Purpose – Previously, modularity has mainly been studied in a production context. This paper highlights the opportunities and challenges of a modular strategy in an internationalisation context. It identifies which module components become active when entering new markets and suggests a model for how a modular internationalisation architecture can be designed. Design/methodology/approach – Results from a single case study of a multinational corporation in the vehicle industry, where managers of different departments involved in the internationalisation process support the possibility to create a modular internationalisation architecture. Findings – The findings suggest that the most important opportunities arising from modularity when entering new markets are the clear structure and shorter time to market. The main challenges to overcome are the risk of loss of flexibility and the issues of designing a modular architecture. Based on the key components in the case firm, one initial project-based departmentalised matrix structure is designed which can also help overcome the issues of choosing between standardisation and adaptation. Practical implications – The modular internationalisation architecture may help managers in multinational corporations who are already working with modularity in production to also organise the internal structure of their internationalisation process. Originality/value – This study includes a new model for multinational corporations entering new markets – the modular internationalisation architecture – which makes it possible to structure processes depending on internationalisation factors. The model should be seen as an initial suggestion of how a modular internationalisation architecture can be designed, but it may need to be further developed and tested. Keywords – International business, Internationalisation strategy, Organisational structure, Modularity, Modular processes, Modules, Components Paper type – Master’s thesis

This is a bachelor thesis on the subject of aesthetics in design in the realm of video game art. Our intention is to investigate if basic, geometrical shapes will highlight certain physical attributes or characteristics, triggered by the visual appearance of a designed product in what is essentially an aesthetic response. We test this subject in the realm of videogames, through our own design and production of 3D-models. A survey is then conducted with participants observing these models and answering questions relating to certain attributes that we intended for these models to display through their visual, aesthetic appearance. The survey shows that participant responses and general opinions regarding the design of these models were largely what we expected and set out to achieve. While we can not empirically verify these results as conclusive and the opinions and theories proposed in this thesis are largely dependent on context and personal experience, we believe an attention to aesthetics in design can effectively guide the aesthetic response an observer or user may experience with a product or artefact.

This paper presents the theory of Noetherian filtrations, an important concept in commutative algebra. The paper describes many aspects of the theory of these objects, presenting basic results, examples and applications. In the study of Noetherian filtrations, a few other important concepts are introduced such as Rees algebras, essential powers filtrations, and filtrations on modules. Basic results on these are presented as well. This thesis discusses at length how Noetherian filtrations relate to important constructions in commutative algebra, such as graded rings and modules, dimension theory and associated primes. In addition, the paper presents an original proof of the finiteness of the intersection algebra of principal ideals in a UFD. It concludes by discussing possible applications of this result to other areas of commutative algebra.

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This thesis investigates the design of a CubeLab Module frame to facilitate biological research aboard the International Space Station (ISS). With the National Laboratory designation of the ISS by the United States Congress the barriers for use of the facility have been lowered for commercial and academic entities, allowing greater volume and diversity in the research that can be done. Researchers in biology and other areas could benefit from development and adoption of a plug-and-play payload containment system for use in the microgravity/space environment of the ISS. This research includes design and analysis of such a system. It also includes production and testing of a prototype. The relevant NASA requirements are documented, and they were considered during the design phase. Results from finite element analyses to predict performance of a proposed design under expected service conditions are reported. Results from functional testing of the prototype are also provided. A discussion of future work needed before the structure outlined in this thesis can become commercially viable is also presented.

This paper presents the theory of Noetherian filtrations, an important concept in commutative algebra. The paper describes many aspects of the theory of these objects, presenting basic results, examples and applications. In the study of Noetherian filtrations, a few other important concepts are introduced such as Rees algebras, essential powers filtrations, and filtrations on modules. Basic results on these are presented as well. This thesis discusses at length how Noetherian filtrations relate to important constructions in commutative algebra, such as graded rings and modules, dimension theory and associated primes. In addition, the paper presents an original proof of the finiteness of the intersection algebra of principal ideals in a UFD. It concludes by discussing possible applications of this result to other areas of commutative algebra.

Cette thèse s'inscrit dans le cadre de la correspondance de Langlands locale $p$-adique, imaginée par Breuil et établie par Colmez pour GL_2(Q_p). Soit L une extension finie de Q_p et soit V une L-représentation irréductible du groupe de Galois absolu de Q_p, de dimension 2. En utilisant la théorie des (phi,Gamma)-modules de Fontaine, Colmez associe à V une GL_2(Q_p)-représentation de Banach Pi(V), unitaire, admissible, topologiquement irréductible. On donne une nouvelle preuve, nettement plus simple, d'un théorème de Colmez, qui permet de décrire les vecteurs localement analytiques Pi(V)^an de Pi(V) en fonction du (phi,\Gamma)-module surconvergent attaché à V. Le résultat principal de cette thèse est une description simple de l'action infinitésimale de GL_2(Q_p) sur Pi(V)^an. En particulier, on montre que Pi(V)^an admet un caractère infinitésimal, que l'on peut calculer en fonction des poids de Hodge-Tate de V, ce qui répond à une question de Harris. En utilisant ces résultats, on montre aussi l'absence d'un analogue p-adique d'un théorème classique de Tunnell et Saito, répondant à une autre question de Harris. Nous étendons et précisons certains résultats de Colmez concernant le modèle de Kirillov des vecteurs U-finis de Pi(V) (U est l'unipotent supérieur de GL_2(Q_p)). En combinant cette étude avec la description de l'action infinitésimale, on obtient une démonstration simple d'un des résultats principaux de Colmez, caractérisant les représentations V telles que Pi(V) possède des vecteurs localement algébriques non nuls. Ce résultat permet de faire le pont avec la correspondance classique et est un des ingrédients clés de la preuve d'Emerton de la conjecture de Fontaine-Mazur en dimension 2. On étend nos méthodes pour démontrer l'analogue de ce résultat pour les déformations infinitésimales de V. Cela répond à une question de Paskunas et a des applications à la conjecture de Breuil-Mézard. Une autre application est l'étude du module de Jacquet de Pi(V)^an. On montre qu'il est non nul si et seulement si V est trianguline, ce qui permet de donner une preuve simple des conjectures de Berger, Breuil et Emerton. Enfin, dans un travail en collaboration avec Benjamin Schraen, nous démontrons le lemme de Schur pour les représentations de Banach et localement analytiques topologiquement irréductibles d'un groupe de Lie p-adique. Ce résultat basique n'était connu que pour des groupes de Lie commutatifs et pour GL_2(Q_p).

Notons A:=Fq[T] et k:=Fq(T). Soient φ un A-module de Drinfeld défini sur la clôture algébrique de k et h sa hauteur canonique. Soient K/k une extension finie et L/K une extension galoisienne infinie. Par analogie avec la terminologie utilisée par E. Bombieri et U. Zannier, on dit que L a la propriété (B,φ) s'il existe une constante strictement positive qui minore h sur L privé des points de torsion de φ. S. David et A. Pacheco ont montré que pour tout module de Drinfeld φ, la clôture abélienne de K a la propriété (B,φ). Dans cette thèse nous généralisons, dans le cadre des modules de Drinfeld à multiplications complexes, ce résultat.

Over the next few years, major investments in healthcare buildings is to be performed. Most surgical theaters are in need of technological upgrades as the technology is outdated. In most cases not only a refurbishment is performed but also an expansion. The basis for expansion, is due to a large increased number of patients, but also to the complexity of the refitment. Partly it's because evacuations are difficult to implement and the disturbance that occurs in conjunction with the refitment. Löwenströmska hospital undergoing a technical upgrad. The hospital has a relatively small operation department, and during the summer the business may be closed. Rebuilding in stages is done to rehabilitate the department technically. Work is underway for four summers and covers a total refurbishment of the premises. Although shutdown is possible, the project is still complex. The purpose of this study is to examine whether other construction methods than rebuilding had been of value to the surgical department at Löwenströmska hospital. The goal is to overlook the efficiency of production, reduce the complexity added through the conversion, and compare the methods economically. Methods that have been examined are a new construction of a department, new construction with partial conversion and modules. The work is also carried out to facilitate the choice of method for future projects. The basis of the work lies in discussions and interviews with persons involved in the project. And review of blueprints and technical specifications . The conclusion of this study is that depending on the chosen construction method various advantages is gained. Depending on the circumstances and opportunities provided , all results provide beneficial solutions. Therefore, all investigated methods individually reviewed for similar projects.