aims to define, within the framework of a semiotic reading, both a « saisie » and a « croire » fit to describe the interpellative dimension of the biblical stories.

In the years following the fall of Apartheid in South Africa, dance and choreography have undergone considerable transformation. This investigation stems from one observation relative to this change that has been articulated by two of South Africa's most respected dance critics, Adrienne Sichel and Matthew Krouse. Both critics have noted a growing concern for narrative in South African contemporary choreography, coupled with an apparent propensity for narratives of a distinctly personal and 'autobiographical' nature. In Part One: 'Just after the beginning', the proposed preoccupation with narrative in South African contemporary choreography is discussed in light of the relationship between narrative and the notion of personal identity. The use of the performed narrative as a medium to explore questions about identity is offered as one explanation underpinning this increased proclivity, where the interrogation of the form of the danced narrative provides a site for exploration of personal identity. Part Two: 'Somewhere in the middle' interrogates the notion of form through an in-depth discussion of the experimentation with form within theatrical and antitheatrical dance traditions over the last fifty years. Specific works by three selected South African choreographers (Ginslov, Maqoma and Sabbagha) are discussed in terms of their general approach to narrative form. This provides an illustration of some of the approaches to narrative form emergent in contemporary South African choreographic practices. Part Three: 'Nearing the end' offers Acty Tang's Chaste (2007) as a case study to illustrate the practical application of the dance narrative as a means to interrogate questions relating to personal identity. A detailed analysis of Tang's particular approach to forming the narrative of Chaste is conducted, exposing the intertextual, multimedia and multidisciplinary approach to creating the danced narrative.

Magister Educationis - MEd / South Africa had a change in government and in education after the 1994 elections. A new curriculum was introduced and some of the underlying critical outcomes were to develop the learners to become critical thinkers. The methodology by which to teach these outcomes was not clear. An intervention programme, Philosophy for Children (P4C) is used in some countries across the world to promote thinking. Research across the world has shown that this programme has the ability to enhance the cognitive abilities of learners exposed to it. Stories for Thinking (SFT) is an intervention programme based on the principles of Philosophy for Children and was introduced in some schools in an Education District of the Western Cape. This study investigates the perceptions of Intermediate Phase educators about the implementation of Stories for Thinking in this Education District. Educators were asked their strengths and challenges of the approach, their way of using it and the support they received. A qualitative research method was used and data were gathered to answer the research questions by means of questionnaires and interviews. Research findings indicate that educators perceived that Stories for Thinking was able to enhance the reading ability of the learners, it showed a significant improvement in their confidence levels, and a positive change in their general behaviour. Language was seen as a barrier to learning, but the evidence indicates that the community of inquiry can be used as a tool to overcome some of the barriers. It seems as if educators valued the support from the project leaders. It is concluded that this kind of intervention programme is worth introducing as long as all the role-players play their part and the setting is conducive. / South Africa

In its earliest form, the Tristram legend was probably a Celtic folk-tale known in oral tradition as early as the eighth or ninth century. During the early part of the twelfth century it became known in France and Brittany; and there, in the later years of that same century, it was recorded in a lost romance now referred to as the Ur-Tristan. From this source, so it is believed, the earliest extant romances upon the subject were derived. During the twelfth century, two main versions developed—first the version des jongleurs, given in the poems of Béroul and Eilhart von Oberge, and second, the version courtoise given in Thomas's Tristan and some derivatives of it. Among these last, the Tristan of Gottfried von Strassburg, written about 1215, is generally regarded as one of the masterpieces of medieval literature. In the early thirteenth century, the legend was employed in an anonymous romance, the French prose Tristan. In this version, which was greatly influenced by the prose Lancelot cycle, the narrative is so grossly adulterated by the machinery of thirteenth-century courtly romance that the original love story is all but obscured. In most texts of the prose Tristan, even the traditional love-death scene is altered. This account of the legend became for five centuries the only version in which it was known. Two treatments of the legend appeared in Middle English literature. First is the northern Sir Tristrem, an anonymous poem composed about 1300 and based upon the Tristan of Thomas. Secondly, the Morte d'Arthur, composed by Sir Thomas Malory about 1469, contains an account of the Tristram legend based entirely upon the French prose Tristan. The legend did not again receive a major treatment in English literature until the mid-nineteenth century, when it became the subject of poems by Matthew Arnold, Alfred Lord Tennyson, and Algernon Charles Swinburne. Arnold's "Tristram and Iseult" is based, except for the love-death episode, upon the version courtoise. Arnold regarded as the central problem of the narrative, not the love story itself, but Tristram's conflicting loyalties to the two Iseults, and sympathized, not with the ill-fated lovers, but with Iseult of Brittany, the innocent victim of the tragic love. She becomes in his poem symbolic of the Stoic way of life, the compromise which Arnold offered to resolve the conflict of emotion and intellect. Tennyson treated the Tristram legend in "The Last Tournament," one of the Idylls of the King based upon Malory's Morte d'Arthur. The legend is employed in the moral allegory of the Idylls as an illustration of the evil consequences of adultery. In thus regarding the love story merely as a tale of adultery, Tennyson deviated greatly from the traditionally sympathetic treatment of the narrative. Swinburne's Tristram of Lyonesse is, like Arnold's poem, based chiefly upon the version courtoise. In Swinburne’s treatment the love story is again central, the theme being an exaltation of the ennobling and sanctifying power of human love. Along with the explicit exaltation of passionate love is an implied criticism of the hypocritical morality and distrust of passion which Swinburne regarded as prevalent in his age. Although these three Victorian poems differ widely in plot, characterization and purpose, the Tristram legend is employed didactically in each, and the purposes governing its didactic treatment are dictated by the age in which and for which the poems were written. / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate