Este estudo objetivou identificar, apresentar e analisar, à luz do trabalho imaterial, o trabalho e a estratégia de viver a vida de músico da cena autoral e independente na sociedade do hiperespetáculo. Sua base teórica foi fundamentada sob a noção de trabalho imaterial (GORZ, 2005; GRISCI, 2006; LAZZARATO; NEGRI, 2001), sociedade do espetáculo (DEBORD, 1997) e hiperespetáculo (LIPOVETSKY 2015), indústria musical e cena musical independente (GALLETA 2014; HERSCHMANN, 2012; MAUDONNET, 2015; NETO, 2015; FRANCIS, 2011; VIVEIRO; NAKANO, 2008), e estratégia existencial consumista (BAUMAN, 2008a; BAUMAN; RAUD, 2017). A pesquisa caracterizou-se como exploratória qualitativa e contou com a participação de quatorze músicos da cena autoral e independente que participaram, pelo menos, de um de dois coletivos de músicos da cena autoral e independente de Porto Alegre/RS e que estão ativos na cena. A coleta de dados se deu pela realização de um grupo focal com seis participantes de um dos coletivos mencionados e entrevistas semiestruturadas com outros oito músicos de ambos os coletivos. A análise de conteúdo seguiu orientações de Minayo (2001) e resultou três categorias de análise: (i) (auto)composição e trabalho imaterial: a difícil arte de ser músico da cena autoral e independente; (ii) música e cena autoral e independente; e (iii) estratégia de viver a vida em busca de afinação. O estudo permitiu mostrar o esforço em busca de afinação como estratégia de viver a vida de músico da cena autoral e independente. Algo que se dá em meio a tensão – consentir, resistir – no que diz respeito aos princípios e valores que circulam na cena independente cada vez mais dependente. A estratégia de viver a vida em busca de afinação explicita o debate entre a harmonia e a cacofonia, mostrando-se condizente com a estratégia existencial consumista (BAUMAN, 2008a; BAUMAND; RAUD, 2017). / This study aimed to identify, present and analyze, based on immaterial labor, the work and the strategy of living of the authoral and independent scene musical life in the hyper-spectacle society. Its theoretical basis was grounded on the notion of immaterial labor (GORZ, 2005; GRISCI, 2006; LAZZARATO; NEGRI, 2001), spectacle society (DEBORD, 1997), hyper-spectacle society (LIPOVETSKY 2015), music industry and independent musical scene (GALLETA 2014; HERSCHMANN, 2012; MAUDONNET, 2015; NETO, 2015; FRANCIS, 2011; VIVEIRO; NAKANO, 2008) and existential consumerist strategy (BAUMAN, 2008a, BAUMAND, RAUD, 2017). The research was characterized as qualitative exploratory and reached the participation of fourteen authoral and independent scene musicians who have participated at least in one of two collective of musicians of the authorial and independent scene of Porto Alegre/RS and that are active in the scene . The data collection occurred through a focus group with six participants from one of the mentioned collectives and semi-structured interviews with eight other musicians from both collectives. Content analysis followed Minayo's (2001) instructions and supported three categories of analysis: (i) (self)composition and immaterial labor: the hard art of being authorial and independent scene musician; (ii) music and authorial and independent scene; and (iii) the strategy of living life looking for tuning. The study allowed to show the effort in looking for tuning as a strategy of living the authoral and independent scene musicians life. Something that occurs through the tension – consenting, resisting – regarding to the principles and values that circulate in the independent scene, increasingly dependent. The strategy of living life looking for tuning explicitly explains the debate between harmony and cacophony, showing itself to consistent with the existential consumerist strategy (BAUMAN, 2008a; BAUMAND, RAUD, 2017).

Este estudo objetivou identificar, apresentar e analisar, à luz do trabalho imaterial, o trabalho e a estratégia de viver a vida de músico da cena autoral e independente na sociedade do hiperespetáculo. Sua base teórica foi fundamentada sob a noção de trabalho imaterial (GORZ, 2005; GRISCI, 2006; LAZZARATO; NEGRI, 2001), sociedade do espetáculo (DEBORD, 1997) e hiperespetáculo (LIPOVETSKY 2015), indústria musical e cena musical independente (GALLETA 2014; HERSCHMANN, 2012; MAUDONNET, 2015; NETO, 2015; FRANCIS, 2011; VIVEIRO; NAKANO, 2008), e estratégia existencial consumista (BAUMAN, 2008a; BAUMAN; RAUD, 2017). A pesquisa caracterizou-se como exploratória qualitativa e contou com a participação de quatorze músicos da cena autoral e independente que participaram, pelo menos, de um de dois coletivos de músicos da cena autoral e independente de Porto Alegre/RS e que estão ativos na cena. A coleta de dados se deu pela realização de um grupo focal com seis participantes de um dos coletivos mencionados e entrevistas semiestruturadas com outros oito músicos de ambos os coletivos. A análise de conteúdo seguiu orientações de Minayo (2001) e resultou três categorias de análise: (i) (auto)composição e trabalho imaterial: a difícil arte de ser músico da cena autoral e independente; (ii) música e cena autoral e independente; e (iii) estratégia de viver a vida em busca de afinação. O estudo permitiu mostrar o esforço em busca de afinação como estratégia de viver a vida de músico da cena autoral e independente. Algo que se dá em meio a tensão – consentir, resistir – no que diz respeito aos princípios e valores que circulam na cena independente cada vez mais dependente. A estratégia de viver a vida em busca de afinação explicita o debate entre a harmonia e a cacofonia, mostrando-se condizente com a estratégia existencial consumista (BAUMAN, 2008a; BAUMAND; RAUD, 2017). / This study aimed to identify, present and analyze, based on immaterial labor, the work and the strategy of living of the authoral and independent scene musical life in the hyper-spectacle society. Its theoretical basis was grounded on the notion of immaterial labor (GORZ, 2005; GRISCI, 2006; LAZZARATO; NEGRI, 2001), spectacle society (DEBORD, 1997), hyper-spectacle society (LIPOVETSKY 2015), music industry and independent musical scene (GALLETA 2014; HERSCHMANN, 2012; MAUDONNET, 2015; NETO, 2015; FRANCIS, 2011; VIVEIRO; NAKANO, 2008) and existential consumerist strategy (BAUMAN, 2008a, BAUMAND, RAUD, 2017). The research was characterized as qualitative exploratory and reached the participation of fourteen authoral and independent scene musicians who have participated at least in one of two collective of musicians of the authorial and independent scene of Porto Alegre/RS and that are active in the scene . The data collection occurred through a focus group with six participants from one of the mentioned collectives and semi-structured interviews with eight other musicians from both collectives. Content analysis followed Minayo's (2001) instructions and supported three categories of analysis: (i) (self)composition and immaterial labor: the hard art of being authorial and independent scene musician; (ii) music and authorial and independent scene; and (iii) the strategy of living life looking for tuning. The study allowed to show the effort in looking for tuning as a strategy of living the authoral and independent scene musicians life. Something that occurs through the tension – consenting, resisting – regarding to the principles and values that circulate in the independent scene, increasingly dependent. The strategy of living life looking for tuning explicitly explains the debate between harmony and cacophony, showing itself to consistent with the existential consumerist strategy (BAUMAN, 2008a; BAUMAND, RAUD, 2017).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:25:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CarlosHPC_DISSERT.pdf: 6171733 bytes, checksum: 9b7c8bf360c442fc62ae10cea64f4290 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-12 / This study aims to analyze the process of resignification of Chile Street, in Natal, from the development of a music scene in the late 1990s. Chile Street, as part of the Historic Centre of Natal, had its images constructed from the discursive practices and everyday life of its regular visitors, leading to a series of symbolic and imaging transformations throughout the twentieth century. Initially transformed into glamorous space as a result of urban actions of the new republic of Albuquerque Maranh?o, in the early twentieth century, Ribeira and Chile Street, specifically, came to be seen as bohemian area, during the war time"; followed by a marginal phase, it was eventually transformed into the main rocker area of Natal, with the development of a musical scene in the second half of the 1990s. This music scene, its practices, economic interests, cultural events and identity ties created among their practitioners made Chile Street, "in the time of Blackout night club", an "alternative" space. As the historic centers, inserted in the logic of postmodern city marketing, both spaces are dynamic in their practices, as in their images, Chile Street also suffered changes in its meanings and symbols, around the year 2000 when the alternative-underground space became a pop space, where people from various parts of the city began attending its events and places, transforming it into a point of very heterogeneous sociability / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal analisar o processo de ressignifica??o da Rua Chile a partir do desenvolvimento de uma cena musical em fins dos anos 1990. A Rua Chile, enquanto parte do Centro Hist?rico de Natal, teve suas imagens constru?das a partir das pr?ticas cotidianas e discursivas de seus freq?entadores, levando a uma s?rie de transforma??es imag?ticas e simb?licas ao longo do s?culo XX. Inicialmente transformada em espa?o glamoroso pelas a??es urban?sticas da nova rep?blica dos Albuquerque Maranh?o, no in?cio do s?culo XX, a Ribeira e a Rua Chile, especificamente, passou a ser vista e dita como bo?mia, nos tempos da guerra ; seguindo por uma fase marginal, acabou sendo transformada em principal espa?o roqueiro da cidade de Natal, a partir do desenvolvimento de uma cena musical, na segunda metade dos anos 1990. Essa cena musical, suas pr?ticas, interesses econ?micos, manifesta??es culturais e la?os identit?rios criados entre seus praticantes constru?ram, nos tempos do Blackout , uma imagem de espa?o alternativo acerca da Rua Chile. Como os Centros Hist?ricos, inseridos na l?gica da city marketing p?s-moderna, s?o espa?os din?micos tanto em suas pr?ticas, quanto em suas imagens, a Rua Chile ainda sofreu altera??es em seus significados e simbologias, por volta do ano 2000, quando de espa?o alternativo-underground passou a ser representado como um espa?o pop, onde pessoas de v?rias partes a cidade passaram a freq?entar seus eventos e recantos, transformando-a em um point de sociabilidades bastante heterog?neas

Submitted by Valdemir Aparecido Da Silva (valdemir.silva@unesp.br) on 2018-10-13T02:58:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Valdemir Ap da Silva_versão final.pdf: 28984860 bytes, checksum: f0e224f984b1633cd02aa82e9684f22f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Laura Mariane de Andrade null (laura.andrade@ia.unesp.br) on 2018-10-15T18:32:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_va_me_ia.pdf: 25091234 bytes, checksum: 483c1719d560c7e7fb69da13f2433ae1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-15T18:32:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_va_me_ia.pdf: 25091234 bytes, checksum: 483c1719d560c7e7fb69da13f2433ae1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-30 / Esta dissertação de mestrado teve como objetivo principal editar 31 obras ainda não publicadas da compositora Adelaide Pereira da Silva e produzir um catálogo comentado dessas obras. Tal trabalho justifica-se considerando se tratar de uma compositora do sexo feminino, em plena atividade, defensora e incentivadora do folclore musical brasileiro e de nossas raízes, que ao longo da sua vida assumiu cargos relevantes nesta área e possui larga experiência como professora de música em escolas e universidades de São Paulo. Para cumprir o objetivo, além da edição das obras, foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico para conceituar e apresentar as funções direcionadas à edição de obras musicais e referendar o trabalho das mulheres nas diversas subáreas da música. Também foram efetuadas algumas entrevistas e colhidos depoimentos orais da compositora para serem incluídos no catálogo comentado das obras, além da coleta de documentos que descrevem parte da sua trajetória musical (fotos, programas de concerto, premiações, entre outros), reunidos como anexo a este trabalho. As partituras foram editadas através do software FINALE 2012 e registradas na Fundação Biblioteca Nacional (Biblioteca Nacional do Brasil). O trabalho consiste em um capítulo com um sucinto relato do trabalho musical realizado pelas mulheres brasileiras, outro descrevendo parte da trajetória da compositora e um terceiro voltado à edição de partituras. Segue-se a eles o catálogo comentado contendo, além das partituras organizadas segundo critério de instrumentação, um resumo que descreve parte deste arquivo de forma sistemática e cuja função é orientar a consulta e determinar quais são os documentos pertencentes a este instrumento de pesquisa. / The main objective of this dissertation was to edit 31 still unpublished works of the composer Adelaide Pereira da Silva, and to produce a commented catalog of these works. This work is relevant because she is a female composer in full activity, a defender and promoter of Brazilian musical folklore and its roots and who, throughout her life, has taken important positions in this area, with wide experience as a music teacher in schools and universities in São Paulo. To accomplish such objective, besides the editing of the sheet music, a bibliographical research was performed in order to conceptualize and present the functions related to the edition of musical works and to document women's work in the several subareas of music. Some interviews and oral testimonies by the composer are to be included in the commented catalog of the works, as well as the collected documents that describe part of her musical trajectory (photos, concert programs, awards, among others), which appear as annexes to this work. Sheet music was edited through FINALE 2012 software and registered at National Library Foundation (National Library of Brazil). The paper includes a chapter presenting a concise history of the musical work of Brazilian women composers, followed by a chapter partially describing the trajectory of Adelaide Pereira da Silva, and a third one, dedicated to the edition of sheet music. The commented catalog contains the sheet music, organized according to the criteria of instrumentation; a summary, intended to describe part of this file in a systematic way and whose function is to guide the consultation and determine which are the documents belonging to this research instrument.

Depuis les années 1970 et l’époque du disco, Montréal jouit d’une réputation de ville de fête où la dance music1 occupe une place importante de la vie culturelle nocturne. Autour de ce phénomène musical se sont développées des scènes qui s’inscrivent plus globalement dans une culture locale et transnationale. Les recherches sociomusicologiques portant sur la réception des musiques électroniques populaires underground, notamment la techno qui connait une popularité grandissante, sont peu nombreuses lorsqu’on sort du cadre des festivals, des free et des rave parties et qu’on s’intéresse aux pratiques urbaines « ordinaires ». Ce mémoire de maitrise s’intéresse à la scène techno montréalaise et à ses publics. Les enquêtes sur les pratiques culturelles ont tendance à dépeindre les publics comme homogènes, idée que vient nuancer ce travail. En considérant la techno comme une scène plutôt que comme une sous-culture, notre réflexion permet de rendre compte de la diversité des pratiques et des dynamiques qui existent entre les différents acteurs et objets qui constituent cet espace en mouvement constant. Afin d’en apprendre plus sur la façon dont la techno évolue à Montréal, nous fréquentons la scène depuis 2014 et avons entamé une période d’observation participante avant la pandémie. Nous avons diffusé un questionnaire sur Internet (n= 336). Au terme de quinze entretiens semi-dirigés réalisés à l’automne 2020, au cours desquels nous avons utilisé le procédé de photo-élicitation, nous avons approché les représentations sociales d’amateur-trices de techno sur la scène par l’image. Nous avons fait le même exercice avec la musique pour saisir le sens que les auditeur-trices lui donnent. Cette première percée au coeur de la scène techno montréalaise nous a permis d’interroger la définition de la techno, de cartographier ses lieux de diffusion, de découvrir les publics montréalais et leurs pratiques. Nos résultats nous amènent à penser qu’il n’existe pas une seule scène techno mais plusieurs. / Since the 1970s and disco, Montreal has enjoyed a reputation as a party city where dance music has been an important part of the cultural nightlife. Around this musical phenomenon, scenes have developed, being a part of a more global local and transnational culture. Socio-musicological research on the reception of popular underground electronic music - particularly techno, which is enjoying increasing popularity - is scarce when one leaves the framework of festivals, free parties and rave parties and looks at "ordinary" urban practices. This thesis focuses on the Montreal techno scene and its audiences. Surveys on cultural practices tend to portray audiences as homogeneous, but this work allows us to nuance this idea. By considering techno as a scene rather than a subculture, it allows us to account for the diversity of practices and the dynamics that exist between the different actors and objects that make up this constantly moving space. In order to learn more about how techno takes root in Montreal, we have been frequenting the scene since 2014 and began a period of participant observation prior to the pandemic. We distributed a questionnaire on the Internet (n= 336). At the end of fifteen semi-structured interviews conducted this fall, during which we used the photo-elicitation process, we approached the social representations of techno fans on the scene through images. We have done the same exercise with the music to grasp the meaning that the listeners give to it.This breakthrough in the Montreal techno scene allowed us to question the definition of techno, to map its places of diffusion, to discover the Montreal public and their practices. Our results lead us to believe that there is not one techno scene but many.

La musique occupe une place importante dans les pratiques culturelles des Tchadiens et plus particulièrement des habitants de N’Djamena. Elle s’exprime sous des formes variées : festivals, concerts, caravanes de musiciens à travers les grandes artères de la ville et s’inscrit dans des lieux divers : bars, centres culturels, points de vente, espaces publics. Elle est aussi médiatisée par de nombreuses émissions de radio et de télévision. Notre recherche vise à comprendre les modalités et les implications de cette inscription de la musique dans une ville africaine dont l’image a toujours été liée aux affrontements armés dont elle a été le théâtre. Construite principalement à partir des données ethnographiques, cette thèse a donc pour objet de rendre compte de la dynamique de formation d’une scène musicale à N’Djaména. Elle analyse les logiques d’intervention des acteurs publics et privés, ainsi que la portée de leurs actions respectives dans le développement du monde de la musique. En outre, l’étude des différentes formes d’inscription sociale de la musique, notamment les évènements scéniques a permis d’interroger la notion de recomposition de la ville par les activités musicales en termes d’infrastructures mais aussi en termes de pratiques des lieux urbains par le public. L’un des axes majeurs de cette thèse concerne les formes de sociabilité et les phénomènes d’appartenance liés au mode de vie urbain et observés au sein des clubs d’amateurs de musique. Enfin, l’analyse des pratiques musicales et des attachements du public à la musique a permis de mettre en lumière à la fois l’importance de la musique comme vecteur de la cohésion nationale et la constitution de critères de hiérarchisation collectivement partagés qui attestent de l’existence d’une forme spécifique de « légitimité culturelle ». / Music is one of the major components of cultural practices in Chad, especially for the inhabitants of N’Djamena. It assumes a variety of forms : festivals, concerts, musical parades across the main streets of the city, and takes place in a variety of venues: bars, cultural centres, retail outlets, squares and public spaces. It also receives media coverage through many radio and TV programmes.The present research aims to understand the modalities and implications of the impact music leaves on an African town whose image has always been associated with armed conflict.The intention of this thesis, largely based on ethnographical data, is to give an account of the dynamics at work in the emergent musical scene in N’Djamena. It proposes a twofold analysis: Firstly, of the logic behind public and private intervention and secondly, of the scope of their respective actions in the evolution of the field of music.Our examination of the different ways music leaves its mark on society, particularly through live performances, has also led us to question the idea that the town is being restructured by music, not only in terms of specific venues but also in terms of how the general public uses urban places.One of the main axes of the present thesis concerns the emergence of new forms of sociability and new social groups originating in the urban lifestyle, as they can be observed in the music lovers clubs.Lastly, our analysis of the public’s various musical practices and forms of attachment to music has highlighted the importance of the latter as a vector of national cohesion; it has also revealed how shared criteria of hierarchisation have emerged, thus testifying to the construction of a specific form of cultural legitimacy.