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Background: The principles of war have a central but debated role in modern doctrine with heritage dating back to Sun Tzu. Despite that the principles are used in several modern doctrines, there is surprisingly little research to be found on these principles. The principles of security and surprise, are both argued as being key components in amphibious operations, though can also be seen as contradictory. Method: This thesis explores the principles of war by studying the theory of security, developing a theory with a set of success factors. These factors consist of physical protection, information supremacy and reserves. Hypothetically, the presence of these factors explains the outcome of amphibious raids. The theory is examined in a qualitative text analysis on two case studies on the raids on St Nazaire and Makin Island where the success factors are tested by a deductive dihedral design. The results open for a final discussion in comparison with Jimmy Johansson’s research of the principle of surprise previously made on the same raids. Results: The results show that security, through the presence of success factors, is positively affecting the outcome of amphibious raids, though further research is necessary. Security and surprise although contradictory can work in synergy with a successful surprise element leading to increased security and information supremacy a prerequisite for surprise.

Studiens syfte är att belysa mellanchefers initiala förväntningar på sitt eget arbete och hur arbetserfarenheten påverkat deras psykosociala arbetsmiljö och syn på chefsrollen. Genom en kvalitativ studie har vi genomfört semistrukturerade intervjuer för att samla vårt empiriska material. För att se helheten och vilka delar som påverkar har en hermeneutisk metod använts där vi har kopplat tidigare forskning med hälsorapporter, teorier samt vårt empiriska material. De två teorier vi utgått från är socialkonstruktionistiskt perspektiv och dramaturgiska teori för att skapa förståelse för hur chefsyrket porträtteras, vilka förväntningar som uppstår och hur yrkesrollen utförs. Resultatet visar att förväntningarna utifrån den bild en blivande chef har sällan stämmer överens med verkligheten. Detta leder till att mellanchefen får utföra arbete hen inte hade tänkt vilket skapar stressorer som i sin tur leder till ohälsa. Även om den sociala konstruktionen av en chefsbefattning stämmer till stor del så är det fördelningen mellan ledarskapsrollen och systemadministrationen som väger ojämnt. En mellanchef idag vill arbeta med ledarskap, motivera och utveckla människor men fastnar i administration och möten och medarbetarna får leda sig själva. / The purpose of the study is to highlight middle managers' initial expectations of their ownwork and how the work experience affected their psychosocial work environmentand view of the managerial role. Through a qualitative study, we have conducted semistructured interviews to gather our empirical material. To see the big picture and which partsaffect, a hermeneutic method has been used where we have linked previous research withhealth reports, theories and our empirical material. The two theories we have started from aresocial constructionist perspective and dramaturgical theory to create an understanding of howthe managerial profession is portrayed, what expectations arise and how the professional roleis performed.The results show that the expectations based on the image a future manager has rarelycorrespond to reality. This leads to the middle manager being allowed to perform work theyhad not intended, which creates stressors that in turn lead to ill health. Although the socialconstruction of a managerial position is largely correct, it is the distribution between theleadership role and the system administration that weighs unevenly. A middle manager todaywants to work with leadership, motivate and develop people but gets stuck in administrationand meetings and employees get to lead themselves.