Problem: Interruption during medication administration is a significant patient safety concern within health care, especially during the administration of high risk medications in nursing. Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) devices are frequently associated with adverse events and have a four-fold increased risk of patient injury compared to non-PCA related adverse events. While the nature and frequency of interruptions have been established for nurses* medication processes, the impact of interruption frequency on nurses* PCA interaction has not been fully measured or described. Purpose: The purposes of this study were to quantify the impact of interruption frequency on registered nurses* (RN) performance, satisfaction, and cognitive workload during PCA interaction, and to determine nurses* perceptions of the impact of interruption frequency. Methods: This study employed a mixed-method design. First, an experimental repeated measures design was used to quantify the impact of interruption frequency on a purposive sample of nine medical-surgical RNs. The RNs completed PCA programming tasks in a simulated laboratory nursing environment for each of four conditions where interruption frequency was pre-determined. Four established human factors usability measures were completed for each of the four test conditions. The research questions were answered using repeated measures analysis of variance with (RM-ANOVA), McNamar*s test, and Friedman*s test. After each experiment, semi-structured interviews were used to collect data that were analyzed using inductive qualitative content analysis to determine RNs* perceptions of the impact of interruption frequency. Results: Results of the RM-ANOVA were significant for the main effect of interruption frequency on efficiency F(3,24)=9.592, p = .000. McNemar*s test did not show significance for the impact of interruption frequency on effectiveness (accuracy). Friedman test showed participant satisfaction was significantly impacted by interruption frequency (x2=9.47, df=3, p=0.024). Friedman test showed no significance for the main effect of interruption frequency on cognitive workload scores by condition type (x2=1.88, df=3, p=0.599). Results of the qualitative content analysis revealed two main categories to describe nurses* perception of interruption frequency: the nature of interruptions and nurses* reaction to the interrupted work environment. Discussion/Implications: The results suggested that interruption frequency significantly affected task completion time and satisfaction for participants but not participant accuracy or cognitive workload. A high error rate during PCA programming tasks indicated the need to evaluate the conditions in which RNs complete PCA programming as each error presents potential risk of patient harm. RNs* described the impact of interruption frequency as having a negative impact on the work environment and subsequently implement compensating strategies to counterbalance interruptions. RNs* perceived that patient safety was negatively impacted by frequent interruption. RNs experienced negative intrapersonal consequences as a results of frequent interruption. Additional study is needed to better understand the impact of interruption frequency on RNs* performance accuracy and cognitive workload.

No description available.

O processo de recuperação cirúrgica pode ser precoce, esperado ou prejudicado, conforme estado de saúde do individuo e do próprio ato cirúrgico, que determinam a perspectiva de bem-estar e qualidade de vida, tendo neste período como parâmetro o alcance de condições superiores ou equivalentes as que os pacientes apresentavam no período pré-operatório. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas e psicológicas e identificar os fatores preditivos para o bem-estar e qualidade de vida nos diferentes períodos de observação (0, 30, 90, 180 e 360 dias). Trata-se de um estudo longitudinal, de 120 participantes submetidos à prostatectomia radical, por período de até 12 meses. Foram utilizados questionários para caracterização do participante e para avaliação clínica e os instrumentos: Escala Visual Analógica de Dor, Inventário de Estratégias de Coping, Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão, Escala de Satisfação com o Suporte Social, Escala de Satisfação Conjugal, Escala de Bem-Estar Subjetivo e o Expanded Prostate Cancer Index. Os dados foram descritos por períodos e analisados pelo modelo linear de efeitos mistos. Os principais resultados na descrição dos dados apontaram que as médias dos escores de dor variaram de 0,63 a 2,42. As médias de enfrentamento focado no problema variaram de 1,20 a 1,67, sendo mais evidente em T0, T1, T2 e T3 em relação ao enfrentamento focado na emoção, que teve variação de 1,20 a 1,48. As médias de ansiedade variaram de 4,42 a 6,01 e a depressão de 3,59 a 4,24, sendo as de ansiedade ligeiramente superiores às de depressão na maioria dos períodos, exceto em T4. A satisfação com o suporte social variou com médias de 3,81 a 3,97. A satisfação conjugal variou de 1,73 a 1,99, de modo que, a maioria dos participantes não estava satisfeita com o relacionamento conjugal. Já o bem-estar subjetivo apresentou médias de 2,59 a 2,77, sendo a satisfação com a vida e o afeto positivo os principais domínios. Notou-se que o bem-estar subjetivo se apresentou estável nos períodos quando comparado com T0. Já a qualidade de vida variou com médias de 68,69 a 81,80. No período T0, os participantes apresentaram menores médias quanto à função sexual e incômodo urinário. Entretanto, nos períodos T1, T2, T3 e T4, as menores médias foram em relação à função sexual e incontinência urinária. Quando comparado com T0, a qualidade de vida foi inferior em todos os períodos no pós-operatório. Na análise de métodos mistos, o tempo de cirurgia, enfrentamento focado no problema, ansiedade e satisfação conjugal foram preditores de bem-estar subjetivo, entretanto, as variáveis idade, raça/cor, tempo de anestesia, dor, depressão e satisfação com o suporte social não foram preditoras para o bem-estar subjetivo. Já os preditores de qualidade de vida foram as variáveis dor, depressão, enfrentamento focado na emoção, ansiedade e satisfação conjugal, entretanto, a idade, raça/cor, tempo de anestesia e satisfação com o suporte social não foram preditoras para a qualidade de vida. Os resultados apresentados contribuem para a compreensão do processo de recuperação cirúrgica de participantes submetidos à prostatectomia radical / The surgical recovery process can be early, expected or impaired, according to the individual\"s health condition and the surgery, which determine the perspectives of wellbeing and quality of life. In this period, the achievement of conditions higher or equivalent to what the patients presented in the preoperative period serves as the parameter. The objective in this study was to characterize sociodemographic, clinical and psychological variables and to identify the predictive factors of wellbeing and quality of life in the different observation periods (0, 30, 90, 180 and 360 days). A longitudinal study was undertaken of 120 participants submitted to radical prostatectomy over a 12-month period. Questionnaires were used to characterize and clinically assess the participants, as well as the following instruments: Visual Analogue Pain Scale, Ways of Coping, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Satisfaction with Social Support Scale, Scale of Marital Satisfaction, Subjective Wellbeing Scale and the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index. The data were described per period and analyzed using the linear mixed effects model. The main results in the description of the data appointed that the mean pain scores ranged between 0.63 and 2.42. The mean problemfocused coping scores varied between 1.20 and 1.67, being clearer in T0, T1, T2 and T3 than emotion-focused coping, which varied between 1.20 and 1.48. The mean anxiety scores ranged between 4.42 and 6.01 and depression between 3.59 and 4.24, the former slightly surpassing the latter in most periods, except in T4. The satisfaction with social support varied with averages between 3.81 and 3.97. Marital satisfaction ranged between 1.73 and 1.99, showing that most participants were not satisfied with the marital relationship. Subjective wellbeing presented mean scores between 2.59 and 2.77, the main domains being satisfaction with life and positive affect. As observed, subjective wellbeing was stable in the periods when compared to T0. Quality of life, then, varied with averages between 68.69 and 81.80. In period T0, the participants presented lower averaged for the sexual function and urinary discomfort. In periods T1, T2, T3 and T4, on the other hand, the lowest averages were related to the sexual function and urinary incontinence. When compared to T0, the quality of life was lower in all postoperative periods. In the mixed methods analysis, the length of surgery, problem-focused coping, anxiety and marital satisfaction were predictors of subjective wellbeing, while age, race/color, length of anesthesia, pain, depression and satisfaction with social support did not serve as predictors of subjective wellbeing. The predictors of quality of life were pain, depression, emotion-focused coping, anxiety and marital situation, while age, race/color, length of anesthesia and satisfaction with social support did not serve as predictors for quality of life. The results presented contribute to understand the surgical recovery process of participants submitted to radical prostatectomy

Falls, with and without injury, in acute care hospitals are quite common but can be prevented if appropriate interventions are in place to address this issue. It is imperative that nurses assess fall risks of all patients admitted to the hospital and advocate for appropriate interventions to prevent falls in those who are found to be at risk. The purpose of this project was to recommend changes to the current fall prevention protocol in the project facility, an acute care hospital, based on best practices identified in a systematic review of the literature. At the time of the project, the hospital had a high rate of falls. The clinical practice question addressed by this project focused on the evidence-based fall prevention interventions that have resulted in a decreased fall rate among patients on medical-surgical units in an acute inpatient hospital setting. This doctoral project was informed by Kolcaba's theory of caring, and the major source of evidence was a systematic review of the literature focusing on fall prevention. Findings indicated that identification of fall risk factors and implementation of multifactorial fall prevention interventions, such as fall prevention teams, unit fall team champions and use of a fall risk scale, can reduce falls on medical surgical units in acute care hospitals. It was recommended that a multidisciplinary fall prevention team be developed in conjunction with unit fall team champions and that a fall risk scale be used to bridge the practice gap. If implemented, these changes may benefit patients, nurses, and the organization as a whole through decreased falls, lengths of stay, and health care costs.

Background: Implementation of evidence-based knowledge in healthcare is challenging with success rates less than optimal at times. This is particularly true in the area of pressure ulcer prevention. Attention to use of the affective domain in educational interventions to implement best practices may be part of the solution. Purpose: The ultimate purpose of this study was to compare the use of two different educational interventions on medical-surgical nurses' behavioral intent to use evidence-based practice in preventing pressure ulcers. Theoretical Framework: The theoretical framework for this study was the theory of planned behavior. Methods: This study proceeded in three phases and collected both qualitative and quantitative data for instrument development and instrument testing. The resultant instrument was used to collect data for hypothesis testing in a cluster randomized experiment. Results: The theory of planned behavior was not fully supported in this study. Attitudes toward pressure ulcers were predictive of behavioral intent. Nurses who experienced the affective domain educational intervention showed significant improvements over the control group on attitude and perceived behavioral control. Behavioral intent and subjective norm were not impacted. Conclusions: A reliable and valid theory of planned behavior derived instrument was created. The theory of planned behavior was partially supported. An affective domain intervention has the potential to favorably impact nurses in valuing pressure ulcer prevention, despite any barriers.

A enfermagem é reconhecida como uma profissão estressante. Este estudo teve como objetivos analisar a ocorrência de stress no trabalho do enfermeiro de unidade de internação e relacioná-la com a percepção de stress e a valorização no trabalho. Realizou-se um estudo descritivo, quantitativo e transversal junto a 141 enfermeiros que atuam em unidade de internação de hospitais públicos do Município de São Paulo. Os dados foram coletados utilizando-se a Escala Bianchi de Stress, Escala de Stress Percebido e Escala de Stress no Trabalho. A análise dos dados foi baseada na descrição em números absolutos e percentuais e nos dados de testes estatísticos não-paramétricos. Os resultados obtidos foram: 92,1% do sexo feminino; 31,2% com faixa etária de 41 a 50 anos; 92,2% ocupavam cargo de enfermeiro assistencial; 36,2% com mais de 16 anos de tempo de formação; 79,4% referiram terem cursado pós-graduação. Quanto aos níveis de stress, os enfermeiros apresentaram escore médio de 5,49, considerado médio para alto nível de stress e englobados nos domínios relações interpessoais, coordenação das atividades da unidade e condições de trabalho para o exercício de sua profissão. Os enfermeiros mais estressados foram os que apontaram média baixa de valorização no trabalho e foi estatisticamente significante (p<0,05). O enfermeiro que atua em Unidade de Internação deve buscar meios e estratégias que minimizem o stress, sejam elas no âmbito profissional, lazer ou familiar e, a instituição na qual se insere deve viabilizar estratégias de acompanhamento e manutenção da saúde do trabalhador e sua qualidade de vida, o que resultará na promoção da assistência com qualidade ao cliente/familiar e melhoria da qualidade de vida dos colaboradores. / Nursing is recognized as a stressful profession. This study aimed to analyze the occurrence of stress in impatient nursing work and relate it to the perception of stress and work valuation. This is a descriptive, quantitative and transversal study comprising 141 nurses acting in inpatient units in public hospitals in São Paulo, Brazil. Data was collected using the Bianchi Stress Scale, Perceived Stress Scale and Workplace Stress Scale. Data analysis was based on the description in absolute numbers and percentages, and also in non-parametric statistical tests. The results are as follows: 92.1% female, 31.2% aged between 41 to 50 years, 92.2% were attending nurses, 36.2% with over 16 years of training and 79.4% who reported having attended post-graduate school. Regarding the levels of stress, the nurses had a mean score of 5.49, (considered medium to high stress) and were involved in the following areas: interpersonal relationship, coordination of the unit activities and working conditions for the nursing professional performance. The most stressed nurses were those who showed low average value in the workplace and were statistically significant (p <0.05). The nurse who works in inpatient units should seek ways and strategies to minimize the stress at work, either thorough family or leisure activities, and the hospital must provide the use of strategies for monitoring and maintaining the health of workers and their quality of life in order to promote quality care to clients/family and improve the quality of life of the employees.

A enfermagem é reconhecida como uma profissão estressante. Este estudo teve como objetivos analisar a ocorrência de stress no trabalho do enfermeiro de unidade de internação e relacioná-la com a percepção de stress e a valorização no trabalho. Realizou-se um estudo descritivo, quantitativo e transversal junto a 141 enfermeiros que atuam em unidade de internação de hospitais públicos do Município de São Paulo. Os dados foram coletados utilizando-se a Escala Bianchi de Stress, Escala de Stress Percebido e Escala de Stress no Trabalho. A análise dos dados foi baseada na descrição em números absolutos e percentuais e nos dados de testes estatísticos não-paramétricos. Os resultados obtidos foram: 92,1% do sexo feminino; 31,2% com faixa etária de 41 a 50 anos; 92,2% ocupavam cargo de enfermeiro assistencial; 36,2% com mais de 16 anos de tempo de formação; 79,4% referiram terem cursado pós-graduação. Quanto aos níveis de stress, os enfermeiros apresentaram escore médio de 5,49, considerado médio para alto nível de stress e englobados nos domínios relações interpessoais, coordenação das atividades da unidade e condições de trabalho para o exercício de sua profissão. Os enfermeiros mais estressados foram os que apontaram média baixa de valorização no trabalho e foi estatisticamente significante (p<0,05). O enfermeiro que atua em Unidade de Internação deve buscar meios e estratégias que minimizem o stress, sejam elas no âmbito profissional, lazer ou familiar e, a instituição na qual se insere deve viabilizar estratégias de acompanhamento e manutenção da saúde do trabalhador e sua qualidade de vida, o que resultará na promoção da assistência com qualidade ao cliente/familiar e melhoria da qualidade de vida dos colaboradores. / Nursing is recognized as a stressful profession. This study aimed to analyze the occurrence of stress in impatient nursing work and relate it to the perception of stress and work valuation. This is a descriptive, quantitative and transversal study comprising 141 nurses acting in inpatient units in public hospitals in São Paulo, Brazil. Data was collected using the Bianchi Stress Scale, Perceived Stress Scale and Workplace Stress Scale. Data analysis was based on the description in absolute numbers and percentages, and also in non-parametric statistical tests. The results are as follows: 92.1% female, 31.2% aged between 41 to 50 years, 92.2% were attending nurses, 36.2% with over 16 years of training and 79.4% who reported having attended post-graduate school. Regarding the levels of stress, the nurses had a mean score of 5.49, (considered medium to high stress) and were involved in the following areas: interpersonal relationship, coordination of the unit activities and working conditions for the nursing professional performance. The most stressed nurses were those who showed low average value in the workplace and were statistically significant (p <0.05). The nurse who works in inpatient units should seek ways and strategies to minimize the stress at work, either thorough family or leisure activities, and the hospital must provide the use of strategies for monitoring and maintaining the health of workers and their quality of life in order to promote quality care to clients/family and improve the quality of life of the employees.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.