During orchestral performance, conductors play a role in which they provide their interpretations of the musical composition, communicating these interpretational intentions via their body movement. Pedagogical sources propose movement emblems for stock actions by which a conductor may deliver compositional and interpretational features in conducting practise. This thesis reports a mixed-methods study which provides empirical observations on the kinematic features evident in conducting practise, and which aims to explore the connection between such movements with compositional features and conductors’ interpretative intentions. Six conductors’ interpretational intentions were collected in interviews, and their conducting movements were recorded using a Qualisys motion capture system, while they worked on excerpts of repertoire by Mozart, Dvořák, and Bartók with a small string ensemble. In the interviews, conductors reported their general thoughts and beliefs about conducting. They were also prompted to identify the compositional events which they sought to highlight in their conducting, and to describe the conducting strategies they intended to use to highlight these musical events. The resulting qualitative data were thematically analysed. The conductor-identified compositional features were also used to guide kinematic investigations, using an innovative analysis method original to this project, Deviation Point Analysis (DPA). Conductors’ movements are described using four dependent variables of baton tip (movement distance, speed, acceleration, and jerk). Results are reported for two-way repeated measures ANOVAs (repertoire x trial), and for t-tests revealing significant differences between cross-correlation coefficients for within-conductor trial pairs and between-conductor trial pairs. Further examination of the data using DPA serves to distinguish time-points with observable kinematic deviations from the conducting trials. These kinematic deviations were compared with conductors’ stated intentions. Prominent clusters of kinematic deviations were seen to be associated with key musical events which conductors intended to emphasize temporal, melodic, dynamic, and instrumental aspects. Minor clusters of kinematic deviations were seen to be connected with interpretational intentions in a less stable manner, some occurring remotely from the conductor-identified locations. DPA method and findings are fully reported. The implications, advantages and limitations of this novel analysis approach are also discussed.

Este estudo sobre o ciclo de canções Dichterliebe opus 48 de Robert Schumann aponta para uma série de procedimentos composicionais que evidenciam o estreito vínculo entre os léxicos poético e musical, a relação do compositor com a estética do fragmento e a excepcional complexidade da escrita schumanniana na construção do ciclo. Nesse sentido e fazendo uso da análise de cada canção, o trabalho trata das características idiomáticas de Schumann no intuito de compreender, de forma mais profunda, o processo composicional do Dichterliebe. O estudo analítico intenta dar suporte às questões de ordem interpretativa. Aspectos da hermenêutica na análise como a interação da memória musical, construção de estados psicológicos sugeridos pelo texto e amplificados pela música, interferências e transmutações dos códigos literário e musical são tratados de forma primacial, na busca de uma abordagem coerente que possa servir de parâmetro para uma interpretação, favorecendo tanto a execução como uma escuta ativa, ainda que tal interpretação seja passível de discussões e novas interpretações. / This is a study on Robert Schumann\'s song cycle Dichterliebe opus 48. It points to a series of compositional procedures which emphasize a close link between Schumann\'s poetical and musical lexicon, his relation with the aesthetics of fragment and the extraordinary complexity of his writing in composing the cycle. In this regard, through an analysis of each song, this work addresses Schumann\'s idiomatic features to provide a deeper understanding of his compositional process in Dichterliebe. The analytical study aims at supporting interpretative issues. Special attention is devoted to some aspects of hermeneutics in analysis -- such as musical memory interaction, construction of psychological states suggested by the text and amplified by the music, interference and transmutation of musical and literary codes. This is done in the pursuit of a coherent approach which will serve as a pattern for interpretation, being helpful for both performance and active listening, although such interpretation might be the subject of discussions and new interpretations.

Este estudo sobre o ciclo de canções Dichterliebe opus 48 de Robert Schumann aponta para uma série de procedimentos composicionais que evidenciam o estreito vínculo entre os léxicos poético e musical, a relação do compositor com a estética do fragmento e a excepcional complexidade da escrita schumanniana na construção do ciclo. Nesse sentido e fazendo uso da análise de cada canção, o trabalho trata das características idiomáticas de Schumann no intuito de compreender, de forma mais profunda, o processo composicional do Dichterliebe. O estudo analítico intenta dar suporte às questões de ordem interpretativa. Aspectos da hermenêutica na análise como a interação da memória musical, construção de estados psicológicos sugeridos pelo texto e amplificados pela música, interferências e transmutações dos códigos literário e musical são tratados de forma primacial, na busca de uma abordagem coerente que possa servir de parâmetro para uma interpretação, favorecendo tanto a execução como uma escuta ativa, ainda que tal interpretação seja passível de discussões e novas interpretações. / This is a study on Robert Schumann\'s song cycle Dichterliebe opus 48. It points to a series of compositional procedures which emphasize a close link between Schumann\'s poetical and musical lexicon, his relation with the aesthetics of fragment and the extraordinary complexity of his writing in composing the cycle. In this regard, through an analysis of each song, this work addresses Schumann\'s idiomatic features to provide a deeper understanding of his compositional process in Dichterliebe. The analytical study aims at supporting interpretative issues. Special attention is devoted to some aspects of hermeneutics in analysis -- such as musical memory interaction, construction of psychological states suggested by the text and amplified by the music, interference and transmutation of musical and literary codes. This is done in the pursuit of a coherent approach which will serve as a pattern for interpretation, being helpful for both performance and active listening, although such interpretation might be the subject of discussions and new interpretations.

This text is a personal reflection on my examination concert that took place on 17th May 2014. Instead of just preparing and performing a concert and then moving on to new projects, the writing of this text offered me a chance and an obligation to thoroughly reflect upon my work. I will shortly motivate how I made my choice of repertoire and why I chose the particular pieces. I wanted to make up an interesting program of pieces of different character. I also wanted to find pieces that would challenge me in different ways. I will then write about each piece and discuss the problems and challenges I had to solve and find a solution to. I will have a slightly different approach when discussing the different pieces. Regarding Alkan, after a brief introduction to the composer and the piano symphony, I will mainly focus on how to deal with and tackle the complex and highly demanding piano writing. Concerning the piano pieces by Pörn I will write about the emergence of them and describe them briefly. As I have had the opportunity to consult the composer while preparing his music, our cooperation has not only enabled me to get a detailed insight to his music, but it has also resulted in the composer making changes and rewriting certain passages. I will present some of these modifications, which for the most part appeared in the etudes. When it comes to the trio by Brahms, I will give an overview of some of the challenges in the piece, concerning ensemble playing and technically demanding passages in the piano part. Thereafter I will analyse the concert, first by writing about the impressions I had during and immediately after the concert, then by writing about the observations I gathered from listening to the recording. I found out that, in order to find solutions for certain interpretational or technical challenges, one needs to go beyond the printed score to find meaning, in other words, what it is that the composer wants to say. Sometimes there can be a discrepancy between the composer’s musical message and his suggestion of its execution. In some cases the performer has to decide whether he wants to carry out the composer’s instructions to the letter, or rather to find an own way of delivering the musical message. / <p>Christoffer Pörn: Tre berättelser för piano</p><p>Johannes Brahms: Trio för piano, klarinett och cello op 114</p><p>Christoffer Pörn: Tre etyder för piano</p><p>Charles-Valentin Alkan: Symfoni för piano op 39 </p><p>Medverkande: Anna Lisa Mühlig - klarinett, Jessie Liu - cello</p>

Musical interpretation is, despite being commonly discussed in practice, an under researchedarea. Additionally, most of the studies we have, concentrate on western classical piano players.The aim of this thesis is to contribute another perspective and investigate how tertiarypercussion students and teachers understand musical interpretation. The study is based on eightinterviews with three teachers and five students from different Swedish music colleges. Ianalysed the interviews using a hermeneutic-phenomenological approach and found five broadthemes: the first comprising the definitions of interpretation, second encompassing theprocesses it that interpretation consists of, the third listing the needed skillset, the fourthillustrating the perceived freedom of expression and the last, covering the teaching and learningof musical interpretation. The findings are in many ways line with previous research, but someinteresting differences arise. Participants see interpretation as a multifaceted process that ishighly contextual, personal, and ongoing. Interpretation includes co-creative aspects withcomposers, fellow musicians, and audience. They apply many different methods to facilitatethe process of interpretation. In order to develop interpretational skills, students require asupportive and secure environment. They believe professors should provide guidance throughdifferent approaches ranging from strict guidelines and opinions to discussion and fosteringautonomy and self-confidence

Detta självständiga arbete utforskar min egen interpretationsprocess och musikaliska gestaltning av stycket O wüsst’ ich doch den Weg zurück tonsatt av Johannes Brahms (1833-1897), text av Klaus Groth (1819-1899) utifrån ett hermeneutiskt perspektiv. Insamling av data har skett under en termin med hjälp av loggbok och videoinspelning. Syftet med denna studie är att få en större insikt i, och förståelse för vad ett interpretationsarbete innebär. Analysresultatet visar att interpretationsprocessen innehåller många olika moment och delmoment som sammanfattats i dessa sex teman: Översättning och tolkning, uttal och textning, inre scenografi, musikaliska uttrycksmedel, memorering samt samspel med pianist. Resultatet diskuteras därefter i relation till tidigare forskning och bakgrundslitteratur inom området. / This study explores my own assimilation process, and musical interpretation of the piece O wüsst’ ich doch den Weg zurück composed by Johannes Brahms (1833-1897), text by Klaus Groth (1819-1899) from a hermeneutic perspective. The data was gathered during one semester and has mainly been taken down in form of a logbook and at some selected occasions video recording was used. The purpose of this work is to find out what an interpretation process can include and how it might be structured in order to be able to develop the interpretational process. The results of this study show that the interpretation process includes many different elements, which is summarized in six themes: Translation and interpretation, pronunciation and articulation, musical expressions, internal imaging, memorization and interaction with the pianist. The results are then discussed in relation to previous research and literature.

The idea that music acts in part as a vehicle for meaning is a truism in both popular reception and music scholarship. The language used to speak and to write about music is replete with words that describe it metaphorically. Melodies descend; rhythms speed up; timbre is smooth. Certainly, we use these terms for communicative facility, yet by applying this language to music, we create metaphors that, according to Ludwig Wittgenstein, act as frames that direct interpretation. In the paper, I put forth a theory that views metaphor as the process of semantic transfer or substitution in which a non-musical concept stands in for a musical feature, effectively enabling us to hear music as more than simply sound. The use of certain metaphors receives inspiration from previously heard music, programs, a perceived similarity with non-musical phenomena, or a combination of these. The methodology that I propose coordinates these metaphors—places them within a single frame—and enables them to interact with one another and to create a more palpable musical experience for the listener. I use Chopin's E minor and A major preludes from Op. 28 as the primary models for expounding this hermeneutic. / text

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:52:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1474085 bytes, checksum: 53eebfe63eaaa4517135ec0d8600346b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This paper discusses the challenge of the trombone performance in interpreting the work Inventiva No. 1 for solo trombone Francisco Fernandes Filho, known as Maestro Chiquito. The first stage of this research deals with the history of the composer's life, contemplating with his characters and events the importance of Maestro Chiquito for instrumental music of Paraiba. The second approach we intend to do a technical and expressive elements of a general scope of the music written for trombone, and stylistic elements found in the composer's work for trombone above. In the third and last, we demonstrate the concepts of interpretative Inventiva No. 1 for solo trombone, which represent a considerable portion of relevance to the trombone repertoire in Brazil. In the methodology of this research were readings that underlie the concepts of musical performance of the performer, the compositional process of music for trombone, as well as discussions about the work being studied in order to have an understanding of the concepts and interpretive style for the executed, where we use various instruments to collect data such as photographs, interviews and analysis of the interviews, addition to the literature review and consultation Internet. It is hoped that with this whole process seen and analyzed on the music written for the trombone Maestro Chiquito, serve as a parameter to other trombonists will use as study material. / Este trabalho discute o desafio da performance do trombonista em interpretar a obra Inventiva nº1 para trombone solo de Francisco Fernandes Filho, conhecido como Maestro Chiquito. O primeiro capítulo desta pesquisa trata da história de vida do compositor, contemplando com seus personagens e eventos a importância do Maestro Chiquito para a música instrumental da Paraíba. No segundo capítulo buscamos uma abordagem dos elementos técnicos e expressivos num âmbito geral da música escrita para trombone, bem como os elementos estilísticos encontrados na obra para trombone do compositor acima citado. No terceiro e último capítulo demonstramos as concepções interpretativas da Inventiva nº1 para trombone solo, que constituem considerável parcela de relevância para o repertório do trombone no Brasil. Na metodologia desta pesquisa foram feitas leituras que fundamentaram os conceitos da performance musical do instrumentista, o processo composicional da música para trombone, bem como, discussões a cerca da obra em estudo, afim de se ter um entendimento das concepções interpretativas e de estilo para a execução da mesma, onde utilizamos de vários instrumentos de coleta de dados,como, fotografias, entrevistas e análise das entrevistas, além da revisão bibliográfica e consulta a internet. Espera-se com isso, que todo o processo visto e analisado sobre a música escrita para trombone do Maestro Chiquito, sirva de parâmetro para que outros trombonistas venham a utilizar como material de estudo.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:52:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2833524 bytes, checksum: 22d43cca815c9a91e9aeaf78fc3e7a02 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This research tested two different applications of the performance cue s memorization model (CHAFFIN et al., 2002) in Robert Schumann s Abegg Variations. The aim of the first model s application was the memorized public performance of the piece with no memory lapses. The second application, otherwise, adopted a different view of the model and its aim was to improve musical interpretation through the utilization of the performance cues as points of attention during performance, and it purposes were: (1) to test expressive performance cues as points of attention during performance, and its influence in the resulting sound, and (2) to investigate the potentiality of timbre and timing as parameters of the expressive performance cues applied in the Abegg Variations s performances. The methodology was supported by two practice diaries and audio recorded tests of the applications in four public performances. In these performances the number of memory lapses was inexistent or almost inexistent. We also realized a comparative analysis of the timbre and timing in two recordings of these public performances, to verify the result of the use of performance cues projected in the sound. The results of this research confirmed the efficacy of the performance cue s memorization model in the Abegg Variations and also revealed the possibility of using the expressive performance cues in the refinement of the musical interpretation, mainly in the second application of the model. / Esta pesquisa testou duas aplicações do modelo de memorização através de guias de execução, proposto por Chaffin et al. (2002), nas Variações Abegg de Schumann. A primeira aplicação do modelo teve como fim a memorização da peça e a execução da mesma em público, visando uma performance sem falhas de memória. A segunda aplicação adotou uma visão diferenciada do modelo e buscou aprimorar a interpretação da peça através da utilização dos guias de execução como focos de atenção durante a performance, tendo como objetivos: (1) testar os guias de execução expressivos como focos de atenção durante a performance e a sua influência na produção do som e (2) investigar a potencialidade do timbre e da manipulação temporal como fonte de guias de execução expressivos nas Variações Abegg, de Schumann. A metodologia contou com o suporte de dois diários de estudo e testes das aplicações em quatro apresentações públicas. Nestas apresentações o número e falhas de memória por parte da intérprete e autora deste trabalho foi praticamente nulo. Realizamos também uma análise comparativa de aspectos de manipulação do tempo e timbre entre duas gravações de performances públicas das Variações Abegg, realizada através do software Sonic Visualiser, com o intuito de verificar o resultado sonoro efetivo da utilização dos guias. Os resultados desta pesquisa, além de comprovar a eficácia do modelo a partir de guias de execução na memorização da peça, revelaram a possibilidade de utilização dos guias expressivos no aprimoramento da interpretação musical, principalmente na segunda aplicação do modelo.

143 f. / Submitted by JURANDI DE SOUZA SILVA (jssufba@hotmail.com) on 2013-03-08T15:01:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Angelo Rafael Palma da Fonseca.pdf: 2475279 bytes, checksum: d3c3de5a34a5b87d44e2afce487825ab (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles(rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-03-22T14:01:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Angelo Rafael Palma da Fonseca.pdf: 2475279 bytes, checksum: d3c3de5a34a5b87d44e2afce487825ab (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-03-22T14:01:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Angelo Rafael Palma da Fonseca.pdf: 2475279 bytes, checksum: d3c3de5a34a5b87d44e2afce487825ab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Neste trabalho apresentaremos uma concepção musical das “Impressões Sinfônicas” Festa das Igrejas, do compositor Francisco Mignone. O aspecto interpretativo é o foco principal deste estudo, por isso destacaremos alguns dos muitos componentes musicais intrínsecos à partitura, indicando possibilidades de interpretação com base numa visão hermenêutica. Todas as considerações sobre harmonia, melodia, ritmo, textura, articulação e demais elementos são utilizadas para evidenciar pensamentos do intérprete acerca da obra. Acreditamos que uma visão hermenêutica da composição, como também da regência, é de suma importância para identificar e relacionar as informações musicais e extramusicais relativas à peça e a tal ofício, proporcionando melhor compreensão, elaboração e realização das etapas de preparação da música, obtendo assim uma concepção musical consistente. O primeiro capítulo é composto pela fundamentação teórica deste trabalho, abarcando considerações sobre a regência, a interpretação e o intérprete. No segundo capítulo serão apresentadas informações referentes à hermenêutica e um exercício hermenêutico sobre algumas atividades do campo da regência. O terceiro capítulo é formado pelas informações sobre as “Impressões Sinfônicas” Festa das Igrejas. O quarto capítulo é dirigido à concepção musical da obra. Por fim, apresentaremos as considerações finais. Com esta pesquisa, acreditamos que a utilização da hermenêutica do ponto de vista da regência pode ser uma poderosa ferramenta de trabalho para o maestro, revelando a ele novas perspectivas sobre seu ofício e, acima de tudo, sobre sua atuação profissional. / Salvador