Resumo: O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a lixiviação dos herbicidas sulfentrazone e amicarbazone aplicados a campo, com e sem óleo mineral, e correlacioná-la com o controle de corda-de-viola (Ipomoea nil e I. hederifolia), oriundas de sementes depositadas em diferentes profundidades e sob diferentes camadas de palha de cana-de-açúcar. Em área de plantio de canade- açúcar, após acumuladas precipitações de 35, 67 e 106 mm, tubos de PVC de 10 cm de diâmetro, seccionados longitudinalmente, foram enterrados até a profundidade de 35 cm. Os tubos foram retirados e, depois da última amostragem (106 mm), foram semeadas as plantas testes sorgo e Ipomoea nil em toda a seção dos tubos. Foram realizadas avaliações visuais de intoxicação aos 7, 10 e 15 dias após a semeadura (DAS) e aos 20 DAS procedeu-se a determinação da matéria seca das plântulas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas com quatro repetições. As parcelas consistiram da aplicação de dois herbicidas (amicarbazone e sulfentrazone), adicionados ou não de óleo, e uma testemunha sem herbicida. Nas subparcelas estudou-se as profundidades de lixiviação (0,0-2,5; 2,5-5,0; 5,0-10; 10-15; 15-20; 20-25; 25-30; 30-35 cm). Pelo bioensaio, a presença do sulfentrazone foi estimada na camada superior até os 10 cm de profundidade, mesmo com 106 mm de precipitação e independentemente da adição do óleo. / Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the lixiviation of sulfentrazone and amicarbazone applied to the field, with and without mineral oil, and its relationship with the control of morning glory (Ipomoea nil and I. hederifolia), from seed deposited at different depths and under different layers of sugar cane straw. In sugar cane field, after accumulated rainfall of 35, 67 and 106 mm, PVC pipes of 10 cm in diameter, sliced lengthwise, were buried by the depth of 35 cm. The tubes were removed and, after the last sampling (106 mm), the tests plants sorghum and Ipomoea nil were sown across the section of pipe. Visual assessments of intoxication were made at 7, 10 and 15 days after sowing (DAS) and 20 DAS the dry weight of the seedlings was determined. The experimental design was a randomized block in split plots scheme with four replications. The plot consisted of application of two herbicides (amicarbazone and sulfentrazone), with or without mineral oil, and a control without herbicide. In subplots was studied the depths of leaching (0,0-2,5; 2,5-5,0; 5,0-10, 10-15, 15-20, 20-25; 25-30; 30 - 35 cm). For the bioassay, the presence of sulfentrazone was estimated in the upper layer to the 10 cm deep, even with 106 mm of rainfall and whether adding the oil. / Orientador: Pedro Luís da Costa Aguiar Alves / Coorientadora: Maria do Carmo M. Damasceno Pavani / Banca: Marcelo da Costa Ferreira / Banca: Dagoberto Martins / Mestre

No description available.

Objective: To determine if the types of questions asked at the morning reports conducted by two East Tennessee State University Quillen College of Medicine residency programs, family medicine and pediatrics, and to determine if the databases used by clinical librarians to answer the clinical questions give the Quillen College of Medicine Library (QCOML) insight for future database purchases and end-user training. Methods: A review of questions asked over a six-month period in two primary care morning reports was conducted. Each question was categorized according to the type of question (i.e., therapy, diagnosis, etiology, or prognosis) by two independent reviewers. A third reviewer was used to adjudicate differences in the two reviewers’ decisions. The search results from the morning report questions were also reviewed to see which databases were used to answer the clinical questions. Main Results: The percentage of question types was compared between the two programs during the time period of January 1, 2007–June 30, 2007. For every foreground question, the question was then classifi ed as therapy, diagnosis, harm, prognosis, or other. Each morning report then had their questions broken down into a percentage to show how many of each type of question was asked. The results of the questions were analyzed to see which databases were used in answering the questions. The residency programs were then compared to see if any differences existed between them. Conclusions: The analysis will serve as a gauge for the type of training needed or desired by the residents. The data show an overview of the questions asked that will further aid the QCOML librarians in determining databases and resources that will be most useful to the residency programs.

No description available.

No description available.

Orientadores: Maricilda Palandi de Mello, Monica Barbosa de Melo, Fernanda Caroline Soardi / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T10:51:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Franca_EmersonSalvadordeSouza_M.pdf: 3804995 bytes, checksum: 694d80ade56340a0a1125338c03238ad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: O gene PAX6 é o principal gene para o controle da organização do sistema ocular durante a embriogênese. Este gene pertence a uma família de reguladores de transcrição denominada PAX, sendo que seus membros compartilham um domínio funcional de 128 aminoácidos chamado de paired domain. O PAX6 é o mais bem estudado dessa família. O gene PAX6 está localizado na banda 13 do braço curto do cormossomo11 em humanos, e apresenta 14 exons sendo que os três primeiros e parte do quarto exon não são traduzidos. A proteína do PAX6 possui dois domínios funcionais: o paired domain e o homeo domain, que são separados por um segmento de ligação denominado LNK e seguidos por uma região com importante função na ativação transcricional denominada PST. A proteína do gene PAX6 é um fator de regulação transcricional altamente conservado com funções importantes para o desenvolvimento normal dos olhos e do sistema nervoso. Alterações no gene PAX6 em humanos foram associadas ao fenótipo de aniridia, da síndrome de Morning Glory (MGS) e também de doenças associadas ao desenvolvimento ocular. A aniridia é um defeito congênito raro, a qual provoca uma formação incompleta ou a ausência da íris. Embora seus efeitos variem entre os indivíduos, pode causar perda de visão. A doença pode ser de herança autossômica dominante ou de manifestação esporádica. MGS é uma anomalia congênita do nervo óptico, comumente unilateral, podendo encontrar-se associada estrabismo, ambliopia e nistagmo. Freqüentemente essa síndrome pode encontrar-se associada a anomalias endócrinas, renais e do sistema nervoso central. Sendo assim, o projeto teve por objetivos a análise molecular do gene PAX6 através de seqüenciamento e da técnica de MLPA em pacientes com aniridia e pacientes portadores da síndrome de MGS, a fim de se detectar mutações e/ou polimorfismos que pudessem estar ligados ao quadro clínico dos indivíduos. A casuística do projeto foi de três famílias com segregação aniridia, um indivíduo esporádico com aniridia e quatro indivíduos portadores da síndrome de Morning Glory. O grupo controle consistiu de 50 indivíduos triados como não tendo alterações oftalmológicas. Foi encontrada uma mutação p.R240X no gene PAX6, que causa uma troca de uma arginina por um stop codon, segregando nos indivíduos afetados da Família 1 e assim explicando o fenótipo dos indivíduos. Essa mutação é a mais freqüente associada à aniridia, porém é a primeira vez que ela foi descrita na população brasileira. Também foram encontradas diversas alterações descritas e não descritas que necessitam de mais estudos para que possam ser associadas à manifestação do fenótipo dos indivíduos afetados. Além disso, foi observada pela técnica de MLPA, uma possível micro-deleção ou alteração nucleotídica no exon 1 do gene RCN1 encontrada nos filhos das Famílias 1 e 3 podendo estar envolvida na regulação 5' do gene PAX6. Outra possível micro-deleção ou alteração nucleotídica foi também observada no exon 9 do gene ELP4, que pode estar associada a regulação 3' do gene PAX6. Esse estudo demonstrou que para a etiologia de aniridia e síndrome Morning Glory devem existir outros genes cuja expressão possa estar alterada durante o desenvolvimento. / Abstract: PAX6 gene is the major gene in the control of eye organization during development. It belongs to a family of transcription regulators called PAX, formed by several members which share a 128 aminoacid functional domain called paired domain. PAX6 is best studied within this family. In humans, it is located on chromosome 11p13 and is formed by 14 exons; the first three and part of the fourth are not translated. PAX6 protein comprises two functional domains: the paired domain and the homeo domain which are separated by a linker called LNK and followed by an important region with trancriptional activity called PST. The PAX6 protein is a highly conserved transcriptional regulator factor that is important for normal ocular and neural development. Mutations on human PAX6 gene were associated to aniridia, Morning Glory Syndrome and other ocular diseases. Aniridia is rare birth defect which leads to an incomplete formation or the absence of the iris. Although their effects vary between individual, aniridia can cause loss of vision. The disease may be autosomal dominant or sporadic event. The Morning Glory Syndrome (MGS) is a congenital optic disk dysplasia, generally unilateral, which can be associated with strabismus, amblyopia and nystagmus. This syndrome may be often associated with endocrine, renal and central nervous system abnormalities. Thus the aim of this investigation was to evaluate the molecular composition of PAX6 gene using direct sequencing and MLPA technique in patients with Aniridia and Morning Glory Syndrome, to detect mutations and/or polymorphisms associated with the patient's phenotypes. Were included in the study 1 family with segregation of aniridia, 1 family with Axenfeld-Rieger Syndrome, 1 sporadic individual with aniridia and 4 individuals carrying MGS. The control group comprised 50 individuals considered ophthalmologically normal. The nonsense mutation p.R240X was found in the PAX6 gene, segregating with the affected members in family 1, what explains their phenotypes. This mutation is one of the most frequent nonsense mutations associated with the aniridia, however this is the first report on a PAX6 gene mutation familial case of aniridia in Brazil. Several described and non-described nucleotide variations were found, but additional studies are required to correlate them to the phenotype of affected individuals. Furthermore, the MLPA technique showed possible micro-deletions or mutations in exon 1 of RCN1 gene, located 5' to PAX6. This result was observed in both male children of families 1 and 3. Other possible micro-deletion or mutation was observed in exon 9 of ELP4 gene, which can be associated to 3' regulation of PAX6 gene. This study demonstrated that the involvement of other gene whose expressions may be altered during the development cannot be excluded for the etiology of aniridia and Morning Glory Syndrome. / Mestrado / Genetica Animal e Evolução / Mestre em Genética e Biologia Molecular

[pt] A produção e consumo de seriados ficcionais, especialmente nos Estados Unidos, têm crescido, resultando no surgimento da cultura das séries (SILVA, 2014) e da seriefilia (JOST, 2018). Esse aumento é impulsionado pela complexidade da estrutura narrativa (MITTEL, 2006), o contexto atual tecnológico que permite que as produções sejam assistidas em vários suportes e ambientes e pelo surgimento de grupos especializados (MUNGIOLI, 2017). Enquanto os dramas médicos têm ganhado popularidade (MEIMARIDIS, 2017), a representação dos bastidores jornalísticos não recebe o mesmo destaque. O presente trabalho discute a representação do jornalismo nas séries The Newsroom (2012, Aaron Sorkin) e The Morning Show (2019, Mimi Leder) verificando a verossimilhança por meio de estudos teóricos e cenas cotejadas com quatro entrevistas com profissionais. O objetivo é compreender a construção da prática jornalística nessas narrativas, considerando o papel fundamental do jornalismo como mediador entre eventos que ocorrem no mundo e na sociedade. / [en] The production and consumption of fictional series, especially in the United States, have seen a surge, leading to the emergence of the series culture (SILVA, 2014) and seriaphilia (JOST, 2018). This increase is driven by the complexity of narrative structure (MITTEL, 2006), the current technological context that allows productions to be watched on various platforms and in different settings, and the involvement of specialized groups (MUNGIOLI, 2017). While medical dramas have gained popularity (MEIMARIDIS, 2017), the representation of journalism behind the scenes doesn t receive the same prominence. This paper discusses the portrayal of journalism in the series The Newsroom (2012, Aaron Sorkin) and The Morning Show (2019, Mimi Leder), assessing its realism through theoretical studies and scenes compared with insights from four interviews with professionals. The aim is to understand the construction of journalistic practice in these narratives, taking into account the fundamental role of journalism as a mediator between events that occur in the world and in society.

The Dallas Morning News is a leader in using engagement journalism to increase and retain digital subscribers. This ethnography examined the efficacy of the engagement journalism work by the News in rebuilding trust and forming relationships with its audience. This research is exceptionally timely as more newsrooms are erecting paywalls to their content and asking their audiences to offer monetary support in exchange for greater access and engagement by journalists. This work is examined through two mass communications theories: functionalism, which says a society can be viewed like an ecosystem as a "system in balance" consisting of complex sets of interrelated activities, each of which supports the others in maintaining the system as a whole; and the dual responsibility model, which says that companies should operate in the best interests of all in the community who depend on them, not only those who benefit financially. Additionally, the work is considered from a human-interaction design standpoint to evaluate whether the News has created affordances that enable the journalists and the readers to communicate, and whether the journalists are effectively practicing service design when publishing news and information for the audience.

This study was conducted to analyze the differences in the news coverage of public education by a state and local newspaper, to ascertain if trends exist in the coverage of topics, and if the coverage is negative, positive, or neutral. All issues of The Dallas Morning News and The Piano Star Courier from the years 1988 and 1993 were evaluated. All articles about public education (with the exception of athletics, obituaries, and advertisements) were evaluated using a content analysis form. The content analysis form provided information for classifying all articles. Information was tallied for the number of articles and column inches by newspaper and category. Findings indicated a number of differences between the two newspapers in 1988 and 1993. The Dallas Morning News increased the number of articles and column inches of space it committed to the coverage of public education from 1988 to 1993. During the same period The Piano Star Courier reduced both the number of articles and column inches of space which it used for the topic of education. The Piano Star Courier began publishing editions on only five of the seven days per week in February, 1993. The Dallas Morning News reduced its local coverage and increased its coverage of state and national education topics during the same period. The change in coverage was shown through the increased number of articles and space allocated to state and national topics. Changes also occurred in the number of negative articles published by the newspapers. The Dallas Morning News increased the number of negative articles as it focused on state and national news. The Piano Star Courier reduced the number of negative articles as it focused on local topics. The findings also indicate that certain categories of articles are more likely to present education in a positive manner. Local education news stories are more likely to be positive than state or national stories. Personal stories about students and/or teachers tend to represent schools in a positive light. The topics of discipline, vandalism, finance, and administration usually have a more negative effect. Findings reveal that differing trends exist in major state and local newspaper coverage of public education. Knowledge of these trends can help educators promote a positive image of public education.

O objetivo deste estudo foi de comparar a eficácia clínica de enxaguatórios bucais a higienizadores linguais e à escovação com dentifrício para higiene convencional, medidos por um monitor portátil de sulfetos BreathAlert&trade;. Vinte voluntários saudáveis, com idade entre 18 e 50 anos (média de 35,9 anos), de ambos os gêneros, foram aleatoriamente alocados em um ensaio cruzado de cinco períodos. Foram testados: um higienizador de língua convencional (Kolbe®), um higienizador integrado à escova dental (Johnson´s Professional Extreme®), dois enxaguatórios bucais: 0,05% de cloreto de cetilpiridínio (Oral-B®) e 0,12% de digluconato de clorexidina (Periotherapy®- Bitufo) e uma escova dental (Johnson´s Professional Extreme®) com dentifrício fluoretado (Contente®) como controle positivo. Todos os voluntários foram orientados a permanecer por 20 horas sem qualquer tipo de higiene bucal, para registro dos índices iniciais de halitose. Cada produto foi utilizado uma vez seguido por uma semana de washout. O hálito foi mensurado antes (00), imediatamente após (0) e após 1, 2 e 3 horas do procedimento. Os produtos e os tempos foram comparados entre si pelo teste de Friedman (p<0,05) e, havendo diferenças significantes, foram analisados aos pares pelo teste de Wilcoxon, com ajuste de Bonferroni. Imediatamente após o uso dos produtos, somente o higienizador lingual acoplado à escova foi capaz de reduzir significantemente o hálito (p=0.0031) e seu efeito perdurou por até 2 horas. A clorexidina reduziu o hálito somente no final da segunda hora (p=0.004) e durou até três horas, enquanto que a higienização bucal com escova e dentifrício foi eficaz em reduzir o hálito já na primeira hora (p=0.002), perdurando por até 3 horas. Conclui-se que a higiene mecânica da língua foi capaz de reduzir imediatamente o hálito, porém com duração relativamente curta de seu efeito, enquanto que a clorexidina e a higienização da boca conseguiram reduzir o hálito por períodos maiores do que os observados na literatura que trabalha com halitose persistente. / The aim of this study was to compare the chemical effect of antimicrobial agents in mouthrinses and mechanical effect of tongue scrapers along with toothbrushing and dentifrice for conventional oral hygiene, measured by a handheld sulphide monitor BreathAlert&trade;. Twenty healthy volunteers, from 18 to 50 years-old (the mean age was 35,9 years-old), of either gender, were randomly allocated into a five period cross-over trial. They were tested a conventional tongue scraper (Kolbe®), a tongue scraper coupled at the back of a toothbrushs head (Johnson&prime;s Professional Extreme®), two mouthwashes: 0,05% cetylpyridinium chloride (Oral-B®) and 0,12% chlorhexidine digluconate (PerioTherapy®); and a soft-bristle toothbrush (Johnson&prime;s Professional Extreme®) with fluoride toothpaste (Contente®) as a positive control. All the volunteers were asked to refrain from any kind of oral hygiene for a 20-hours period for baseline scores. Each product was used at once, followed by a one-week washout period. The breath was measured before (00), immediately after (0) and after 1, 2 and 3 hours after the procedure. A Friedman&prime;s test (p <0.05) was used to compare the products and the times and, when significant differences were detected, a Wilcoxon&prime;s test with Bonferroni correction was used (group to group). Immediately after the products use, only the toothbrush&prime;s tongue scraper was able to significantly reduce the breath (p=0.0031) and its effect lasted for up to two hours. Chlorhexidine reduced the breath only at the final of the second hour (p=0.004) and lasted for three hours, while oral hygiene with toothbrush and toothpaste was effective in reducing the breath at the first hour (p=0.002) and lasted for up to three hours. It can be concluded that the mechanical cleaning of the tongue was able to immediately reduce the breath, but with relatively short duration of its effect, while chlorhexidine and the association of mechanical with chemical agents in oral hygiene can reduce the breath for longer periods than those observed in the literature which deals with chronic halitosis.