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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
111

Technologie výroby plastového tělesa clony / Production technology of plastic body aperture

Dluhoš, Jan January 2013 (has links)
This thesis deals with the production of a plastic body of the aperture by the method of injection moulding. The work includes a design of the injection mould for the given component. First, an appropriate material for the moulded piece was chosen and then the necessary calculations for the injection mould were made. A quadruplex injection mould with a heated inlet nozzle and pullout cores was designed based on these calculations. Modular components were chosen when designing the injection mould. The next part of the thesis contains the selection of the injection moulding machine for the given mould. The conclusion contains a technical-economical evaluation including the cost estimating for the injection mould and cost estimating for one moulded piece.
112

Návrh technologie výroby ozubeného kola z plastu / Design of manufacturing technology for plastic cogwheel

Vyhnanovský, Jaroslav January 2015 (has links)
This project has been developed within the master study of Engineering Technology and Industrial Management a design of manufacturing technology for plastic cogwheel is introduced. The cogwheel will be produced by plastic injection moulding. POM material with a trade name Delrin 100 NC010 from DuPont Company will be used. An injection mould is a tool for producing a plastic cogwheel using injection moulding technology. Production will take place on the machine Allrounder 420 C Golden Edition 1000-290 from Arburg German Company headquartered in Loßburg, where the seat of parent company is situated.
113

Aluminium alloy based hydrogen storage tank operated with sodium aluminium hexahydride Na3AlH6

Urbanczyk, Robert, Peinecke, Kateryna, Felderhoff, Michael, Hauschild, Klaus, Kersten, Wolfgang, Peil, Stefan, Bathen, Dieter 26 November 2019 (has links)
Here we present the development of an aluminium alloy based hydrogen storage tank, charged with Ti-doped sodium aluminium hexahydride Na3AlH6. This hydride has a theoretical hydrogen storage capacity of 3 mass-% and can be operated at lower pressure compared to sodium alanate NaAlH4. The tank was made of aluminium alloy EN AW 6082 T6. The heat transfer was realised through an oil flow in a bayonet heat exchanger, manufactured by extrusion moulding from aluminium alloy EN AW 6060 T6. Na3AlH6 is prepared from 4 mol-% TiCl3 doped sodium aluminium tetrahydride NaAlH4 by addition of two moles of sodium hydride NaH in ball milling process. The hydrogen storage tank was filled with 213 g of doped Na3AlH6 in dehydrogenated state. Maximum of 3.6 g (1.7 mass-% of the hydride mass) of hydrogen was released from the hydride at approximately 450 K and the same hydrogen mass was consumed at 2.5 MPa hydrogenation pressure. 45 cycle tests (rehydrogenation and dehydrogenation) were carried out without any failure of the tank or its components. Operation of the tank under real conditions indicated the possibility for applications with stationary HT-PEM fuel cell systems.
114

Verdichtung und Rückverformung von Holz unter besonderer Beachtung der technologischen Umsetzung zur Profilholzherstellung

Wehsener, Jörg 15 June 2021 (has links)
Die universelle Verwendung von Holz wurde durch die Entwicklung moderner lignozellulosefreier Werkstoffe in den letzten Jahrzehnten zurückgedrängt. Anisotropie und Inhomogenität, geringe Dauerhaftigkeit und große Streuung prägen die ingenieurtechnische Wahrnehmung von Holz. Mit der Einführung und Adaption neuer Technologien zur Verarbeitung von Holz wurden materialspezifische Nachteile verringert und definierte, kontinuierlich reproduzierbare Eigenschaften umsetzbar. Trotzdem werden heute im Wesentlichen zwei Verarbeitungsverfahren für Holz genutzt: Schneiden und Kleben. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde ein Verfahren zur Umformung nach DIN 8582 untersucht: die thermo-hygro mechanische Verdichtung mit anschließendem Gesenkbiegen und Tiefziehen. Der Schwerpunkt der durchgeführten Untersuchungen lag auf der Ausrichtung der Holzfaser senkrecht zur Umformung und stützte sich folgerichtig auf die Patente DE 102 24 721 „Formteil aus Holz und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung“ und DE 502 08 785 „Profil aus Holz und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung“, deren Hauptmerkmal die Verdichtung und Umformung unter Nutzung der Rückerinnerung für technische Formholzelemente darstellt. In der Arbeit wurden somit die Rohdichteverteilung und das Spannungs-Dehnungs-Verhalten während der Verdichtung, Rückerinnerung und Umformung untersucht. Einen breiten Raum nahmen die Ermittlung der Materialkennwerte von Pappel (Populus sp.), Kiefer (Pinus silvestris L.), Balsa (Ochroma boliviana R.), Buche (Fagus sylvatica L.) und Linde (Tilia sp.) hinsichtlich der Querzugfestig- und Steifigkeit ein. Es erfolgten Messungen zum Verdichtungsverhalten und zur Rückerinnerung von Kleinprobekörpern sowie die Untersuchung von uni- und biaxial verdichteten Platten bezüglich der eingebrachten Verformung in Betrag und Verteilung. Es wurde eine Wichtung der Einflußgrößen Holzfeuchtigkeit, Temperatur, Jahrringlage und Holzart vorgenommen. In der Auswertung wurden Möglichkeiten zur Manipulation einzelner Parameter betrachtet. Die Erfassung der neutralen Faser, sowie der Zug- und Druckzonen am beanspruchten Probekörper lies Rückschlüsse auf das Materialverhalten bei der Umformung zu. Für die Berechnung der Probekörpergeometrie wurde ein Dehnungsverhältnis (Zug/Druck) von 70% zu 30% zu Grunde gelegt. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit wurden die technologischen Parameter beim Übergang vom Labormaßstab zur industriellen Anwendung, unter besonderer Beachtung der praktischen Aspekte der Herstellung von nachformbaren Massivholzplatten, beschrieben. Die Rasterfeldanalyse (GSA-Grid Strain Analysis) ermöglichte eine Abschätzung der Umformungsgrenzen von biaxial verdichteten Hirnholzplatten und deren Bewertung in einem FLD (Forming Limit Diagram). Es wurden Zug- und Tiefungsversuche in Anlehnung an Nakajiama (DIN EN ISO 12004-2) zur Charakterisierung der 3D-Formbarkeit, der Bestimmung des Umformgrades phi und der Versagensgrenzen zur fehlerfreien Herstellung eines Ellipsoidenelementes aus biaxial verdichteten Hirnholzelementen durchgeführt. Die Materialdehnungen betrugen mehr als 25%. Im Ergebnis der technologischen Umsetzung wurden 18 großformatige, uniaxial verdichtete Massivholzplatten im Gesenkbiegeverfahren zu Profilen mit 300mm Durchmesser und 3m Länge für eine Windkraftanlage hergestellt.:Inhaltsverzeichnis Abkürzungs- und Formelverzeichnis 1 Einleitung 1.1 Gegenstand und Zielsetzung der Arbeit 1.2 Struktur und Lösungsweg 2 Stand der Wissenschaft und Technik 2.1.1 Materialgrundlagen 2.1.2 Anatomie des Holzes 2.1.3 Chemie des Holzes 2.1.4 Physik des Holzes 2.1.4.1 Dichteeinfluß 2.1.4.2 Feuchtigkeitseinfluß 2.1.4.3 Temperatureinfluß 2.1.4.4 Temperatur-Feuchtigkeits-Einfluß auf den Glasübergang (Tg) 2.1.4.5 Einfluß der Porosität 2.2 Holzmodifikation 2.2.1 Umformverfahren 2.2.2 Holzumformung 2.2.2.1 Umformung längs zur Faserrichtung 2.2.2.2 Umformung quer zur Faserrichtung 2.2.2.3 Umformung von porösen Material 3 Eigene Versuche: Material, Methoden und Verfahren 3.1 Vorgehen und Arbeitsschritte 3.2 Materialien 3.2.1 Holz 3.2.1.1 Allgemein 3.2.1.2 Kleinproben 3.2.1.3 Großproben 3.2.1.4 Plattenherstellung 3.2.2 Thermo-hygro-mechanische Umformung (THMU) von Holz 3.2.2.1 Plastifizieren 3.2.2.2 Verdichtung (thermo-mechanisch) 3.2.2.3 Umformung (thermo-hygro mechanisch) 3.2.2.4 Fixierung 3.2.3 Textile Strukturen 3.2.4 Klebstoffe 3.2.4.1 Druckscherversuche DIN EN 386 3.2.4.2 Biegeversuche quer zur Faser in Anlehnung an DIN 52186 (1978) 3.2.4.3 Delaminierungsversuche (DIN EN 391) uniaxial verdichteter Platten 3.2.4.4 Delaminierungsversuche biaxial verdichteter Hirnholzplatten 3.3 Verfahren der Verdichtung und Umformung 3.3.1 Verdichtung 3.3.1.1 Vorrichtungen 3.3.1.2 Prozeß 3.3.1.3 Einflußparameter auf die Verdichtung 3.3.2 Umformung - Technologie 3.4 Methode 3.4.1 Rohdichtebestimmung nach DIN 52182 3.4.2 Feuchtigkeitsbestimmung nach DIN 52183 3.4.3 Temperaturbestimmung 3.4.4 Querzugversuch nach DIN EN 408 3.4.5 Quelldruckversuch 3.4.6 Verdichtung (Compression set) und Rückerinnerung (Recovery set) 3.4.7 Bestimmung der Lage der neutralen Faser 3.4.8 Tiefungsversuch in Anlehnung an DIN ISO 20482 4 Ergebnisse 4.1 Rohdichtemessung 4.2 Quelldruck 4.3 Querzug 4.4 Verdichtung und Rückerinnerung von Kleinproben 4.4.1 Uniaxiale Umformung 4.4.2 Diskussion 4.4.3 Biaxiale Verformung 4.4.4 Diskussion 4.5 Rückerinnerung und Umformung von Plattenprobekörpern 4.5.1 Prüfung ausgewählter Klebstoffeigenschaften an verdichteten Platten 4.5.1.1 Betrachtungen zur Klebstoffauswahl 4.5.1.2 Druckscherversuche nach DIN EN 386 4.5.1.3 Biegeversuche quer zur Faser in Anlehnung an DIN EN 310 (1993) 4.5.1.4 Delaminierungsversuche mit unidirektional verdichteten Platten 4.5.1.5 Delaminierungsversuche mit bidirektional verdichteten Platten 4.5.1.6 Diskussion 4.5.2 Umformung von verdichteten Platten 4.5.2.1 Bestimmung neutrale Faser 4.5.2.2 Einfluss des Verdichtungsgrades 4.5.2.3 Einfluss der Plattendicke 4.5.2.4 Diskussion 4.5.2.5 Uniaxiale Umformung großformatiger Platten 4.5.2.6 Biaxiale Umformung großformatiger Platten 4.5.2.7 Diskussion 5 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick 6 Literaturverzeichnis 7 Anhang / Over the last decades, the general use of wood was displaced by the development of non-lingo-cellulosic materials. Today’s engineering perception of wood is characterized by anisotropy and inhomogeneity, low durability, and large variance. The implementation and adaption of new technologies in wood processing reduced specific disadvantages in material and designs and allowed to achieve continuously reproducible properties. Despite these advances, today two main processing methods are used for wood: sawing and gluing. In the presented work, a forming process has been investigated according to DIN 8582: thermo-hydro mechanical densification with press brake bending and deep drawing. The key aspect of this studies was focused on the wood fiber direction perpendicular to the bending line. It was based on the patents DE 102 24 721 „ Wood Profile and Method of the Production of the Same” and DE 502 08 785 „Wood Profile and Process of the Production of the Same”. The major interest was determined by densification and forming of wood structure profiles utilizing recovery. In the presented study, density distribution and stress-strain behavior was analyzed during densification, recovery, and forming process. A major part of the work was the evaluation of material properties of poplar (Populus sp.), pine (Pinus silvestris L.), balsa (Ochroma boliviana R.), beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and lime (Tilia sp.) regarding their strength and stiffness. Furthermore, tests were performed evaluating the imposed plastic deformations with regard to amount and distribution on small test cubes (60 by 60 by 50 mm³) and uni- and biaxial densified boards. Parameters like wood moisture, temperature, annual ring direction and wood species as well as a description of the different impact on the forming results were assessed. The analysis of neutral axis as well as the tension- and compression zones on the tested specimens allowed for conclusions on the wood behavior during the forming process. The calculation of specimens geometry was made with the strain relationship (tension / compression) of 70 to 30 percent. The technological parameters were described by up-scaling from laboratory to industrial application with special focus on the practical aspects of producing moldable end-grain boards. The grid strain analysis (GSA) enabled an estimation of forming limits on biaxial densified end grain boards in an FLD (forming limit diagram). Tension and deep drawing tests according to Nakajiama (DIN EN ISO 12004-2) were carried out to characterize the 3D-moldability, to determine the degree of deformation and the failure limit by producing ellipsoid elements on biaxial densified end grain boards. A material strain of more than 25% was achieved. Using press brake bending, 18 wood profiles were manufactured with a diameter of 300mm and a length of 3000mm. The implementation of described wood profiles using uniaxial densified large boards was deployed in a wind power plant.:Inhaltsverzeichnis Abkürzungs- und Formelverzeichnis 1 Einleitung 1.1 Gegenstand und Zielsetzung der Arbeit 1.2 Struktur und Lösungsweg 2 Stand der Wissenschaft und Technik 2.1.1 Materialgrundlagen 2.1.2 Anatomie des Holzes 2.1.3 Chemie des Holzes 2.1.4 Physik des Holzes 2.1.4.1 Dichteeinfluß 2.1.4.2 Feuchtigkeitseinfluß 2.1.4.3 Temperatureinfluß 2.1.4.4 Temperatur-Feuchtigkeits-Einfluß auf den Glasübergang (Tg) 2.1.4.5 Einfluß der Porosität 2.2 Holzmodifikation 2.2.1 Umformverfahren 2.2.2 Holzumformung 2.2.2.1 Umformung längs zur Faserrichtung 2.2.2.2 Umformung quer zur Faserrichtung 2.2.2.3 Umformung von porösen Material 3 Eigene Versuche: Material, Methoden und Verfahren 3.1 Vorgehen und Arbeitsschritte 3.2 Materialien 3.2.1 Holz 3.2.1.1 Allgemein 3.2.1.2 Kleinproben 3.2.1.3 Großproben 3.2.1.4 Plattenherstellung 3.2.2 Thermo-hygro-mechanische Umformung (THMU) von Holz 3.2.2.1 Plastifizieren 3.2.2.2 Verdichtung (thermo-mechanisch) 3.2.2.3 Umformung (thermo-hygro mechanisch) 3.2.2.4 Fixierung 3.2.3 Textile Strukturen 3.2.4 Klebstoffe 3.2.4.1 Druckscherversuche DIN EN 386 3.2.4.2 Biegeversuche quer zur Faser in Anlehnung an DIN 52186 (1978) 3.2.4.3 Delaminierungsversuche (DIN EN 391) uniaxial verdichteter Platten 3.2.4.4 Delaminierungsversuche biaxial verdichteter Hirnholzplatten 3.3 Verfahren der Verdichtung und Umformung 3.3.1 Verdichtung 3.3.1.1 Vorrichtungen 3.3.1.2 Prozeß 3.3.1.3 Einflußparameter auf die Verdichtung 3.3.2 Umformung - Technologie 3.4 Methode 3.4.1 Rohdichtebestimmung nach DIN 52182 3.4.2 Feuchtigkeitsbestimmung nach DIN 52183 3.4.3 Temperaturbestimmung 3.4.4 Querzugversuch nach DIN EN 408 3.4.5 Quelldruckversuch 3.4.6 Verdichtung (Compression set) und Rückerinnerung (Recovery set) 3.4.7 Bestimmung der Lage der neutralen Faser 3.4.8 Tiefungsversuch in Anlehnung an DIN ISO 20482 4 Ergebnisse 4.1 Rohdichtemessung 4.2 Quelldruck 4.3 Querzug 4.4 Verdichtung und Rückerinnerung von Kleinproben 4.4.1 Uniaxiale Umformung 4.4.2 Diskussion 4.4.3 Biaxiale Verformung 4.4.4 Diskussion 4.5 Rückerinnerung und Umformung von Plattenprobekörpern 4.5.1 Prüfung ausgewählter Klebstoffeigenschaften an verdichteten Platten 4.5.1.1 Betrachtungen zur Klebstoffauswahl 4.5.1.2 Druckscherversuche nach DIN EN 386 4.5.1.3 Biegeversuche quer zur Faser in Anlehnung an DIN EN 310 (1993) 4.5.1.4 Delaminierungsversuche mit unidirektional verdichteten Platten 4.5.1.5 Delaminierungsversuche mit bidirektional verdichteten Platten 4.5.1.6 Diskussion 4.5.2 Umformung von verdichteten Platten 4.5.2.1 Bestimmung neutrale Faser 4.5.2.2 Einfluss des Verdichtungsgrades 4.5.2.3 Einfluss der Plattendicke 4.5.2.4 Diskussion 4.5.2.5 Uniaxiale Umformung großformatiger Platten 4.5.2.6 Biaxiale Umformung großformatiger Platten 4.5.2.7 Diskussion 5 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick 6 Literaturverzeichnis 7 Anhang
115

New Manufacturing Technology for Volume Optimization of Parts : Amorphous Metal Moulding / Ny tillverkningsteknik för volymsoptimering av detaljer : Amorf metallgjutning

Jonsson, Andreas January 2021 (has links)
Amorphous metals have gained a lot of attention since its introduction in the 1960s, and the usage and knowledge are growing rapidly. The underlying reason for this trend is the desire to utilize these materials unique combinationof properties. New manufacturing techniques such as amorphous metal moulding (AMM) have enabled themanufacture of larger and more complex amorphous products in larger production volumes than before. In order to successfully implement AMM into the development and production of products, knowledge regarding its strengths and weaknesses, as well as how to relate to it when designing parts to be manufactured using the technology is needed. The objective in this master thesis was to investigate the implementation and potential gains of using amorphous alloys made with AMM, both in theory using academic research, and in practice by redesigning existing productsto be manufactured using the technology. Processes how to identify products that are suitable to manufacture and then design them for AMM were formulated. The academic research was compiled in a literature study and served as a base together with a dialog with a manufacturer to formulate these processes. The processes were then used toredesign the current fuze holder designs to accommodate the new manufacturing requirements posed by AMM. A 3D-model was designed and later analysed to provide a design with sufficient strength. It was shown that substantial volume reductions were possible but at a penalty of increased weight and cost, due to the higher density and material cost of the amorphous alloys compared to the current aluminium alloy. Furthermore, as of this writing, with the limitations that exists with the technology, it was not possible to design the fuze holders to fulfil all requirements that exist for AMM. But a small piston that is currently made of steel was shown to be possible to manufacture using AMM, which resulted in both reduced volume and weight, but also cost. In order toverify the results in this study and to progress further, a prototype should be manufactured and tested. This in order to verify both the integrity of the analysis, but also to verify that the design meets the other requirements posed onfuze holders, such as environmental and functional demands. / Amorfa metaller har fått mycket uppmärksamhet sedan deras introduktion under 1960-talet och användandet och kunskaperna ökar i snabb takt. Den bakomliggande orsaken för denna trend är viljan att utnyttja dessa materials unika kombination av egenskaper. Nya tillverkningstekniker såsom amorf metallgjutning (AMM) har möjliggjort tillverkningen av större och mer komplexa amorfa produkter i större produktionsvolymer än tidigare. För att framgångsrikt implementera AMM till utvecklingen och produktionen av produkter måste kunskap kring dess styrkor och svagheter utvärderas. Men även kunskap hur man ska förhålla sig till den när man konstruerar AMM detaljer. Målet med detta examensarbete var att undersöka genomförandet och potentiella fördelar av att använda amorfametaller gjorda med AMM både teoretiskt via akademisk forskning och i praktiken genom att omkonstruera en existerande produkt för att tillverkas med teknologin. Processer hur man identifierar produkter som är lämpliga att tillverka med AMM och sedan hur dessa ska konstrueras formulerades. Den akademiska litteraturen samlades i en litteraturstudie och användes tillsammans med en dialog med en tillverkare till att formulera dessa processer. Processerna användes sedan för att omkonstruera den nuvarande tändrörshållardesigner för att tillgodose de nya tillverkningskraven som uppstår från AMM. En 3D-modell konstruerades och analyserades sedan för att säkerställaen konstruktion med tillräcklig hållfasthet. Det visades att betydande volymminskningar var möjliga men till en följd av ökad vikt och kostnad på grund avden amorfa legeringens högre densitet och kostnad jämfört med nuvarande aluminiumlegering. Vidare demonstrerades att det vid skrivande stund inte var möjligt att tillverka tändrörshållarna med AMM på grund av teknologins nuvarande begränsningar. Dock visades att en liten kolv som i dagsläget tillverkas i stål kunde tillverkasmed AMM vilket resulterade i en minskning av volymen, massan och kostnaden. För att bekräfta resultaten i denna studie samt för att gå vidare bör en prototyp tillverkas och testas. Detta för att bekräfta både analysens integritet men även för att bekräfta att konstruktionen når upp till de andra kraven som ställs på tändrörshållare såsom miljö- och funktionskrav.
116

Expanding textural expressions of synthetic non-woven

Hansson, Malin January 2020 (has links)
This degree work places itself in the field of textile design within printing and surface design. The primary motive is to explore methods of designing textural expressions of a non-woven polyester fabric which combine relief and printing techniques in order to design textiles with three-dimensional properties. The work explores possibilities on how to bring an aesthetic expression into a synthetic non-woven inlay fabric by using screen print, sublimation print and relief moulding towards an interior context. The purpose is to take advantage of the technical properties such as expansion, softness and stiffness of a non-woven polyester fabric into the design work. The design method consisted of a material-based pre-study to gain knowledge about non-woven materials and their reactions to heat, moulding possibilities and printing options. Further developments were done through workshops that explored frottage as design inspiration for final designs and gradations with halftones as a colouring method. The outcome of this degree work resulted in a collection of three textile pieces; a wall covering, a room divider and a sound absorber that are seen as prototypes for further development on how to give synthetic non-woven textiles an alternative aesthetic expression.
117

Enhancement of Industrial Horizontal Rubber Injection Moulding Machine Feeding System

John, Minchin, Balakrishnan, Krishnakumar January 2021 (has links)
This study aims to improve the design of the feeding system of industrial horizontal rubber injection moulding machines. There are many ways to implement this research. Still, the suitable design is to implement such a mechanism that will help reduce the operator intervention in the feeding system of the injection moulding machine. The FEM analysis is used to understand the real-world situation on the feed part or assembly. This analysis also provides the ability to detect the potential issues in the design, including the tension area of design and the weak spots. In the industrial horizontal rubber injection moulding machine, the same technique is used to evaluate the feeding system and based on it, the roller conveyor is designed. The 3D model is implemented using Cad software. The selection of motor for the roller conveyor and the power transmission system is also extracted to maintain the quality and enhance the feeding system's productivity. In the research, a design is presented to improve the feeding system in which the conveyor belt is designed, which provides complete support for the feeding system.
118

3D printed elastic mould granulation

Okeyo, Clint, Chowdhury, D.F., Cheung, K., Rahmanian, Nejat 04 December 2018 (has links)
Yes / In the pharmaceutical industry, enhanced process understanding resulting in superior control of product attributes, has the potential to save up to 20% of process engineering and product development costs during drug development. With the aim of achieving enhanced process understating, a novel approach for granulation of fine powders is presented. First, a mould with the desired particle shape and size is created using 3D printing followed by casting using elastomeric material. The formulation is prepared through wet massing and tested as a thin film on flat elastomeric membranes. The thin film itself can be a product but it also gives a good indication of coating performance before coating the patterned elastic membrane with the formulation i.e., 3D printed elastic mould granulation. Results show that following granulation and drying, granules of controlled size and shape (e.g. cubic and 500 μm), strength, friability and flowability can be formed. The method presented may allow for more robust process development in particle engineering. / Research Development Fund Publication Prize Award winner, December 2018.
119

A non-isothermal experimental and simulation study of residual wall thickness in Gas Assisted Injection Moulding

Olley, Peter, Mulvaney-Johnson, Leigh, Coates, Philip D. January 2006 (has links)
Yes / A methodical 'design of experiment' approach is used to assess the effect of key control parameters on residual wall thickness (RWT) in Gas Assisted Injection Moulding. An empirical model is produced from which the experimental RWT can be determined at any interpolated point. This model includes only those terms with proven statistical significance. The 'true' thermal boundary conditions are determined for a 1-D approximation to the system, this is sufficient to determine the error in a simulation method that enforces coolant temperature as the mould boundary condition for temperature. It is shown that errors in heat-flux and wall temperature are small. A 3-D finite element, pseudo-concentration implementation is presented, with a novel method for simulation of internal gas injection. The simulation is shown to give good agreement with the experimental rate of growth of wall thickness as gas delay is increased; good qualitative agreement is shown for other control parameters.
120

Gas assisted injection moulding: Experiment and simulation. Industrial machine experimental studies of the effect of process variables on gas bubble formation, and with simulation based upon a pseudo-concentration method.

Mulvaney-Johnson, Leigh January 2001 (has links)
The gas assisted injection moulding process is an important extension to conventional injection moulding. Gas assist can be applied in a number of ways, but here the penetration of a gas bubble through the polymer melt is of interest. A 3D fi nite element implementation of a pseudo concentration method is employed to simulate the primary penetration of the gas bubble. The wall thickness prediction is an important result since the extent of bubble penetration is sensitive to the remaining melt fraction. A number of methods for experimental measurement are developed to measure characteristics of the gas assisted injection moulding process dynamics and product. Key process variables, on an industrial gas-assist machine, were measured and analysed, leading to an empirical model for wall thickness prediction. Gas delay time and injection velocity are shown to be most influential in controlling residual wall thickness. Simulation results are evaluated against the empirical model. The trends observed, for simulation and experiment, in wall thickness after changes in process variable settings are found to agree qualitatively. The wall thickness prediction is found to be within 10% of the experimentally obtained measurements. / EPSRC

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