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Men's adherence to restrictive emotionality, a traditional masculine norm, has frequently been linked to higher rates of psychological distress and other negative mental health outcomes. Masculinity researchers have recently begun to study how the effects associated with restrictive emotionality might be related to how men regulate their emotions. Limited findings suggest that restrictive emotionality may be related to non-acceptance of emotion. However, these studies have not examined how acceptance affects the relationship between restrictive emotionality and distress. Further, no published studies have attempted to manipulate levels of men's emotional acceptance in service of reducing restrictive emotionality and distress. The current study tested whether a brief psychoeducational intervention could promote acceptance in men and thus reduce their restrictive emotionality and distress. Participants were randomly assigned to an experimental condition teaching emotional acceptance, or a control condition teaching time management skills. Both conditions consisted of audio recordings that described how these approaches benefit coping with stressful situations, as well as prompts asking participants to write about how this information could relate to their lives. The study also investigated baseline interrelationships between restrictive emotionality, fear of emotion, emotional acceptance, and distress using pretest self-report data. Moderation analyses were conducted to determine whether emotional acceptance might serve as a buffer against the effects of restrictive emotionality on psychological distress. Self-report measures at pretest and at one-week follow-up assessed acceptance, fear of emotion, restrictive emotionality, emotional non-acceptance, and distress. Performance-based measures, including a semantic decision task and a scrambled sentences test, were also used to assess for differences by condition. Contrary to hypotheses, no effect of condition was evident in analyses of self-report or performance-based measures. Self-report data demonstrated a main effect of time, such that distress, emotional non-acceptance, and fear of emotion decreased across conditions from pretest to follow up, while acceptance increased. Restrictive emotionality scores remained unchanged. As predicted, significant intercorrelations were found among fear of emotion, emotional non-acceptance, distress, and emotional acceptance with the exception of restrictive emotionality, which was associated only with greater distress. Finally, the hypothesis that emotional acceptance would moderate the relationship between restrictive emotionality and psychological distress was not supported. / text

The purpose of this study was to investigate the saleability judgements of retail store buyers of women's and men's wear. A sample of 81 women's and men's wear buyers, representing two specialty stores and one mass merchandiser, was sent questionnaires. Principal Components Factor Analysis with Varimax Rotation was used to reduce the number of product, vendor and information source variables to eight factors. Three significant differences existed between the women's wear and men's wear buyers, verifying that not all retail buyers are alike. Results will benefit educators in preparing students to become more effective buyers, retail management can incorporate this same information into a buyer training program and apparel manufacturers can use the study in planning product strategies to retailers.

Mäns upplevelser efter genomförd prostatektomi till följd av prostatacancer  En litteraturstudie  Abstrakt  Bakgrund: Prostatacancer är den vanligaste cancerformen hos män i Sverige som oftast behandlas med prostatektomi, vilket innebär att prostatakörteln avlägsnas. Prevalensen väntas öka vilket innebär att fler män kommer att komma i kontakt med sjukvården. Studier har visat att det finns stora brister i omvårdnaden och anledningen till detta är bristen på adekvat information.  Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa mäns upplevelser efter genomförd prostatektomi till följd av prostatacancer.  Metod: Syftet besvarades med en litteraturstudie där nio artiklar med kvalitativ ansats användes. Artiklarna kvalitetsgranskades, analyserades och sammanställdes till ett resultat. Artikelsökningarna utfördes i CINAHL och PubMed.  Resultat: Komplikationer, bristande information och otillfredsställande uppföljning var brister som männen upplevde orsakade både ett kroppsligt och själsligt lidande samt en minskad tillit till vårdpersonalen. Trots bristerna upplevde männen tacksamhet över att ha överlevt och att stödet som de fått var betydelsefullt. Relaterat till bristerna uttryckte männen även en önskan om att hjälpa andra.  Konklusion: Utifrån bristerna som männen upplevde kan vårdpersonal ses som en orsak till lidande, men också som ett hopp i den rådande situationen. Relaterat till detta kan en ökad förståelse leda till en förbättrad omvårdnad. / Men’s experiences after completed prostatectomy due to prostate cancer A literature study Abstract Background: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men in Sweden and is often treated with prostatectomy. The prevalence is expected to increase, which means that more men will be forced to seek healthcare. Studies have shown that major shortcomings exist in the care and the reason is the lack of adequate information. Aim: To illustrate men´s experiences after completed prostatectomy due to prostate cancer. Method: A literature study based on nine articles with a qualitative approach. The articles quality was reviewed, analyzed and compiled into a result.The article searches were conducted in CINAHL and PubMed. Results: Complications, lack of information and inadequate follow-ups caused men both physical and mental suffering, and reduced reliance on caregivers. Despite the shortcomings, men experienced gratitude for having survived and that the support they received was important. Related to the shortcomings men expressed their desire to help others. Conclusion: Based on the shortcomings that the men experienced, health professionals can be seen as a cause of suffering, but also as a hope in the current situation. Related to this, better understanding can lead to improved care.

M.A. / The Nice Guy Paradox is a provocative perception that is commonly expressed within society and the mass media. According to this perception, nice guys are less successful in their relationships with women than other men. The Nice Guy Paradox causes much frustration and confusion for self-proclaimed nice guys. In addition, the implications of this perception may negatively influence the way in which men relate to women. For instance, the Nice Guy Paradox implies that if men want to be successful with women, they should not be nice guys. In the last 15 years, a few psychological studies have opted to focus on the Nice Guy Paradox. These studies are almost all quantitative in nature. In fact, a literature search only found one small qualitative study devoted to this topic. Most of the existing research on the Nice Guy Paradox attempts to answer the question “Do nice guys really finish last?” in the absence of exploratory research aimed at better understanding this perception. For this reason, most existing research on the Nice Guy Paradox can be argued to be somewhat presumptuous and its usefulness in trying to understand this phenomenon is questionable. In an attempt to compensate for the shortcomings of existing research on the Nice Guy Paradox, this study endeavors to capture the unique experience of this social phenomenon through the utilization of a phenomenological method of inquiry. In this way, this research attempts to yield a fresh and foundational understanding of the Nice Guy Paradox. Three female university students were sourced and interviewed for the purposes of this study. These participants had all had relationship experience, as well as experience of the Nice Guy Paradox at the time of the interviews. In order to obtain optimally rudimentary experiences of the Nice Guy Paradox, open-ended interviews were conducted. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and non-verbal cues were indicated where necessary. These transcriptions constitute the raw data of the study. They were analyzed using a specific phenomenological, stepwise method. The data analysis produced central themes that were discussed in relation to literature findings in order to consolidate their validity and to position the findings of this study in relation to existing theory and research. On the basis of these central themes, an essential structure of the participants’ experiences of the Nice Guy Paradox was synthesized. According to this structure, the nice guys referred to by the Nice Guy Paradox characteristically lack confidence, try too hard to please women and are submissive in relationships. These men are mistreated and rejected by women for the following reasons. Firstly, nice guys allow themselves to be mistreated because of their submissive tendencies. Secondly, relationships with these men are not challenging and exciting. Thirdly, women find nice guy characteristics irritating and frustrating. Fourthly, nice guys lack certain characteristics including dominance, strength, physical attractiveness, confidence, leadership and social status, which women find attractive. Also according to this structure, the Nice Guy Paradox applies more strongly to younger people than older people. In addition, niceness in isolation is a desirable trait in a man. However, the other nice guy characteristics are unattractive to women. This research holds value since it constitutes the first comprehensive phenomenological, insight-orientated study on the Nice Guy Paradox. On the basis of the new understanding that this study yields, recommendations with regard to practical application have been put forward. In addition, suggestions for future research have been provided.

The research served a dual purpose: (i) to explore men’s subjective experiences of their violence toward their intimate partners and, (ii) to examine how men talk about their violence in an attempt to establish credibility in their accounts. The first emphasised the subjective and emotional bases of individual experience and the second contextualised these descriptions within a broader societal framework. Highlighting the shortcomings of a quantitative research paradigm, the research utilised a qualitative framework which privileged first-person descriptions as the primary sources of subjective meaning. Although oriented toward a phenomenological approach, the research drew upon elements of psychoanalysis and discursive psychology. Twelve men were recruited from three organisations in Johannesburg. Via in-depth semi-structured interviews, men’s most vivid incident(s) of violence were explored. Thematic analysis revealed two levels of meaning: men’s descriptions of their violence (narrative content) and, processes by which they talked about their violence (narrative form). On the subjective dimension, seemingly contradictory experiences of violence were evident, clustering around five central themes: (i) violence as ‘being out of control’, (ii) violence as ‘having control’ over another, (iii) the continuum of love and violence, (iv) violence versus emotionality and (v) the violent self as ‘not me’. In feminist-psychoanalytic terms, men’s emotional dependence on their partners was denied or repressed. Violence represented a negation or devaluation of the feminine where male vulnerability and powerlessness, once exposed, became intolerable to bear. The ability to integrate and tolerate contradictory aspects of self (i.e. ‘emotional’ and ‘rational’) was a decisive step towards healing and becoming the ‘changed man’. On the discursive level, through ‘talk’, men negotiated an identity of ‘changed man’ that provided distance from the ‘violent self’. Attention to the narrative as a persuasive tool revealed ways in which the men attempted to establish credibility in their accounts of violence – achieved by socially positioning themselves in relation to their violence, agreeing to talk and employing impression management ‘strategies’, such as dissociations, justifications and confessions. Reconciling the two levels of analyses, the tension between dominant gendered discourses on masculinity that men relied on (i.e. that which fosters masculine ‘toughness’, whilst diminishing ‘weakness’ or emotionality), and the psychological interior of their actual experiences was evident. A ‘multiplicity approach’ that accords significance to both societal constructions of gender and their impact on men’s behaviour, whilst giving expression to the psychological reality of men’s experiences could prove beneficial in fostering change.

Os valores da cultura masculina envolvem comportamentos de risco à saúde, sendo que a forma como os homens constroem e vivenciam a sua masculinidade torna-se uma das matrizes masculinas dos modos de adoecer e morrer. Objetivos: Considerando-se a relevância para o planejamento de políticas de saúde, este estudo abarcou, enquanto objetivo geral: Descrever e analisar os fatores associados à procura dos serviços de saúde por pessoas do sexo masculino e sexo feminino. Os objetivos específicos visaram: Descrever o perfil sócio-demográfico e clínico-epidemiológico de homens e mulheres que procuram os serviços de saúde nos níveis de complexidade primário e secundário; Descrever variáveis relacionadas à procura e aderência aos serviços de saúde entre homens e mulheres e entre os níveis de complexidade primário e secundário; Comparar a procura e aderência aos serviços de saúde entre homens e mulheres considerando-se os níveis de complexidade primário e secundário; Caracterizar os serviços de saúde que apresentam aspectos considerados adequados relacionados à procura e aderência entre o sexo masculino e o feminino. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, no qual se utilizou roteiro estruturado de entrevista, aplicado mediante seleção aleatória de homens e mulheres que se encontravam, no momento da coleta de dados, nos seguintes serviços de saúde do município de Ribeirão Preto: Núcleos de Saúde da Família I e IV da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, além de ambulatórios e enfermarias clínicas e cirúrgicas do Hospital Estadual de Ribeirão Preto. As variáveis dependentes deste estudo foram: o sexo do usuário (considerado como indicador cultural) e a procura pelo serviço de saúde (considerada como indicador do uso de serviços de saúde). As variáveis independentes do estudo incluíram: características sócio-demográficas e clínico-epidemiológicas. A amostra do estudo foi composta por 320 pessoas. Para a análise de associação entre variáveis empregou-se a Razão de Prevalência e seu Intervalo de Confiança a 95%. Resultados: Os resultados sugerem como fatores de risco para a não procura: ser do sexo masculino, o horário de funcionamento das unidades de saúde versus o horário de trabalho do usuário e a referência de não possuir nenhuma doença. Em contrapartida, os fatores de proteção contra a não procura, ou seja, de favorecimento da procura foram: ser usuário de Unidades com Equipe de Saúde da Família, ser do sexo feminino e do lar, estar situado na faixa etária de 50 a 65 anos, possuir domicílio próprio, juntamente, com uma renda individual e familiar maior que quatro salários míninos, ser aposentado/pensionista, comparecer aos retornos e ser acompanhante de algum familiar ou outros aos serviços de saúde. Conclusão: É relevante a efetiva consolidação de um modelo de atenção à saúde que questione a contradição existente entre os dados epidemiológicos quanto à saúde masculina e a posição dos serviços de saúde de permanecerem no senso comum da invulnerabilidade dos homens ao adoecimento. / The values of the masculine culture involving health risk behaviors, and how men construct their masculinity and experience becomes one of the matrices of the male modes of illness and death. Objectives: Considering the relevance for the planning of health policies, this study encompassed, while overall goal: To describe and analyze the factors associated with seeking health services for males and females. The specific objectives aimed at: Describe the socio-demographic, clinical and epidemiological study of men and women seeking health services at the levels of primary and secondary complexity; describe variables related to demand and adherence to health services for men and women and between levels of complexity primary and secondary; Compare and demand adherence to health services for men and women considering the levels of primary and secondary complexity; characterize health services that have considered aspects related to demand and adequate adhesion between sex male and female. Methods: This is a transversal study in which we used structured interviews applied by random selection of men and women who were at the time of data collection, the following health services in Ribeirão Preto: Family Health Unit I and IV of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, as well as ambulatories and clinical and surgical wards from the State Hospital of Ribeirão Preto. The dependent variables in this study were: the user gender (regarded as cultural marker) and demand for health services (considered as an indicator of the use of health services).The independent variables of the study included: socio-demographic, clinical and epidemiological characteristics. The study sample consisted of 320 people. For the analysis of association between variables it was used the prevalence ratio and its confidence interval at 95%. Results: The results suggested as risk factors for non-seeking: being male, the opening hours of health facilities versus user\'s working hours and not reporting any disease. In contrast, protective factors against non-demand, that is, facilitation of search, were: to be anuser of the Family Health Unit, being female and work at home, being situated at the age of 50 to 65 years, owning their own home, along with an individual and family incomes greater than four times the minimum wage, retired / pensioner, from returns appear to be a companion of a family member or other health services. Conclusion: It is relevant to the effective consolidation of a model of health care to question the contradiction between the epidemiological data regarding the position of men\'s health and health services which remain in the common sense of invulnerability to the disease of men.

Os valores da cultura masculina envolvem comportamentos de risco à saúde, sendo que a forma como os homens constroem e vivenciam a sua masculinidade torna-se uma das matrizes masculinas dos modos de adoecer e morrer. Objetivos: Considerando-se a relevância para o planejamento de políticas de saúde, este estudo abarcou, enquanto objetivo geral: Descrever e analisar os fatores associados à procura dos serviços de saúde por pessoas do sexo masculino e sexo feminino. Os objetivos específicos visaram: Descrever o perfil sócio-demográfico e clínico-epidemiológico de homens e mulheres que procuram os serviços de saúde nos níveis de complexidade primário e secundário; Descrever variáveis relacionadas à procura e aderência aos serviços de saúde entre homens e mulheres e entre os níveis de complexidade primário e secundário; Comparar a procura e aderência aos serviços de saúde entre homens e mulheres considerando-se os níveis de complexidade primário e secundário; Caracterizar os serviços de saúde que apresentam aspectos considerados adequados relacionados à procura e aderência entre o sexo masculino e o feminino. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, no qual se utilizou roteiro estruturado de entrevista, aplicado mediante seleção aleatória de homens e mulheres que se encontravam, no momento da coleta de dados, nos seguintes serviços de saúde do município de Ribeirão Preto: Núcleos de Saúde da Família I e IV da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, além de ambulatórios e enfermarias clínicas e cirúrgicas do Hospital Estadual de Ribeirão Preto. As variáveis dependentes deste estudo foram: o sexo do usuário (considerado como indicador cultural) e a procura pelo serviço de saúde (considerada como indicador do uso de serviços de saúde). As variáveis independentes do estudo incluíram: características sócio-demográficas e clínico-epidemiológicas. A amostra do estudo foi composta por 320 pessoas. Para a análise de associação entre variáveis empregou-se a Razão de Prevalência e seu Intervalo de Confiança a 95%. Resultados: Os resultados sugerem como fatores de risco para a não procura: ser do sexo masculino, o horário de funcionamento das unidades de saúde versus o horário de trabalho do usuário e a referência de não possuir nenhuma doença. Em contrapartida, os fatores de proteção contra a não procura, ou seja, de favorecimento da procura foram: ser usuário de Unidades com Equipe de Saúde da Família, ser do sexo feminino e do lar, estar situado na faixa etária de 50 a 65 anos, possuir domicílio próprio, juntamente, com uma renda individual e familiar maior que quatro salários míninos, ser aposentado/pensionista, comparecer aos retornos e ser acompanhante de algum familiar ou outros aos serviços de saúde. Conclusão: É relevante a efetiva consolidação de um modelo de atenção à saúde que questione a contradição existente entre os dados epidemiológicos quanto à saúde masculina e a posição dos serviços de saúde de permanecerem no senso comum da invulnerabilidade dos homens ao adoecimento. / The values of the masculine culture involving health risk behaviors, and how men construct their masculinity and experience becomes one of the matrices of the male modes of illness and death. Objectives: Considering the relevance for the planning of health policies, this study encompassed, while overall goal: To describe and analyze the factors associated with seeking health services for males and females. The specific objectives aimed at: Describe the socio-demographic, clinical and epidemiological study of men and women seeking health services at the levels of primary and secondary complexity; describe variables related to demand and adherence to health services for men and women and between levels of complexity primary and secondary; Compare and demand adherence to health services for men and women considering the levels of primary and secondary complexity; characterize health services that have considered aspects related to demand and adequate adhesion between sex male and female. Methods: This is a transversal study in which we used structured interviews applied by random selection of men and women who were at the time of data collection, the following health services in Ribeirão Preto: Family Health Unit I and IV of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, as well as ambulatories and clinical and surgical wards from the State Hospital of Ribeirão Preto. The dependent variables in this study were: the user gender (regarded as cultural marker) and demand for health services (considered as an indicator of the use of health services).The independent variables of the study included: socio-demographic, clinical and epidemiological characteristics. The study sample consisted of 320 people. For the analysis of association between variables it was used the prevalence ratio and its confidence interval at 95%. Results: The results suggested as risk factors for non-seeking: being male, the opening hours of health facilities versus user\'s working hours and not reporting any disease. In contrast, protective factors against non-demand, that is, facilitation of search, were: to be anuser of the Family Health Unit, being female and work at home, being situated at the age of 50 to 65 years, owning their own home, along with an individual and family incomes greater than four times the minimum wage, retired / pensioner, from returns appear to be a companion of a family member or other health services. Conclusion: It is relevant to the effective consolidation of a model of health care to question the contradiction between the epidemiological data regarding the position of men\'s health and health services which remain in the common sense of invulnerability to the disease of men.

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston University

Submitted by Carvalho Dias João Paulo (joao.dias@famerp.br) on 2018-04-09T14:03:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 franciscoppinheiro_dissert.pdf: 2652106 bytes, checksum: d8b41972ded49c36bd524b42677ff8a2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-09T14:03:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 franciscoppinheiro_dissert.pdf: 2652106 bytes, checksum: d8b41972ded49c36bd524b42677ff8a2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-20 / Introduction: The comfort of modern life causes two important side effects: physical inactivity and obesity. The current lifestyle is strongly influenced by sedentary behavior with a possible effect on sexual activity. Objective: To investigate the relationship between sedentary lifestyle and erectile dysfunction (DE), considering: a) the clinical characterization of patients; b) an evaluation of the level of physical activity, and c) a possible correlation between ED and physical activity. Patients and Method: We prospectively studied 50 patients with ED treated between August 2014 and February 2015. The analysis of the association between the degree of ED (moderate and severe) and qualitative variables (diabetes, alcoholism, smoking and physical activity) was investigated using Pearson's chi-square test. Results: Of the patients studied, 21 (42%) had moderate (grade 2) and 29 (58%) of severe (grade 3). The most common age (38%) was the sixth decade of life. Most patients (86%) was overweight. Regarding the level of physical activity of the participants, 38 (76%) reported being active, 6 (12%) insufficiently active and 6 (12%) reported though sedentary. Results showed that 38 participants (76%) presented DE even being physically active, contrary to our initial expectations, since regular physical activity has not reduced the occurrence of ED. Conclusions: There was predominance of patients with ED in the sixty decade of life and overweight. The majority of patients with ED presented high level of physical activity. There was not a significant association between ED (moderate and severe) and level of physical activity (active, insufficiently active, and sedentary). / Introdução: O conforto que a vida moderna oferece traz dois importantes efeitos colaterais: sedentarismo e obesidade. O estilo de vida adotado atualmente tem sido fortemente influenciado pela adoção de comportamentos sedentários, os quais podem refletir-se na atividade sexual. Objetivo: Investigar a relação entre estilo de vida sedentário e disfunção erétil, considerando-se: a) caracterização clínica e demográfica dos pacientes; b) determinação do nível de atividade física e c) correlação entre DE e a prática de atividade física. Casuística e Método: Foram estudados prospectivamente 50 pacientes com DE atendidos entre agosto/2014 e fevereiro/2015. A análise de associação entre grau de DE (moderado e grave) e variáveis qualitativas (diabetes, etilismo, tabagismo e nível de atividade física) foi efetuada por meio do teste quiquadrado de Pearson. Resultados: Dos pacientes estudados, 21 (42%) tinham DE moderada (grau 2) e 29 (58%) DE grave (grau 3). A faixa etária mais frequente (38%) foi a sexta década de vida. A maioria dos pacientes (86%) apresentou excesso de peso corpóreo. Com relação ao nível de atividade física dos participantes, 38 (76%) declararam-se ativos, 6 (12%) insuficientemente ativos e 6 (12%) afirmaram ser sedentários. Os resultados mostraram que 38 participantes (76%) apresentaram DE mesmo sendo fisicamente ativos, contrariando nossas expectativas iniciais, pois a atividade física regular não minimizou a ocorrência de DE. Conclusões: Houve predomínio de pacientes com DE na sexta década de vida e com excesso de peso. O nível de atividade física da maioria dos participantes foi elevado. Não houve associação significativa entre DE (graus moderado e grave) e nível de atividade física (ativo, insuficientemente ativo e sedentário).