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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers in the house sparrow (Passer domesticus L.)

Neumann, Karsten January 1996 (has links)
No description available.
2

The evolution of RNA and the actin protein family

Keller, Thomas E. 20 August 2015 (has links)
In my dissertation I have broadly studied the evolution of RNA as well as the phylogenetic history of the actin protein family. In the first chapter I examined how various evolutionary processes interact at high mutation rates, which led to simple prediction based on the strength of selection. In the second chapter, I tested mRNA secondary structure stability at the beginning of genes as a way of identifying whether putative genes might be functional or not. Finally, I reconstructed the phylogenetic history of the actin protein family in vertebrates, revealing that a novel isoform is actively evolving in contrast to the remaining protein isoforms.
3

Mutation rates in mycobacterial hosts with altered Dna metabolic activity

Barichievy, Samantha 08 February 2006 (has links)
Master of Science - Molecular Medicine and Haematology / The completion of the genome sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv revealed that 10% of the coding capacity is devoted to two, large multigene families that are characterised by repeat sequences. These are the PE and PPE families that code for acidic, glycine rich proteins. A subgroup of the PE family is the polymorphic GC rich sequence (PGRS) gene subfamily. Genome comparisons of clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis have confirmed the polymorphic character of some of these genes suggesting they may be analogous to the contingency loci found in other pathogenic bacteria. Certain PE-PGRS proteins play a direct role in virulence in M. marinum, other PE-PGRS genes are cell surface associated, and some PE-PGRS proteins are variable surface antigens, supporting a potential role in host pathogen interactions. A reporter assay designed to investigate mutations in a PE-PGRS repeat-containing sequence was used to assess mutation rates in various M. smegmatis host strains by fluctuation analysis. A wide spectrum of mutations was observed and the evidence suggests that slipped-strand mispairing between proximal and distal PGRS sequences located in cis is the predominant type of mutational event at such loci. Moreover, slipped-strand mispairing at such loci occurs at a moderately higher rate than base substitution mutagenesis and is mediated by the normal replicative polymerase.
4

Predicting RNA Mutation Using 3D Structure

Dinda, Stephen B. 14 November 2011 (has links)
No description available.
5

Estimativa das frequências alélicas dos15 marcadores autossômicos STR CODIS da população goianiense do Brasil Central

Ferreira, Lindomar Valentim 13 May 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:38:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lindomar Valentin Ferreira.pdf: 1215853 bytes, checksum: 2cb0836a827c452d5ca06c97f0d59f35 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-13 / The population genetics aims to study the allelic and genotypic frequencies in populations and the mechanisms that these frequencies change over generations. This study aims to estimate and compare the allele frequencies of 15 autosomal STR markers, sheets of 501 tests the genetic link in 986 individuals in the population of Goiânia-Goiás. The markers that showed higher numbers of alleles were D18S51 and Penta E with 20 to 19. The marker that had allele frequency was higher for the TPOX 8 allele. Other statistical parameters analyzed demonstrated high PIC, PD and PE for the marker Penta E. Analysis of allele frequencies obtained in this study were statistically compared with populations of five regions of Brazil, by Student's t test, not intra-population differences were observed (p> 0.05). In this context, the genetic database based on the values of the allele frequencies of the population of Goiânia, can be used in testing the genetic link, as well as in studies of human identification, due to the similarities observed in other Brazilian populations. / A genética de populações visa o estudo das frequências alélicas e genotípicas em populações e os mecanismos capazes de mudar estas frequências ao longo das gerações. Essa pesquisa tem como objetivo estimar e comparar as frequências alélicas de 15 marcadores autossômicos STR, de 501 planilhas de exames de vínculo genético em 986 indivíduos da população de Goiânia-Goiás. Os marcadores que apresentaram maiores números de alelos foram o D18S51 com 20 e o Penta E com 19. O marcador que teve maior frequência alélica foi o TPOX para o alelo 8. Outros parâmetros estatísticos analisados caracterizaram elevados PIC, PD e PE para o marcador Penta E. As análises das frequências alélicas obtidas neste estudo foram comparadas estatisticamente com populações de cinco regiões brasileiras, pelo teste t Student, e não foram verificadas diferenças intra populacionais significativas (p>0,05). Neste contexto, o banco de dados genéticos baseado nos valores das frequências alélicas da população de Goiânia, pode ser utilizado em testes de vínculo genético, assim como em estudos de identificação humana, devido às semelhanças verificadas com outras populações brasileiras.
6

ESTUDO GENÉTICO RETROSPECTIVO DE MUTAÇÕES GERMINATIVAS EM LOCI STR DE INDIVÍDUOS POTENCIALMENTE EXPOSTOS À RADIAÇÃO IONIZANTE

Costa, Emília Oliveira Alves 12 January 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:38:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Emilia Oliveira Alves Costa.pdf: 2624347 bytes, checksum: 633de56159a2dded5fb51871dbe9fd21 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-01-12 / The Brazilian radiological accident that occurred in 1987, in Goiânia, it was a terrible radiation episode. As a consequence, hundreds of people were contaminated due to the Cesium-137 radiation. Recently, many studies had shown that genome instabilities, such as, mutations, chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei formation and microsatellite instability and a delay on cellular death are usually reported on mammal cells exposed to ionizing radiation, being considered as a manly risk to humans. Mutations can be spontaneous, and the occurrence is dependent on the organism, or, induced, being associated to mutagenic exposition. Ionizing radiations are an example of physical and mutagenic agents that could harm the cell repair and could cause the development of many types of cancer. The evaluation of the biological effects of the ionizing radiation, in somatic and germline cells, with a consequent determination of the radio-induced mutations, it is extremely important to estimate the genetic risks, manly in population exposed to radiation. The analyses of repetitive DNA sequences have been demonstrated that such sequences are prone to high rates of spontaneous mutations. The minisatellites and microsatellites have been used to demonstrate the induction of germline mutation rates on mouse, humans, among others organisms. The aim of the present study was to analyze the frequency of microsatellite alterations to determine the mutation rates occurred in germ cells of the parents exposed to the ionizing radiation of the Cesium-137. The studied group was constitute of 10 families of individuals accidentally exposed to Cesium-137 and by the control group constituted by 645 healthy individuals who carried out paternity tests on 2009. We found only one mutation of paternal origin in the D8S1179 locus on the exposed group, being the mutation rate of 0.003. In the control group, we found 01 mutation on D16S539 loci and on D3S1358; 02 mutations on Penta E locus; 04 mutations on D21S11 locus and 03 mutations on FGA locus, comprising a total of 11 mutations and a mutation rate of 0.0009. In such context, we did not find significant differences (p= 0.15), indicating a possible exposure effect on the mutation rates of the STR loci, in the group accidentally exposed to Cesium-137. / O acidente radiológico de Goiânia em 1987 foi um grave episódio de contaminação por radioatividade ocorrido no Brasil. Como conseqüência foram contaminadas centenas de pessoas através das radiações emitidas pelo césio 137. Recentemente, vários estudos têm mostrado que instabilidade no genoma, como por exemplo, mutações, aberrações cromossômicas, formação de micronúcleos, instabilidade de microssatélites e atraso na morte celular são comumente relatadas em células de mamíferos expostos à radiação ionizante, sendo consideradas como o principal fator de risco em humanos para o câncer. As mutações podem ser espontâneas, sendo a freqüência de ocorrência dependente do organismo, ou ainda, induzida, podendo ser ocasionadas pela exposição a agentes mutagênicos. As radiações ionizantes são exemplos de agentes físicos e mutagênicos que podem levar ao comprometimento dos mecanismos de reparo celular e ao desenvolvimento de diversos tipos de câncer. Avaliar os efeitos biológicos da radiação ionizante, em células somáticas e germinativas, com conseqüente determinação da taxa de mutações radioinduzidas, é extremamente importante para a estimativa de riscos genéticos, principalmente em populações expostas à radiação. Análises de seqüências repetitivas de DNA têm demonstrado que estas seqüências são sujeitas a altas taxas de mutações espontâneas. As seqüências minissatélites e microssatélites têm sido usadas para demonstrar satisfatoriamente a indução de mutação germinativa em camundongos, humanos, dentre outros organismos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a freqüência de alterações em microssatélites para determimar a taxa de mutações ocorridas em células de linhagem germinativa dos progenitores expostos à radiação ionizante do Césio-137. O grupo exposto foi constituído por 10 famílias do grupo 2 e o grupo controle por 645 indivíduos provenientes de exames de vínculo genético realizados em 2010. Foi encontrada um mutação de origem paterna no locus D8S1179 com uma taxa de mutação de 0,003. No grupo controle, foram encontradas 01 mutação no loci D16S539 e no loci D3S1358; 02 mutações no locus Penta E; 04 mutações no locus D21S11 e 03 mutações no locus FGA, compreendendo um total de 11 mutações e uma taxa de mutação de 0,0009. Nesse contexto, não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p= 0,15) indicando o efeito da exposição e taxa de mutação em locos STR no grupo acidentalmente exposto ao Césio-137.

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