As bromélias são valorizadas por suas características ornamentais, sendo o gênero Vriesea representativo neste setor. O aprimoramento de métodos de propagação in vitro destas plantas é altamente necessário a fim de suprir as necessidades do mercado, e evitar o extrativismo ilegal. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho objetivou aprimorar o protocolo de propagação in vitro de espécies do gênero Vriesea, bem como aumentar o conhecimento global das espécies em estudo. Para tanto, sementes das espécies V. carinata, V. friburgensis, V. paraibica e V. simplex foram submetidas a processos de assepsia e introduzidas in vitro sob três temperaturas: 22 °C, 27 °C e 32 °C. Paralelamente, sementes das mesmas espécies foram semeadas em bandejas e mantidas em casa de vegetação. Através da microscopia eletrônica de varredura e ótica foi realizada a descrição morfo-anatômica do desenvolvimento pós-seminal das plântulas das mesmas espécies. Além disso, procurou-se adequar o meio de cultura às necessidades das mesmas espécies e de V. hieroglyphica, sendo testadas 3 doses de nitrogênio e 3 doses de magnésio. Também procurou-se avaliar a taxa de sobrevivência durante o processo de aclimatização de plântulas das espécies de Vriesea mencionadas (com exceção de V. hieroglyphica). Objetivou-se comparar características anatômicas e morfológicas de folhas das referidas espécies cultivadas in vitro e em casa de vegetação. Por fim, com o objetivo de estabelecer um protocolo de micropropagação para as espécies Vriesea carinata, V. paraibica, V. phillipo-coburgii; V. simplex e Aechmea nudicaulis, foram introduzidos in vitro explantes somáticos, após testes de assepsia. A partir dos experimentos citados foi verificado que a temperatura exerce uma forte influência nas taxas de germinação e mortalidade das sementes de Vrieseas in vitro, sendo que a temperatura de 32°C proporcionou as maiores taxas de mortalidade, mostrando-se prejudicial ao sucesso reprodutivo. A germinação em casa de vegetação apresentou altas taxas de mortalidade e taxas de germinação mais baixas do que in vitro. A descrição morfo-anatômica do desenvolvimento pós-seminal permitiu a caracterização de cinco estágios de desenvolvimento. Com relação ao experimento de nutrição mineral, foi evidenciado que as doses de nitrogênio e magnésio testadas acarretaram em menor acúmulo de cálcio e de potássio nas plantas, sendo que esse fato resultou em menor acúmulo de massa fresca. O experimento de aclimatização ficou inviabilizado devido ao ataque às plântulas por praga Fungus Gnats. Com a análise morfo-anatômica das folhas de plantas cultivadas in vitro e em casa de vegetação foi possível observar a presença de estruturas típicas de Bromeliaceae nas plantas cultivadas em ambas as condições: estômatos, tricomas escamiformes, mesofilo com epiderme unisseriada, parênquima aqüífero, feixes colaterais fechados e canais de aeração. Com relação à introdução in vitro a partir de explantes somáticos, pode-se afirmar que o uso de cefotaxima apresentou uma boa eficiência no combate à contaminação bacteriana em cultura de ápices caulinares. A escolha de ápice vegetativo de brotos laterais como explantes iniciais para a cultura das referidas espécies in vitro é uma boa opção. A otimização da propagação destas espécies in vitro poderá diminuir a pressão extrativista que estas vêm sofrendo e, ao mesmo tempo, abastecer o mercado ornamental / Bromeliads are valued for their ornamental characteristics and the genus Vriesea is representative in this sector. The improvement of in vitro propagation of these plants is highly necessary in order to meet market needs, and, at the same time, to prevent illegal extraction of this plants from their natural habitat. In this context, this study aimed to improve the protocol for in vitro propagation of species of Vriesea and increase the global knowledge of these by morpho-anatomical characterization of the development of the seedling and leaf. Seeds of V. carinata, V. friburgensis, V.paraiba and V. simplex were submitted to aseptic procedures and introduced in vitro under three temperatures: 22 ° C, 27 ° C and 32 ° C. Additionaly, seeds of these species were sown in trays and maintained in a greenhouse. The post-seminal development was described by light and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the adjustment of the culture medium for these four species and V. hieroglyphica was tested, by testing three doses of nitrogen combined with three doses of magnesium. The acclimatization efficiency of these Vriesea species, except for V. hieroglyphica, after a prior culture in the presence and absence of IBA was done, in three commercial substrates to verify IBA effect in rooting and seedling survival. This study also aimed to compare anatomical and morphological characteristics of leaves of the species cultivated in vitro and in the greenhouse. Finally, in order to establish a micropropagation protocol for the species Vriesea carinata, V. paraiba, V. phillipo-coburgii; V. simplex and Aechmea nudicaulis, somatic explants were introduced in vitro after sterilization tests. From all the experiments cited it was observed that the temperature strongly influences germination and mortality rates of Vriesea germinating seeds in vitro. The temperature of 32 ° C provided the highest mortality rates, being harmful to the reproductive success of this species. The germination in the greenhouse showed higher mortality and lower germination rates than in vitro germination. The morpho-anatomical description of the post-seminal development allowed for the characterization of five stages of development. With regard to the mineral nutrition experiment, the doses of nitrogen and magnesium tested resulted in less accumulation of calcium and potassium in plants, resulting in less accumulation of fresh weight. The acclimatization experiment was lost by the attack of Fungus gnats. With the morpho-anatomical analysis of leaves of plants grown in vitro and in the greenhouse it was possible to observe the presence of typical structures of Bromeliaceae such as stomata, scales, mesophyll with uniseriate epidermis, water storage tissue, collateral vascular bundles and air channels. Finally, the use of cefotaxime proved efficient against bacterial contamination in in vitro establishment of shoot apex explants in vitro. The choice of shoot apices from lateral buds as initial explants for in vitro establishment of those species was a good alternative. Optimization of in vitro propagation of bromeliad species can reduce their extractivism pressure and, at the same time, supply the ornamental plant market

As urban development in the 20th century has become the issue of global concern, more and more new territories have been occupied due to high intensity of the development. International conferences devoted to the regulatory issues of city development held within the current decade (such as HABITAT II held in Istanbul, 1996, ATHENS’98 – in Athens, 1998, URBAN 21 – in Berlin, 2000, and a conference in Brussels, 2001, etc) emphasized the majority of developmental aspects including the great focus on the necessity to further form urban structures with the priority of internal city development looking for more effective and more universal functional uses of the territories, restoration of the existing downtown areas and preservation of their original character. As other post-soviet countries, Lithuania has been also facing the need to reorganize various spheres including urban development. Urban territories have been dangerously expanded, especially during the soviet period, due to the increased general city building-up areas, mostly expressed by the territorial expansion rather than gradual and consistent development (by the use of internal reserves of the city). After the restoration of Lithuanian independence, privatisation, changed character of housing construction, return of land and real estate to the previous owners and increasing value of land under the free market conditions remarkably modified the nature of urban development in Lithuania, at the same time revealing the... [to full text]

Orientador: Maria de Lourdes Ribeiro de Souza da Cunha / Resumo: A alta frequência de Estafilococos Coagulase-Negativa (CoNS) na pele de indivíduos saudáveis e em doenças associadas ao sangue, associados à seleção de cepas resistentes devido a uso indiscriminado de antimicrobianos, tornou mais estreitos os limites entre o ambiente hospitalar e o comunitário quanto à distribuição de cepas. Objetivou-se, com este estudo, caracterizar isolados de CoNS de origem hospitalar e comunitária da cidade de Botucatu-SP quanto ao perfil clonal, analisar os aspectos de resistência à oxacilina pela aferição de metodologia de detecção, e investigar os determinantes de heterorresistência à vancomicina nessas cepas. As espécies estudadas incluíram S. epidermidis, S. haemolyticus, S. warneri, S. hominis, S. lugdunensis, S. capitis, S. saprophyticus, S. pasteuri, S. simulans e S. xylosus. O teste de disco-difusão (TDD) com discos de oxacilina e cefoxitina, fitas de Etest impregnadas com oxacilina e pesquisa do gene mecA por PCR em tempo real foram realizadas. A triagem em ágar com 6 e 8 µg/ml de vancomicina, microdiluição em caldo para aferição da Concentração Inibirtória Mínima (MIC), microscopia eletrônica de transmissão para verificar espessamento da parede celular e alterações fenotípicas por testes bioquímicos foram realizadas. O perfil clonal foi determinado por PFGE (Pulsed-Field Gel Eletrophoresis) e para clones de S. epidermidis, o MLST (Multilocus Sequence Typing). S. epidermidis apresentou alta diversidade clonal, mas presença de clusters no ambien... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The high frequency of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (CoNS) on the skin of healthy individuals and in bloodstream infections, together with the selection of resistant strains, has narrowed the boundaries between the hospital and the community environment for the distribution of strains. This study aimed to characterize CoNS isolated from clinical and colonization specimens of patients and individuals from Botucatu-SP, to compare their clonal profile, to analyze the determination of oxacillin resistance by the evaluation of the methodology of detection, and to investigate the determinants of reduced susceptibility to vancomycin in those strains. CoNS species included S. epidermidis, S. haemolyticus, S. warneri, S. hominis, S. lugdunensis, S. capitis, S. saprophyticus, S. pasteuri, S. simulans and S. xylosus. The disc diffusion test (DDT) using oxacillin and cefoxitin discs was employed, Etest strips impregnated with oxacillin and mecA gene detection by real-time PCR were used. An agar screening with 6 and 8 µg/ml of vancomycin, the broth microdiluition method for the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), the transmission eletronic microscopy for evaluation of cellwall thickening and phenotypic modifications by biochemical tests were performed. Clonal profile was determined by PFGE (Pulsed-Field Gel Eletrophoresis) and, for S. epidermidis clones, MLST (Multilocus Sequence Typing). S. epidermidis presented high clonal diversity, despite some clusters circulating within hospi... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

As bromélias são valorizadas por suas características ornamentais, sendo o gênero Vriesea representativo neste setor. O aprimoramento de métodos de propagação in vitro destas plantas é altamente necessário a fim de suprir as necessidades do mercado, e evitar o extrativismo ilegal. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho objetivou aprimorar o protocolo de propagação in vitro de espécies do gênero Vriesea, bem como aumentar o conhecimento global das espécies em estudo. Para tanto, sementes das espécies V. carinata, V. friburgensis, V. paraibica e V. simplex foram submetidas a processos de assepsia e introduzidas in vitro sob três temperaturas: 22 °C, 27 °C e 32 °C. Paralelamente, sementes das mesmas espécies foram semeadas em bandejas e mantidas em casa de vegetação. Através da microscopia eletrônica de varredura e ótica foi realizada a descrição morfo-anatômica do desenvolvimento pós-seminal das plântulas das mesmas espécies. Além disso, procurou-se adequar o meio de cultura às necessidades das mesmas espécies e de V. hieroglyphica, sendo testadas 3 doses de nitrogênio e 3 doses de magnésio. Também procurou-se avaliar a taxa de sobrevivência durante o processo de aclimatização de plântulas das espécies de Vriesea mencionadas (com exceção de V. hieroglyphica). Objetivou-se comparar características anatômicas e morfológicas de folhas das referidas espécies cultivadas in vitro e em casa de vegetação. Por fim, com o objetivo de estabelecer um protocolo de micropropagação para as espécies Vriesea carinata, V. paraibica, V. phillipo-coburgii; V. simplex e Aechmea nudicaulis, foram introduzidos in vitro explantes somáticos, após testes de assepsia. A partir dos experimentos citados foi verificado que a temperatura exerce uma forte influência nas taxas de germinação e mortalidade das sementes de Vrieseas in vitro, sendo que a temperatura de 32°C proporcionou as maiores taxas de mortalidade, mostrando-se prejudicial ao sucesso reprodutivo. A germinação em casa de vegetação apresentou altas taxas de mortalidade e taxas de germinação mais baixas do que in vitro. A descrição morfo-anatômica do desenvolvimento pós-seminal permitiu a caracterização de cinco estágios de desenvolvimento. Com relação ao experimento de nutrição mineral, foi evidenciado que as doses de nitrogênio e magnésio testadas acarretaram em menor acúmulo de cálcio e de potássio nas plantas, sendo que esse fato resultou em menor acúmulo de massa fresca. O experimento de aclimatização ficou inviabilizado devido ao ataque às plântulas por praga Fungus Gnats. Com a análise morfo-anatômica das folhas de plantas cultivadas in vitro e em casa de vegetação foi possível observar a presença de estruturas típicas de Bromeliaceae nas plantas cultivadas em ambas as condições: estômatos, tricomas escamiformes, mesofilo com epiderme unisseriada, parênquima aqüífero, feixes colaterais fechados e canais de aeração. Com relação à introdução in vitro a partir de explantes somáticos, pode-se afirmar que o uso de cefotaxima apresentou uma boa eficiência no combate à contaminação bacteriana em cultura de ápices caulinares. A escolha de ápice vegetativo de brotos laterais como explantes iniciais para a cultura das referidas espécies in vitro é uma boa opção. A otimização da propagação destas espécies in vitro poderá diminuir a pressão extrativista que estas vêm sofrendo e, ao mesmo tempo, abastecer o mercado ornamental / Bromeliads are valued for their ornamental characteristics and the genus Vriesea is representative in this sector. The improvement of in vitro propagation of these plants is highly necessary in order to meet market needs, and, at the same time, to prevent illegal extraction of this plants from their natural habitat. In this context, this study aimed to improve the protocol for in vitro propagation of species of Vriesea and increase the global knowledge of these by morpho-anatomical characterization of the development of the seedling and leaf. Seeds of V. carinata, V. friburgensis, V.paraiba and V. simplex were submitted to aseptic procedures and introduced in vitro under three temperatures: 22 ° C, 27 ° C and 32 ° C. Additionaly, seeds of these species were sown in trays and maintained in a greenhouse. The post-seminal development was described by light and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the adjustment of the culture medium for these four species and V. hieroglyphica was tested, by testing three doses of nitrogen combined with three doses of magnesium. The acclimatization efficiency of these Vriesea species, except for V. hieroglyphica, after a prior culture in the presence and absence of IBA was done, in three commercial substrates to verify IBA effect in rooting and seedling survival. This study also aimed to compare anatomical and morphological characteristics of leaves of the species cultivated in vitro and in the greenhouse. Finally, in order to establish a micropropagation protocol for the species Vriesea carinata, V. paraiba, V. phillipo-coburgii; V. simplex and Aechmea nudicaulis, somatic explants were introduced in vitro after sterilization tests. From all the experiments cited it was observed that the temperature strongly influences germination and mortality rates of Vriesea germinating seeds in vitro. The temperature of 32 ° C provided the highest mortality rates, being harmful to the reproductive success of this species. The germination in the greenhouse showed higher mortality and lower germination rates than in vitro germination. The morpho-anatomical description of the post-seminal development allowed for the characterization of five stages of development. With regard to the mineral nutrition experiment, the doses of nitrogen and magnesium tested resulted in less accumulation of calcium and potassium in plants, resulting in less accumulation of fresh weight. The acclimatization experiment was lost by the attack of Fungus gnats. With the morpho-anatomical analysis of leaves of plants grown in vitro and in the greenhouse it was possible to observe the presence of typical structures of Bromeliaceae such as stomata, scales, mesophyll with uniseriate epidermis, water storage tissue, collateral vascular bundles and air channels. Finally, the use of cefotaxime proved efficient against bacterial contamination in in vitro establishment of shoot apex explants in vitro. The choice of shoot apices from lateral buds as initial explants for in vitro establishment of those species was a good alternative. Optimization of in vitro propagation of bromeliad species can reduce their extractivism pressure and, at the same time, supply the ornamental plant market

La arquitectura desde sus inicios estuvo en constante cambios, dependiendo del lugar donde se desarrollaba. Por ejemplo, la arquitectura brasileña se desarrolló a finales del siglo XX, en la cual tuvo como características, la elaboración a partir de su cultura, su identidad nacional, sus experiencias propias, hasta de la naturaleza. Por tal motivo, el presente trabajo de investigación consiste en el desarrollo de “La arquitectura de Oscar Niemeyer”, teniendo como objetivo el desarrollo de una colección Primavera Verano 2022 a partir del análisis teórico y visual de la arquitectura del arquitecto mencionado. Para validar el trabajo de investigación, se optó por indagar diversas fuentes confiables como el caso de tesis, doctorados, artículos, libros online, entrevistas, entre otros. Para poder realizar un análisis exhaustivo y claro, esto nos ayudó al entendimiento de los términos encontrados en la Facultad de Arquitectura, se procedió al planteamiento de los objetivos referente a investigación y diseño. Luego, se procedió a la elaboración de moodboard de figura, color, texturas, antecedente de diseño, usuario, prototipos, y estructura. Después, a la elección del usuario “Ambos géneros, apasionado por el arte y la moda, que se encuentren dentro del rango de edad de 26-41 años de edad, el tipo de producción “Pret a Porter” y el estilo a desarrollar “Sporty Chic” Finalmente, se obtuvo como resultado bocetos y figurines inspirados en la arquitectura de Oscar Niemeyer, con sus especificaciones de forma, color y texturas a incorporar. / The architecture from its beginnings, was in constant changes, depending on the place where it was developed. For example, Brazilian architecture developed at the end of the 20th century, in which its characteristics were the elaboration based on its culture, its national identity, its own experiences, even from nature. For this reason, this research work consists of the development of "The architecture of Oscar Niemeyer", aiming at the development of a Spring Summer 2022 collection based on the theoretical and visual analysis of the architecture of the aforementioned architect. To validate the research work, it was decided to investigate various reliable sources such as the case of theses, doctorates, articles, online books, interviews, among others. In order to carry out an exhaustive and clear analysis, this helped us to understand the terms found in the faculty of architecture, we proceeded to the approach of the objectives regarding research and design. Then, we proceeded to the development of moodboard of figure, color, textures, design background, user, prototypes, and structure. Then, at the user's choice "Both genres, passionate about art and fashion, that are within the age range of 26-41 years old, the type of production" Pret a Porter "and the style to develop" Sporty Chic” Finally, the result was sketches and figurines inspired by Oscar Niemeyer's architecture, with their specifications of shape, color, and textures to be incorporated. / Trabajo de investigación

<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; U radu je ispitan uticaj vodnog deficita na fiziolo&scaron;ke osobine klonova crne topole i<br />populacija hrasta lužnjaka i cera, kao i mogućnost oporavka ovih biljaka nakon ponovnog uspostavljanja optimalnog vodnog režima. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se ukaže na potencijal ispitivanih genotipova topole i hrastova za opstanak u&nbsp; promenljivim uslovima životne sredine, u skladu sa aktuelnim klimatskim promenama koje uključuju smanjenje količine padavina i ograničenu dostupnost vode. Dobijeni rezultati su pokazali specifično variranje ispitivanih morfo-anatomskih, fiziolo&scaron;kih i biohemijskih parametara koje je zavisilo od momentalne vlažnosti zemlji&scaron;ta na primenjenom tretmanu (kontrola, su&scaron;a praćena oporavkom, konstantna su&scaron;a) i od genotipa biljke.<br />&nbsp; &nbsp; Negativan uticaj vodnog&nbsp; deficita na tretmanu konstantne su&scaron;e je u najmanjoj meri bio ispoljen na rastenje klona topole X/32, populaciju hrasta lužnjaka L1 i populaciju hrasta cera C1. Indeks tolerancije na stres izračunat na osnovu visine biljke (PHSI) takodje je potvrdio dobru morfolo&scaron;ku prilagodjenost pomenutih genotipova<br />na uslove su&scaron;e. Dobijene vrednosti indeksa stoma ukazuju da vodni status ispitivanih populacija hrastova nije bio naroĉito pogodjen vodnim deficitom na su&scaron;nim tretmanima.<br />&nbsp; &nbsp; Tretman konstantne su&scaron;e je u oba ogleda&nbsp; doveo do najvećeg smanjenja vrednosti<br />parametara razmene gasova kod skoro svih genotipova. S druge strane, primenjeni su&scaron;ni tretmani nisu uslovili smanjenje sadržaja fotosintetiĉkih pigmenata, kao ni parametra Fv/Fm, kod većine ispitivanih biljaka. U odnosu na kontrolu, sadržaj prolina u listovima ispitivanih biljaka na tretmanu konstantne su&scaron;e bio je&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; znaĉajno povećan, a aktivnost enzima nitrat-reduktaze značajno smanjena, kod većine genotipova.<br />&nbsp; &nbsp; Genotipovi kod kojih u uslovima jakog vodnog deficita nije do&scaron;lo do značajne promene većine ispitivanih morfo-anatomskih, fiziolo&scaron;kih i biohemijskih parametara mogu biti od velike važnosti kad je u pitanju njihov odabir i upotreba za uspe&scaron;no po&scaron;umljavanje su&scaron;nih stani&scaron;ta, kojih će biti sve vi&scaron;e usled negativnog uticaja brojnih ekolo&scaron;kih činilaca nastalih kao posledica klimatskih promena.</p> / <p>The impact of water deficit and recovery on physiological features of the black poplar clones, as well as of the oaks populations were analyzed. The aim of this research was to indicate the potential of the studied genotypes for survival under changing environmental conditions, in accordance with current climate changes, which include the reduction in amount of rainfall and limited water availability. Obtained results have shown a specific variation of studied morpho-anatomical, physiological and biochemical parameters which depended on soil humidity on the applied treatment (control, drought followed by recovery and permanent drought), as well as on plant genotype.</p><p>Water deficit on permanent drought treatment had little negative effect on plant growth of poplar clone X/32, as well as oak populations L1 and C1. Plant height stress tolerance index also confirmed good morphological adaptation to drought of these genotypes. Stomatal index was not negatively affected by water deficit in oak plants.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In both experiments, a permanent drought treatment led to the largest reduction in the values of gas exchange parameters in almost all genotypes.</p><p>On the other hand, concentration of&nbsp; photosynthetic pigments was not considerably decreased in plants exposed to water deficit, as well as the parameter Fv/Fm, in most examined plants. Compared to the control, the impact of permanent drought treatment&nbsp; on biochemical parameters was expected, in the most cases.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Compared to the control, proline content in leaves of most examined genotypes was significantly increased on permanent drought treatment, while nitrate reductase activity was significantly decreased.</p><p>Examined genotypes exhibiting slight or no reduction in values of the most&nbsp; examined parameters during severe&nbsp; drought stress, could be used for afforestation in arid sites. Arid habitats appeared to be more numerous due to the effects of global climate changes.</p>

As urban development in the 20th century has become the issue of global concern, more and more new territories have been occupied due to high intensity of the development. International conferences devoted to the regulatory issues of city development held within the current decade (such as HABITAT II held in Istanbul, 1996, ATHENS’98 – in Athens, 1998, URBAN 21 – in Berlin, 2000, and a conference in Brussels, 2001, etc) emphasized the majority of developmental aspects including the great focus on the necessity to further form urban structures with the priority of internal city development looking for more effective and more universal functional uses of the territories, restoration of the existing downtown areas and preservation of their original character. As other post-soviet countries, Lithuania has been also facing the need to reorganize various spheres including urban development. Urban territories have been dangerously expanded, especially during the soviet period, due to the increased general city building-up areas, mostly expressed by the territorial expansion rather than gradual and consistent development (by the use of internal reserves of the city). After the restoration of Lithuanian independence, privatisation, changed character of housing construction, return of land and real estate to the previous owners and increasing value of land under the free market conditions remarkably modified the nature of urban development in Lithuania, at the same time revealing the... [to full text]

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:16:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao part 1 Lilia Cristina.pdf: 320067 bytes, checksum: 69f0c85320512078b0a799d535fe13a5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-28 / The genus Cymbopogon Sprengel belong to the Poaceae family and it has 40 species distributed in Tropical and Subtropical Africa, Asia and Australia, although some species went introduced in America. Many species of this genus are cultivated for the extraction of essential oil, from their leaves, with large medicinal, food and industrial importance. The species in focus, Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf and C. nardus (L.) Rendle are originated from Africa and Asia, respectively. This research had as objective, to broaden the knowledge about the species C. densiflorus and C. nardus, by the morphological and anatomy studies from leaves and culms, phytochemical analysis and essential oil analysis from the leaves. Anatomical studies have been of relevant importance to the pharmacognosy researches, mainly for the identification of many vegetal raw materials. Several times, these raw materials are known by the same popular name or then, they are commercialized with contaminated agents or with other parts of the specie. Through of anatomical analysis, it was checked commons characters, such as leaf lamina and sheath amphistomata, stomatas with guard cells dumbbell and subsidiary cells dome-shape, rares in adaxial surface and abundant in abaxial surface, predominated in intercostal zones. The adaxial and abaxial surfaces had long cells and short cells: cork and dumb-bell and cross-shaped silica cells, these last it is placed in costal zones; macro-hairs and micro-hairs abundant in abaxial surface. In the leaf lamina, bulliforms cells are presents in adaxial surface, they were alternated with fibers in the costal zones and the mesophyll is homogeneous with chlorenchyma radiated to the bundle sheaths and arm cells with walls invaginated that they determined the intervenal distance by one or three cells, characterized Kranz anatomy. Bundle sheaths collateral, of 1st, 2nd and 3rd orders with single vascular bundle sheaths. The cap region is constituted by sclerenchyma and the epidermis has silica cells. However, both species had different anatomical features, as the form of midrib, in the leaf laminas; C. densiflorus showed colourless parenchyma cells in the mesophyll of leaf sheaths, that they do not exist in C. nardus. In the culms, numbers of metaxylem vessels in the each side of protoxylem vessels in vascular bundles: 1, in C. densiflorus, 2 and 3, in C. nardus; and the presence of sclerenchyma cylinder and fistula in C. nardus, absent characters in C. densiflorus. Moreover, in C. densiflorus, while C. nardus showed these characters. The preliminary phytochemistry analysis C. densiflorus and C. nardus leaves evidencied flavonoids, saponins, coumarins and traces of cardioactive glycosides. In the essential oil analysis, C. densiflorus leaves showed trans-p-mentha-1(7),8-dien-2-ol, trans-p-mentha-2-8-dien-1-ol, cis-carveol and cis-p-mentha-2-8-dien-1-ol as majority constituents; while C. nardus leaves had geraniol, citronellol and citronellal. The anatomical characters observed can be important to the taxonomic determinations of species studied, in the genus. Through the results found, it verifies the phytotherapics potential of both species. Future researches in isolation and purify of the secondary metabolites, pharmacologics and toxicologics analysis of extracts and of the essential oil, it will be important to assure the therapeutic efficiency of these. / O gênero Cymbopogon Sprengel pertence à família Poaceae e compreende 40 espécies, distribuídas pela África Tropical e Subtropical, Ásia e Austrália, embora algumas foram introduzidas na América. Diversas espécies deste gênero são cultivadas para a extração de óleos essenciais, a partir de suas folhas, sendo então de grande importância medicinal, alimentar e industrial. As espécies em estudo Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf e C. nardus (L.) Rendle, são originárias da África e Ásia, respectivamente. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo, ampliar o conhecimento sobre as espécies C. densiflorus e C. nardus, por meio do estudo morfo-anatômico das folhas e colmo, prospecção fitoquímica e análise dos óleos essenciais das folhas. Estudos anatômicos têm sido de relevante importância para pesquisas farmacognósticas; principalmente para a identificação de diversas matérias-prima vegetal, que muitas vezes são conhecidas pelo mesmo nome popular ou então, comercializadas com contaminantes ou de outras partes da mesma espécie. Por meio das análises anatômicas verificaram-se caracteres comuns entre ambas as espécies, tais como lâminas e bainhas foliares anfiestomáticas, estômatos com células-guarda halteriformes e células subsidiárias em forma de cúpula, raros na face adaxial e abundantes na face abaxial predominando nas regiões intercostais. As faces adaxial e abaxial apresentam células longas e células curtas: suberosas e silicificadas halteriforme e cruciforme, sendo as últimas localizadas nas regiões costais; macrotricomas e microtricomas predominam na face abaxial. Nas lâminas foliares, as células buliformes estão presentes na face adaxial da epiderme, intercaladas por fibras na região costal e o mesofilo é homogêneo disposto radialmente aos feixes vasculares, com distância intervenal de uma a três células, caracterizando anatomia Kranz. Os feixes vasculares colaterais, de 1ª, 2ª e 3ª ordens com bainha de feixe única. A região do bordo é formada por fibras e a epiderme apresenta células silicificadas. Entretanto, ocorrem características anatômicas distintas entre as duas espécies, como formato da nervura central, nas lâminas foliares; C. densiflorus apresenta células parenquimáticas incolores, na bainha foliar, que estão ausentes em C. nardus e o número de elementos de metaxilema em cada lado dos elementos de protoxilema: 1, em C. densiflorus e 2 a 3, em C. nardus e presença de cilindro esclerenquimático e medula fistulosa em C. nardus, caracteres ausentes em C. densiflorus. A análise fitoquímica preliminar das folhas de C. densiflorus e C. nardus evidenciou flavonóides, saponinas, cumarinas e traços de heterosídeos cardioativos. Na análise dos óleos essenciais, as folhas de C. densiflorus apresentaram trans-p-menta-1(7),8-dien-2-ol, trans-p-menta-2-8-dien-1-ol, cis-carveol e cis-p-menta-2-8-dien-1-ol, como constituintes majoritários; enquanto que em C. nardus foram geraniol, citronelol e citronelal. Os caracteres anatômicos observados podem ser importantes para as determinações taxonômicas das espécies estudadas. Por meio dos resultados encontrados, verifica-se o potencial fitoterápico de ambas as espécies. Futuras pesquisas em isolamento e purificação dos metabólitos secundários, análises farmacológicas e toxicológicas dos extratos e dos óleos essenciais, serão importantes para assegurar a eficácia terapêutica destas.