We have inquired into how the amount of foreign news has changed over the last 30 years in two major Swedish newspapers, which subjects and regions has dominated the content of the foreign news and what subjects dominate the reporting from certain regions. This was done with a quantitative analysis of subjects and regions written about in 1100 news texts during a week in each year of 1978, 1988, 1998 and 2008. To further broaden our study, we also charted with the analysis how the newspapers domesticate foreign news and how they use international news agencies. As a basis for our discussion we use Van Ginnekens theories of world news centres, Westerståhl & Johanssons and Galtung & Ruges theories of foreign news selection as well as the theories of Hjarvard and Biltereyst about the domestication of foreign news due to commercial pressures and objectives on the newspapers. Our result of the amount of foreign news in the two newspapers is also compared to several similar empirical studies by different researchers. The study shows that the amount of foreign news is dropping in swedish media, although not as fast-paced as many researchers claim they do in other countries. In Dagens Nyheter there is just marginal difference while the decreasing amount of news can be seen more clearly in Aftonbladet. The amount of news texts is not reducing, more the size of them shrinks. The study also shows that news about Europe and the USA dominates the foreign news in the newspapers and averagely less than a half of the foreign news is left for the rest of the world. Africa, the Middle East and places that are more culturally and geographically distant are more often presented with tragic, hard news, often about war and conflict. While the happy and soft news is more likely to be about the western culturally similar regions. The purpose of our study was to find out which subjects and places in the world are most written about in the newspapers and with what subjects the papers present certain places in the world. The study can be used as necessary data for further study into why the amount of foreign news is shrinking and why certain places and subjects occur more often in the newspapers.

Zugl.: Erlangen, Nürnberg, Univ., Habil.-Schr.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:31:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Cleidejane pg 1_130.pdf: 3044484 bytes, checksum: c82b718f191c9fb096f7f9e1bae25f77 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-09 / This thesis focuses on the history of the news agencies‟ audiovisual divisions that act on an international scale (Reuters Television and Associated Press Television News), delimitating their operational characteristics within the informational flow, particularly the television news channels. It demonstrates, through the examination of case studies by Reuters TV and APTN, how the global news ecosystem functions, geared towards the broadcasting stations. This thesis carefully examines how this ecosystem behaves faced with the impact of the development of new media deriving from the web. It shows how the development of network digital technology led to editorial and logistical changes in the productive routine within the agencies, seen in this study as globalization‟s important social actors. Upon charting the agencies‟ commercial and structural dynamics, the hypothesis upheld here is that the vast majority of the news transmitted by these companies is determined by the political and economic interests of their biggest clients, which leads us to ratify, even today, 30 years after UNESCO‟s McBride Report was published, that there is still a great asymmetry in the international news in which countries, regions and subject matters are neglected and excluded. By looking upon the content of both agencies‟ output, the author concludes that western-led news agencies now appear to report an expressive number of stories dedicated to Asia. This thesis also claims that the bulk of their content is fed with news related to The United States and Western Europe. It shows that during dramatic and catastrophic media events, Reuters TV and APTN reassure their symbolic role by selling the idea of their news: unbiased, with accountability, diversity of themes and social actors. In these same events, news agencies also reinforce their role by organizing and packing the news. They also feed the global news system with constancy, speed and security. / Esta tese resgata a história das agências de notícias que atuam em escala internacional (Reuters Television e Associated Press Television News), delimitando suas características operacionais dentro do fluxo informacional do telejornalismo mundial. Por meio dos estudos de caso da Reuters TV e da APTN, a tese mostra o funcionamento do ecossistema noticioso global, voltado para as emissoras de televisão, explorando o entendimento de como ele se comporta a partir da irrupção das novas mídias advindas com a internet. Aponta como o desenvolvimento das tecnologias digitais em rede provocou mudanças editoriais e logísticas na rotina produtiva das agências, vistas neste trabalho como importantes atores sociais da globalização. Ao mapear a dinâmica comercial e estrutural das agências, é sustentada a hipótese de que as reportagens transmitidas por essas empresas são, em sua maioria, determinadas pelos interesses políticos e econômicos de seus maiores clientes. Isso nos leva a ratificar que, ainda hoje, após 30 anos da publicação do Relatório McBride, da UNESCO, há uma assimetria no noticiário internacional, no qual alguns países, regiões e assuntos são negligenciados e excluídos. A tese revela, entre outros pontos, que as agências agora difundem um número expressivo de vídeos relacionados à Ásia e que a maior parte de suas reportagens tem imbricações com os Estados Unidos e/ou a Europa. Durante a cobertura midiática de eventos de grande impacto, as agências renovam seu capital simbólico vendendo a ideia de isenção, credibilidade e multiplicidade de vozes. Reforçam também papéis específicos: a organização do noticiário, a viabilização das imagens e a alimentação contínua, segura e veloz do fluxo informativo.

Le multilinguisme est omniprésent dans les agences de presse et pourtant, les opérations de traduction(ou de transfert interlinguistique et interculturel, TII) sont rendues textuellement invisibles. Cette thèse de doctorat vise donc trois objectifs principaux. Premièrement, il s'agit de comprendre le processus de production multilingue d'information par les agences de presse, et notamment par l'Agence France-Presse et l'Agence télégraphique suisse. Cette étape est abordée par le biais de méthodes ethnographiques(observation directe du travail des journalistes et entretiens semi-dirigés). Il en ressort que les agenciers entretiennent une conception littéraliste de la traduction qui a pour conséquence des stratégies de désélection et de redite. Deuxièmement, cette thèse combine cette enquête ethnographique avec une analyse de corpus pour découvrir quelles formes de TII sont pratiquées dans les agences précitées.D'après les observations faites, il est nécessaire d'élargir la définition de la traduction afin de pouvoir englober les opérations de transfert ayant lieu au niveau du segment et des realia. Troisièmement, une analyse du corpus aux niveaux macro- et microtextuels vise à cerner les différents problèmes publics constitués en fonction des lectorats projetés. Du fait de la pratique de la redite, notamment, plus le problème public est culturellement éloigné, plus il a tendance à être inscrit dans un champ problématique supposé partagé par le public visé. Les conceptions de la traduction et les pratiques du TII méritent donc d'être prises en considération dans les études portant sur la constitution de problèmes publics transnationaux. / Despite the fact that multilingualism is ubiquitous in news agencies, the operations of translation (or ofinterlingual and intercultural transfer, IIT) are made textually invisible to the final audience. This thesispursues three main objectives. Firstly, it aims at understanding how multilingual information is producedin two news agencies: a global agency, Agence France-Presse, and a national agency, Agence télégraphiquesuisse. This goal is met through the application of ethnographic methods (direct observation of the workof journalists and semi-structured interviews), which show that journalists have a literal conception oftranslation. This conception in turn results in strategies of deselection and rewriting. Secondly, this thesiscombines the ethnographic approach with a corpus analysis in order to discover which types of IIT arepractised in the above-mentioned press agencies. The resulting observations show the need to broadenthe definition of translation so as to include transfer of textual segments and realia. Thirdly, a macro- andmicro-textual corpus analysis explores the different public problems constituted according to theprojected readerships. The practice of rewriting has one particular consequence on the shaping of a publicproblem: the greater the cultural gap between the target readership and the problem, the greater thelikelihood of the problem being presented in a frame of reference that is familiar to the readership. It canthus be said that professional conceptions of translation and practices of IIT deserve more considerationin further studies about the constitution of transnational public problems.

The aim of the thesis The news of Czech News Agency from Latin America is to document the form of the Czech News Agency's text news from Latin America, to reveal whether the agency fulfills its obligation to inform about events abroad according to Act No. 517/92 Coll., and also to expand the very limited number of studies related to this topic. This work deals with news agencies and takes into consideration the CTK as a public institution and outlines the characteristics of Latin America and its relations with our country. Using quantitative content analysis, I find out how much space CTK spends on the countries of the North, Central and South America, which countries are re-informing and which countries virtually ignore in its news. I examine what priority messages are usually assigned and which areas of public life are concerned. Last but not least, I compare the monitored reality from the first half of 2016 to the first half of 2006 to reveal how much informing about Latin America has changed over the course of a decade. At thesis I provide a detailed analysis of Czech News Agency's production from Latin American countries, which no one has ever dealt with in the Czech environment so far, and present the results of my analysis in the tables and charts.

What effect do global news agencies have on foreign sections of Czech daily newspapers; that's the focus of this master thesis. The theoretical part of the thesis introduces two before-mentioned concepts of intermedia agenda-setting and globalization of news. Other theoretical concepts like gatekeeping, news values or media routine are also briefly presented. So are profiles of selected media outlets are also presented. Next part of the thesis introduces the reader to methodology upon which the research is based. The research itself is divided into two parts. The first one is a quantitative content analysis of ČTK's foreign news agenda during the specified period. The same analysis was also carried out for selected Czech daily newspapers. The research focused on several variables - what media sources are being used, what topics do the articles cover or who are the actors mentioned in the articles. The second part of the research focused on whether and on what scale do daily papers use texts provided by ČTK and if they're being used without adjustments. Main findings of the research with commentary are presented in the conclusion section of this thesis.

The study used quantitative content analysis to compare the international news content about Africa and the rest of the world in selected daily and weekly newspapers in Malawi and explored the extent to which economic factors, as represented by the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), influence news flows about Africa into Malawi. The results showed dominance of the categories of war/international conflict and politics. International news agencies were the principal sources of news items for all the four papers. Though there were differences among the newspapers in the amount of space allocated to various categories such differences were minor. The study established that GDP is not a determinant of the amount of coverage a country receives. / Communication Science / M.A. (International Communication)

Theme of this diploma work are news related to selected socialist and communist countries in the Czech press. Characteristic works are the specifics of media countries with the socialist (or communist) government in the Czech press. Theoretical work is beyond theory Frankfurt and Birmingham schools. The basis of the analysis work will stereotypes concerning the socialist and communist countries, the Czech news media contents. The findings will then be the basis for in-depth interviews with the news media workers and the staff representative bodies of the countries. The goal is to reveal the motives and the construction of stereotypes at the production of media content.

The study used quantitative content analysis to compare the international news content about Africa and the rest of the world in selected daily and weekly newspapers in Malawi and explored the extent to which economic factors, as represented by the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), influence news flows about Africa into Malawi. The results showed dominance of the categories of war/international conflict and politics. International news agencies were the principal sources of news items for all the four papers. Though there were differences among the newspapers in the amount of space allocated to various categories such differences were minor. The study established that GDP is not a determinant of the amount of coverage a country receives. / Communication Science / M.A. (International Communication)

Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-19T11:49:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandoewerton2013.pdf: 3792977 bytes, checksum: a33cf39614d549ab77426deef3c9a404 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Relevance; Classification; Journalism; Politics; New agency; Knowledge organization / O objetivo desta tese é identificar critérios de relevância aplicados por agências de notícia transnacionais na representação de candidatos a presidente do Brasil e traçar paralelos com critérios adotados por usuários de sistemas de informação ao inferir relevância em processos de busca. Partimos da premissa teórica de que relevância é mensurável e adotamos o princípio metodológico de que uma maior freqüência lexical encontra-se hipoteticamente associada a um maior peso relativo e relevância conceituais dentro de um conjunto de termos , aplicando-o na análise de conteúdo de 305 textos de quatro agências de notícia transnacionais a francesa France Presse (AFP), a americana Associated Press (AP), a espanhola EFE e a britânica/canadense Reuters em duas eleições presidenciais brasileiras. Neste corpus, coletado via telex, em 1989, e na internet, em 2010, identificamos os tipos de termo usados pelas quatro agências em função adjetiva antes, depois e em substituição ao nome dos quatro principais candidatos em cada eleição, mapeamos os esquemas de classificação política de cada uma e comparamos os critérios de relevância aplicados nos dois momentos, em busca de regularidades e discrepâncias que corroborassem, ou não, a hipótese de que agências de notícia transnacionais recorrem a esquemas de classificação próprios baseados numa tipologia comum de termos, cuja frequência no corpus revela os critérios de relevância de cada uma. Com base nos resultados, concluímos que os critérios de relevância das agências pesquisadas são semelhantes em diversos aspectos aos critérios adotados por usuários de sistemas de informação ao inferirem relevância em processos de busca