Orientador: Geraldo Di Giovanni / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T12:45:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bom_Joana_M.pdf: 1044202 bytes, checksum: d35fffa1458652d1a84deab80b11df1a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: O presente trabalho visa estabelecer uma distinção clara entre as diferentes visões do cooperativismo, partindo de uma percepção de que cada visão varia consoante as ideologias em que se enquadra. O intuito é demonstrar que, dentro de uma interpretação mais geral da realidade social, são atribuídas ao cooperativismo funções diferenciadas consoante o propósito ideológico. Isto é, entender como o cooperativismo é encarado como um meio para diferentes fins. Para isso, se remonta às suas origens, o século XIX, onde se desenrola lado a lado com a nova era industrial. Nesse contexto, se destacam as idéias que na altura se desenvolveram em torno do cooperativismo entre o debate teórico das ideologias que se formularam ao longo do século - socialismo utópico, marxismo, anarquismo e social-democracia. Foram selecionados autores de referência entre as doutrinas emergentes, onde se encontram perspectivas diferenciadas quanto ao cooperativismo e de onde se depreende, portanto, que o seu suposto caráter alternativo quanto ao modo de produção capitalista se prende com questões maiores em suas teorias mais gerais. Assim, através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, começo por fazer uma breve contextualização histórica do século XIX, o século das grandes mudanças, assim como uma exposição das principais idéias contidas nas correntes que então emergem. A nova sociedade reestruturada após a Revolução Industrial era alvo de interpretações diferenciadas entre as diferentes doutrinas e, assim, também o eram as práticas cooperativas. Desse modo, prossegue-se para a extração dos elementos cooperativistas encontrados ao longo das obras dos autores para posteriormente se clarificar e nomenclaturar os diferentes cooperativismos. Por fim, analisando todo ele à luz do materialismo histórico pretende-se esclarecer em que moldes o cooperativismo pode cumprir algum papel para a transitoriedade positiva do modo capitalista de produção / Abstract: This work aims to establish a clear distinction between different visions about cooperativism, from the starting perception that those visions vary according to the ideologies they belong to. The goal is to show that, within a broader interpretation of the social reality, one gives cooperativism different functions according to the ideological purpose. This means to understand how cooperativism is seen as a way to different ends. To explain it, we go back to its origins, the 19th century, where it was developed side by side with the New Industrial Era. To do that, ideas around cooperativism and the theoretical debate about ideologies from that century are shown: utopian socialism, Marxism, anarquism and social democracy. Authors from those doctrines are selected to show how cooperativism appears as a way to different ends among those general theories. Through bibliographical research, an introductory historical context regarding the 19th century is made, the century of those great changes, as well as an introduction to the emergent ideas and theories that occurred in that century. That new society, structured after the Industrial Revolution, was seen differently by the different doctrines, as well as its "cooperativistic" elements. This way, and starting from the visions from the authors, we clarify and state the different "cooperativisms". Having these in mind, and analyzing them from the historical materialism point of view, I will seek to understand how cooperativism can have a word in a positive transition of the capitalism productive method / Mestrado / Economia Social e do Trabalho / Mestra em Desenvolvimento Econômico

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This thesis explores the relation between technology and the social, how they determine and naturalize each other, by examining YouTube's socio-technical infrastructure. YouTube is theorized as a dispositif that produces regimes of knowledge, power and subjectification within "control societies" characterized by an informational mode of production. Utilizing a media archaeological and materialist, critical theoretical approach, I analyze YouTube's database, interface, users, algorithms and protocols alongside economic factors, media, advertising and intellectual property laws, as technical and social forces of production in which power relations arise. I find that YouTube incites users to make themselves visible through information inputs, processed by database algorithms to produce outputs as inevitable representations of user actions. On the interface, this is translated as a sequence of algorimages, defined by what is "up next", in accordance with an information and "attention economy" extracting revenue by capturing and commodifying users' attention into hierarchies of value. I conclude that algorimages, whether of cats or political violence, are made homogeneous by the execution of an algorithmic command of continual update, propagating them through their destruction as necropower in a necropolitical regime of visibility, producing YouTube as an "ecology of finitude" and control societies as an inevitable, "third nature".

The paper builds on the Marxist concept of exploitation to explore the meaning of the Post Keynesian notion of uncertainty. Uncertainty is mediated by institutions and is distributed unevenly among different social groups. As different historical social formations entail different institutional structures, the distribution and nature of uncertainty also differ. The configurations between class relations and uncertainty are analyzed for the capitalist, feudal and slave modes of production. It is demonstrated that modes of production do not only imply specific exploitative relations but also different relative distributions of uncertainty amongst classes. Joining Marxian and Post Keynesian approaches allows a richer understanding of exploitive relations and illuminates the full societal impact of uncertainty. It is shown that only in capitalism is the exploited class exposed to a substantial degree of economic uncertainty. (author's abstract) / Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series

ABSTRACT During Dutch Colonial domination, one of the most controversial themes was that why the Indonesian society had failed to generate an indigenous bourgeoisie. Since the post-colonial era, most developing countries are facing three dilemmas: the state building, the formation of social classes, the capital accumulation. For the methodology, the dissertation both takes a¡§state-center¡¨view and tries to apply an approach to explore the formation of Bureaucratic Capitalist during Suharto time with a view of historical-structure from the concept of state, class and capital. Furthermore, the studies will focus on three fields. First, why over 350 years, the mercantile policy of the colonial regime had failed to penetrate into the whole Indonesia shaping an indigenous bourgeoisie. Secondly, from 1950 to 1965, President Sukarno had taken the state-capitalism as a developmental strategy why Indonesian society still had not found indigenous bourgeoisie strong enough to take responsibility of leading capitalist revolution. Thirdly, after 1965, in the power of Suharto, the state has played a decisive role in the shaping the development of big entrepreneurs in the post-colonial Indonesia. In addition, the studies will review and provide a critical analysis of the works of Indonesia Studies in the West, and continues to dialogue with the contemporary academician in the field. Key Words: Agricultural Involution, Asian Mode of Production, Pre-capitalism, Dual Economy, Articulation Theory, State Apparatus, Capital Accumulation, Commercialization, Bureaucratic-Capitalist Class

Critical studies and creative works in the Sesotho novel have made some of the important contributions in Sesotho literary history in particular, and African literary history in general. However, such contribution has been dictated by a particular history and an ideology. The world-view in literary practice that emerged from that history is the one that tends to divorce literature, literary study and language from society. Consequently, this study identifies this practice as a problem that needs to be addressed. This study argues from this perspective that literature, literary study and language should be re-established as integral parts in a manner that pedagogical practice would translate into positive social practices. To realise this ideal the study approaches the study of the Sesotho novel from the perspective of literary production. The theory of literary production insists that literature is a form of social production. This argument becomes even more pertinent to the study of the novel, which is viewed as having profound elements of realism that mirror society. A consideration of the Sesotho novel as a form of literary production that is linked to other forms of social production immediately leads to the question of the development of the Sesotho novel. The possibilities that are identified include external influence and internal evolution in the development of the Sesotho novel. These possibilities also have a bearing on the study of the Sesotho novel in particular and the study of the African novel in general. In order to pursue the argument to its logical conclusion, the development of the Sesotho novel is divided into three periods: 1900-1930; 1930-1960 and the 1960s- 1990s. Each of these periods demonstrates a particular ideological leaning that is akin to the material conditions of each period. Taking this trend as a pattern in the development of the Sesotho novel, this study advocates an approach that links literature and literary studies to society. / African Languages / D.Litt. et Phil. (African Languages)

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a história da resistência e da luta dos moradores e do Movimento de Luta por Moradia (MLM) pelo bairro de Vila Operária em Guarulhos, SP. A partir da sistematização das experiências dos moradores, buscou-se construir uma história da luta do bairro através das ações de resistência às reintegrações de posse em um espaço com problemas de regulamentação fundiária disputado pela iniciativa privada, por posseiros e pelo Estado. A partir da análise das estruturas econômicas e a superestrutura Estado e suas instituições ao longo da história do Brasil, verificou-se a continuidade da exclusão social e da concentração de renda e fundiária, que contribui com o crescimento das periferias na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Os movimentos sociais de moradia pela Reforma Urbana buscam a regularização fundiária de bairros estabelecidos, caso da Vila Operária, e têm se dedicado em defender os direitos constitucionais e o respeito às leis municipais e ao Plano Diretor. A análise da experiência dos moradores e da Vila Operária permitirá avaliar as ações de movimentos sociais de moradia pela Reforma Urbana em um contexto de regulação híbrida do Direito em que Estado e empresas atuam em conjunto na repressão às ações coletivas e à democracia / This reserch aims to present the history of resistance and struggle of the residents and of the Movement for Struggle for Housing (MLM) in the neighborhood of Vila Operária in Guarulhos, SP. From the systematization of the residents\' experiences, the aim was to construct a history of the neighborhood struggle through the actions of resistance to the reintegration of tenure in a space with land regulation problems disputed by the private initiative, squatters and the State. From the analysis of economic structures and the superstructure - State and its institutions - throughout the history of Brazil, the continuity of social exclusion and concentration of income and land ownership has been verified, which contributes to the growth of the peripheries in the Metropolitan Region of Sao Paulo. The social movements of housing by the Urban Reform seek the land regularization of established neighborhoods, in the case of Vila Operária, and has been dedicated in defending the constitutional rights and the respect to the municipal laws and the Master Plan. The analysis of the experience of the residents and Vila Operária will allow to evaluate the actions of social movements of housing by the Urban Reform in a context of Hybrid Law regulation in which State and companies act together in the repression of collective actions and democracy

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a história da resistência e da luta dos moradores e do Movimento de Luta por Moradia (MLM) pelo bairro de Vila Operária em Guarulhos, SP. A partir da sistematização das experiências dos moradores, buscou-se construir uma história da luta do bairro através das ações de resistência às reintegrações de posse em um espaço com problemas de regulamentação fundiária disputado pela iniciativa privada, por posseiros e pelo Estado. A partir da análise das estruturas econômicas e a superestrutura Estado e suas instituições ao longo da história do Brasil, verificou-se a continuidade da exclusão social e da concentração de renda e fundiária, que contribui com o crescimento das periferias na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Os movimentos sociais de moradia pela Reforma Urbana buscam a regularização fundiária de bairros estabelecidos, caso da Vila Operária, e têm se dedicado em defender os direitos constitucionais e o respeito às leis municipais e ao Plano Diretor. A análise da experiência dos moradores e da Vila Operária permitirá avaliar as ações de movimentos sociais de moradia pela Reforma Urbana em um contexto de regulação híbrida do Direito em que Estado e empresas atuam em conjunto na repressão às ações coletivas e à democracia / This reserch aims to present the history of resistance and struggle of the residents and of the Movement for Struggle for Housing (MLM) in the neighborhood of Vila Operária in Guarulhos, SP. From the systematization of the residents\' experiences, the aim was to construct a history of the neighborhood struggle through the actions of resistance to the reintegration of tenure in a space with land regulation problems disputed by the private initiative, squatters and the State. From the analysis of economic structures and the superstructure - State and its institutions - throughout the history of Brazil, the continuity of social exclusion and concentration of income and land ownership has been verified, which contributes to the growth of the peripheries in the Metropolitan Region of Sao Paulo. The social movements of housing by the Urban Reform seek the land regularization of established neighborhoods, in the case of Vila Operária, and has been dedicated in defending the constitutional rights and the respect to the municipal laws and the Master Plan. The analysis of the experience of the residents and Vila Operária will allow to evaluate the actions of social movements of housing by the Urban Reform in a context of Hybrid Law regulation in which State and companies act together in the repression of collective actions and democracy

Employing a technological approach derived from the 'Anthropology of Technology' theoretical literature, this thesis concerns the identifi cation and explanation of change in prehistoric extractive metallurgical behaviour in the Khao Wong Prachan Valley of central Thailand. The 'Valley' metallurgical complex, amongst the largest in Eurasia, constitutes Southeast Asia's only documented industrial-scale copper-smelting evidence. The two smelting sites investigated, Non Pa Wai and Nil Kham Haeng, provide an interrupted but analytically useful sequence of metallurgical consumption and production evidence spanning c. 1450 BCE to c. 300 CE. The enormous quantity of industrial waste at these sites suggests they were probably major copper supply nodes within ancient Southeast Asian metal exchange networks. Excavated samples of mineral, technical ceramic, and slag from Non Pa Wai and Nil Kham Haeng were analysed in hand specimen, microstructurally by refl ected-light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and chemically by polarising energy dispersive x-ray fl uorescence spectrometry ([P]ED-XRF) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray fl uorescence spectrometry (SEM-EDS). Resulting analytical data were used to generate detailed technological reconstructions of copper smelting behaviour at the two sites, which were refi ned by a programme of fi eld experimentation. Results indicate a long-term improvement in the technical profi ciency of Valley metalworkers, accompanied by an increase in the human effort of copper production. This shift in local 'metallurgical ethos' is interpreted as a response to rising regional demand for copper in late prehistory.

Critical studies and creative works in the Sesotho novel have made some of the important contributions in Sesotho literary history in particular, and African literary history in general. However, such contribution has been dictated by a particular history and an ideology. The world-view in literary practice that emerged from that history is the one that tends to divorce literature, literary study and language from society. Consequently, this study identifies this practice as a problem that needs to be addressed. This study argues from this perspective that literature, literary study and language should be re-established as integral parts in a manner that pedagogical practice would translate into positive social practices. To realise this ideal the study approaches the study of the Sesotho novel from the perspective of literary production. The theory of literary production insists that literature is a form of social production. This argument becomes even more pertinent to the study of the novel, which is viewed as having profound elements of realism that mirror society. A consideration of the Sesotho novel as a form of literary production that is linked to other forms of social production immediately leads to the question of the development of the Sesotho novel. The possibilities that are identified include external influence and internal evolution in the development of the Sesotho novel. These possibilities also have a bearing on the study of the Sesotho novel in particular and the study of the African novel in general. In order to pursue the argument to its logical conclusion, the development of the Sesotho novel is divided into three periods: 1900-1930; 1930-1960 and the 1960s- 1990s. Each of these periods demonstrates a particular ideological leaning that is akin to the material conditions of each period. Taking this trend as a pattern in the development of the Sesotho novel, this study advocates an approach that links literature and literary studies to society. / African Languages / D.Litt. et Phil. (African Languages)