The aim of this thesis is to compare two Lithuanian translations of A Clockwork Orange in respect of its main stylistic component the Russian “Nadsat”, to examine the intercultural translation problems arising in this translation and strategies invoked by the translators, and make decisions about the quality of the target texts. To reach this aim, descriptive and comparative methods as well as quantitative analysis are applied. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the cultural aspect in translation and translators’ role in dealing with intercultural translation problems. Further, it discusses macro and micro approach to translation, i.e. various strategies for solving intercultural translation problems, giving most attention to borrowings and slang and the difficulties they pose in translation. Moreover, softening and compensation are also presented as the most effective strategies for solving such problems. The analysis begins with the discussion of macro and micro level of problems arising in the “Nadsat” translation. Then, the strategies used by the translators are examined on the grounds of the foreignization and domestication strategies (Venuti), seven micro strategies suggested by Davies, and softening and compensation. The analysis also includes a comparison of quantity and density of borrowings and slang in the ST, TT1 and TT2 as well as of softening and compensation. Moreover, the appendices (A, B and C) include glossaries of borrowings and slang from all... [to full text] / Šio darbo tikslas — palyginti du Prisukamo Apelsino vertimus į lietuvių kalbą, ypatingą dėmesį skiriant pagrindiniam stilistiniam šio romano komponentui — „Nadsat” kalbos rusiškiems žodžiams, išanalizuoti su skirtingomis kultūromis susijusias problemas, kylančias šiame vertime, vertėjų naudojamas strategijas bei padaryti išvadas apie vertimų kokybę. Tikslui pasiekti pasitelkiami aprašomasis ir lyginamasis metodai bei kiekybinė analizė. Teorinėje darbo dalyje apibūdinamas kultūrinis vertimo aspektas ir vertėjo vaidmuo sprendžiant tarpkultūrines vertimo problemas. Aprašomi makro ir mikro vertimo aspektai, t. y. įvairios strategijos, naudojamos tarpkultūrinėms vertimo problemoms spręsti. Didžiausias dėmesys skiriamas skoliniams ir slengui bei jų keliamoms vertimo problemoms. Kaip vieni naudingiausių metodų sprendžiant minėtąsias problemas pristatomi sušvelninimas ir kompensacija. Analitinėje dalyje pirmiausia analizuojamos makro ir mikro problemos, su kuriomis susiduriama „Nadsat” vertime. Toliau nagrinėjamos vertėjų naudojamos strategijos remiantis „foreignization” ir „domestication” strategijomis (Venuti), septyniomis Davies siūlomomis mikro strategijomis, sušvelninimu ir kompensacija. Taip pat lyginami skolinių ir slengo, sušvelninimo ir kompensacijos strategijų kiekiai bei vartojimo dažnumas originale ir abiejuose vertimuose. Prieduose (A, B, C) pateikiami skolinių ir slengo, išrinktų iš visų trijų tekstų, žodynai su tiesioginėmis ir specifinėmis slengo reikšmėmis. D... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

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The paper explores intratextual multilingualism in A Clockwork Orange (ACO) by Anthony Burgess, and in two of its translations - into Czech and German. It analyses 180 words from Nadsat - the invented language in ACO - to reveal how lexical creativity is manifested in translation, i.e. whether and how lexical creativity that is present in the original text is changed in the translations. Changes in lexical creativity are linked to normalisation (a translation universal), and to the functions of the invented language. An existing classification of forms and functions of intratextual multilingualism is applied to invented languages and, in particular, to Nadsat. The analysis of Nadsat and its counterparts in the translations is quantitative, and is conducted using the concordancers AntConc and ParaConc. It examines the frequency of Nadsat words, their distribution throughout the text, and the way their meaning is conveyed to the reader. These data are then used in the comparison of Nadsat and the invented languages that replace it in the Czech and the German translations. The analysis shows that in both translations the number of invented lemmas is lower than in the original, and that in the German translation (UO) the number is significantly lower compared to the Czech translation (MP). In total, MP...

This essay aims at analysing and understanding different choices made by Caj Lundgren when he translated Anthony Burgess’s novel A Clockwork Orange (1962), more specifically when he translated the fictive language called Nadsat, which is one of the features that made this novel famous. The method used to analyse Lundgren’s translation is based on Reiß and Veermer’s (1984/2014) concept of skopos and functional equivalence. Conclusions drawn are that Lundgren uses a compensatory translation strategy, and that a model can be created for identification of Russian words in the original text’s Nadsat and the transfer of these words to the target text as Swedish Nadsat. In a comparison between Lundgren and two Russian translators’ strategies, their strategies are shown to differ, which could be caused by different translation problems dependent on the target languages. / Denna uppsats mål är att analysera olika val som Caj Lundgren gjorde i sin översättning av Anthony Burgess roman A Clockwork Orange (1962), specifikt avseende originalets fiktiva språk, som Burgess döpte till nadsat. Metoden som använts för analysen baseras på Reiß och Veermers (1984/2014) term skopos och funktionell ekvivalens. Slutsatser som dras är dels att Lundgren använder sig av en kompensatorisk strategi vid översättning, dels att ett schema kan uppställas för identifiering av ryska ord i originalets nadsat och deras överföring till måltexten som svensk nadsat. I en jämförelse mellan Lundgrens och två ryska översättares strategier visas att deras strategier skiljer sig åt, vilket kan bero på översättningsproblematik avhängig målspråken.

The aim of this thesis is to compare two distinct principles of making new linguistic style and their role in fictional society. The thesis will present both novels (Burgess' A Clockwork Orange and Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four) and then it will focus on function and principles of making neologisms used in these novels. In the end the thesis will focus on summarization of both principles and it will analyze the language role in both novels.