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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Blätterungen von Nilmannigfaltigkeiten

Peters, Christoph. January 2003 (has links) (PDF)
Düsseldorf, Universiẗat, Diss., 2003.
2

Algebraic discrete Morse theory and applications to commutative algebra (Algebraische diskrete Morse-Theorie und Anwendungen in der kommutativen Algebra) /

Jöllenbeck, Michael. January 2005 (has links) (PDF)
Marburg, University, Diss., 2005.
3

Propriedades de Lie de elementos simétricos sob involuções orientadas em álgebras de grupo / Lie properties of symmetric elements under oriented involutions in group algebras

Castillo Gomez, John Hermes 29 November 2012 (has links)
Sejam $F$ um corpo de característica diferente de $2$ e $G$ um grupo. A partir da involução clássica, que envia cada elemento em seu inverso, e uma orientação do grupo $G$ é possível definir uma involução clássica orientada na álgebra de grupo $FG$. O objetivo desta tese é estudar propriedades de Lie do conjunto dos elementos simétricos $(FG)^+$ e, em alguns casos, do conjunto dos elementos anti-simétricos $(FG)^-$. Primeiro, abordamos o caso quando $G$ não tem elementos de ordem $2$. Aqui, mostramos que se $(FG)^+$ (ou $(FG)^-$) é Lie nilpotente ou Lie $n$-Engel, então $FG$ também é Lie nilpotente ou Lie $m$-Engel, respectivamente. Depois, consideramos o caso quando $G$ contém uma cópia do grupo quatérnio de ordem $8$. Neste caso, caracterizamos completamente as álgebras de grupo tais que $(FG)^+$ é fortemente Lie nilpotente, Lie nilpotente e Lie $n$-Engel. Como consequência, provamos que o conjunto das unidades simétricas deste tipo de grupos é nilpotente. Estudamos também o caso em que quando $G$ não contém uma cópia do grupo quatérnio de ordem $8$. Em particular, apresentamos um exemplo que mostra que os resultados obtidos em pesquisas anteriores, com a involução clássica, não devem ser esperados ao trabalhar com involuções clássicas orientadas. Não entanto, damos alguns casos especiais de grupos nos quais esses resultados são obtidos. Finalmente, estudamos o índice de Lie nilpotência de $(FG)^+$. Estabelecemos uma condição necessária e suficiente, para que o índice de Lie nilpotência de $(FG)^+$ e a classe de nilpotência das unidades simétricas de uma álgebra de grupo Lie nilpotente sejam o maior possível. Além disso, consideramos a situação em que o grupo $G$ contém uma cópia de $Q_8$. / Let $F$ be a field of characteristic different from $2$ and $G$ a group. From the classical involution, which sends each element in its inverse and an orientation of $G$, it is possible to define an oriented classical involution on the group algebra $FG$. The goal of this thesis is to study Lie properties of the set of symmetric elements $(FG)^+$ and, in some cases, of the set of skew-symmetric elements $(FG)^-$. We first deal with the case when $G$ does not have elements of order $2$. In this situation, we show that if $(FG)^+$ (or $(FG)^-$) is Lie nilpotent or Lie $n$-Engel, then the whole group algebra $FG$ satisfies the same property. Later we consider the case when $G$ contains a copy of the quaternion group of order $8$. In this instance, we give a complete description of the group algebras such that $(FG)^+$ is strongly Lie nilpotent, Lie nilpotent and Lie $n$-Engel. As a consequence, we get that the set of symmetric units of this kind of groups is nilpotent. Furthermore, we study the case when $G$ does not contain a copy of the quaternion group of order $8$. Here, we present an example that shows that the previews results obtained in former works, with the classical involution, may not hold with an oriented classical involution. However, we give some kinds of groups for which those results are achieved. Finally, we study the Lie nilpotency index of $(FG)^+$. It is given a necessary and sufficient condition to the Lie nilpotency index of $(FG)^+$ and the nilpotency class of the symmetric units to be maximal, in a Lie nilpotent group algebra. In addition, we consider the situation when $G$ contains a copy of the quaternion group of order $8$.
4

Propriedades de Lie de elementos simétricos sob involuções orientadas em álgebras de grupo / Lie properties of symmetric elements under oriented involutions in group algebras

John Hermes Castillo Gomez 29 November 2012 (has links)
Sejam $F$ um corpo de característica diferente de $2$ e $G$ um grupo. A partir da involução clássica, que envia cada elemento em seu inverso, e uma orientação do grupo $G$ é possível definir uma involução clássica orientada na álgebra de grupo $FG$. O objetivo desta tese é estudar propriedades de Lie do conjunto dos elementos simétricos $(FG)^+$ e, em alguns casos, do conjunto dos elementos anti-simétricos $(FG)^-$. Primeiro, abordamos o caso quando $G$ não tem elementos de ordem $2$. Aqui, mostramos que se $(FG)^+$ (ou $(FG)^-$) é Lie nilpotente ou Lie $n$-Engel, então $FG$ também é Lie nilpotente ou Lie $m$-Engel, respectivamente. Depois, consideramos o caso quando $G$ contém uma cópia do grupo quatérnio de ordem $8$. Neste caso, caracterizamos completamente as álgebras de grupo tais que $(FG)^+$ é fortemente Lie nilpotente, Lie nilpotente e Lie $n$-Engel. Como consequência, provamos que o conjunto das unidades simétricas deste tipo de grupos é nilpotente. Estudamos também o caso em que quando $G$ não contém uma cópia do grupo quatérnio de ordem $8$. Em particular, apresentamos um exemplo que mostra que os resultados obtidos em pesquisas anteriores, com a involução clássica, não devem ser esperados ao trabalhar com involuções clássicas orientadas. Não entanto, damos alguns casos especiais de grupos nos quais esses resultados são obtidos. Finalmente, estudamos o índice de Lie nilpotência de $(FG)^+$. Estabelecemos uma condição necessária e suficiente, para que o índice de Lie nilpotência de $(FG)^+$ e a classe de nilpotência das unidades simétricas de uma álgebra de grupo Lie nilpotente sejam o maior possível. Além disso, consideramos a situação em que o grupo $G$ contém uma cópia de $Q_8$. / Let $F$ be a field of characteristic different from $2$ and $G$ a group. From the classical involution, which sends each element in its inverse and an orientation of $G$, it is possible to define an oriented classical involution on the group algebra $FG$. The goal of this thesis is to study Lie properties of the set of symmetric elements $(FG)^+$ and, in some cases, of the set of skew-symmetric elements $(FG)^-$. We first deal with the case when $G$ does not have elements of order $2$. In this situation, we show that if $(FG)^+$ (or $(FG)^-$) is Lie nilpotent or Lie $n$-Engel, then the whole group algebra $FG$ satisfies the same property. Later we consider the case when $G$ contains a copy of the quaternion group of order $8$. In this instance, we give a complete description of the group algebras such that $(FG)^+$ is strongly Lie nilpotent, Lie nilpotent and Lie $n$-Engel. As a consequence, we get that the set of symmetric units of this kind of groups is nilpotent. Furthermore, we study the case when $G$ does not contain a copy of the quaternion group of order $8$. Here, we present an example that shows that the previews results obtained in former works, with the classical involution, may not hold with an oriented classical involution. However, we give some kinds of groups for which those results are achieved. Finally, we study the Lie nilpotency index of $(FG)^+$. It is given a necessary and sufficient condition to the Lie nilpotency index of $(FG)^+$ and the nilpotency class of the symmetric units to be maximal, in a Lie nilpotent group algebra. In addition, we consider the situation when $G$ contains a copy of the quaternion group of order $8$.
5

Schémas de Hilbert invariants et théorie classique des invariants / Invariant Hilbert Schemes and classical invariant theory

Terpereau, Ronan 05 November 2012 (has links)
Pour toute variété affine W munie d'une opération d'un groupe réductif G, le schéma de Hilbert invariant est un espace de modules qui classifie les sous-schémas fermés de W, stables par l'opération de G, et dont l'algèbre affine est somme directe de G-modules simples avec des multiplicités finies préalablement fixées. Dans cette thèse , on étudie d'abord le schéma de Hilbert invariant, noté H, qui paramètre les sous-schémas fermés GL(V)-stables Z de W=n1 V oplus n2 V^* tels que k[Z] est isomorphe à la représentation régulière de GL(V) comme GL(V)-module. Si dim(V)<3,on montre que H est une variété lisse, et donc que le morphisme de Hilbert-Chow gamma: H -> W//G est une résolution des singularités du quotient W//G. En revanche, si dim(V)=3, on montre que H est singulier. Lorsque dim(V)<3, on décrit H par des équations et aussi comme l'espace total d'un fibré vectoriel homogène au dessus d'un produit de deux grassmanniennes. On se place ensuite dans le cadre symplectique en prenant n1=n2 et en remplaçant W par la fibre en 0 de l'application moment mu: W -> End(V). On considère alors le schéma de Hilbert invariant H' qui paramètre les sous-schémas contenus dans mu^{-1}(0). On montre que H' est toujours réductible, mais que sa composante principale Hp' est lisse lorsque dim(V)<3. Dans ce cas, le morphisme de Hilbert-Chow est une résolution (parfois symplectique) des singularités du quotient mu^{-1}(0)//G. Lorsque dim(V)<3, on décrit Hp' comme l'espace total d'un fibré vectoriel homogène au dessus d'une variété de drapeaux. Enfin, on obtient des résultats similaires lorsque l'on remplace GL(V) par un autre groupe classique (SL(V), SO(V), O(V), Sp(V)) que l'on fait opérer d'abord dans W=nV, puis dans la fibre en 0 de l'application moment. / Let W be an affine variety equipped with an action of a reductive group G. The invariant Hilbert scheme is a moduli space which classifies the G-stable closed subschemes of W such that the affine algebra is the direct sum of simple G-modules with previously fixed finite multiplicities. In this thesis, we first study the invariant Hilbert scheme, denoted H. It parametrizes the GL(V)-stable closed subschemes Z of W=n1 V oplus n2 V^* such that k[Z] is isomorphic to the regular representation of GL(V) as GL(V)-module. If dim(V)<3, we show that H is a smooth variety, so that the Hilbert-Chow morphism gamma: H -> W//G is a resolution of singularities of the quotient W//G. However, if dim(V)=3, we show that H is singular. When dim(V)<3, we describe H by equations and also as the total space of a homogeneous vector bundle over the product of two Grassmannians. Then we consider the symplectic setting by letting n1=n2 and replacing W by the zero fiber of the moment map mu: W -> End(V). We study the invariant Hilbert scheme H' which parametrizes the subschemes included in mu^{-1}(0). We show that H' is always reducible, but that its main component Hp' is smooth if dim(V)<3. In this case, the Hilbert-Chow morphism is a resolution of singularities (sometimes a symplectic one) of the quotient mu^{-1}(0)//G. When dim(V)=3, we describe Hp' as the total space of a homogeneous vector bundle over a flag variety. Finally, we get similar results when we replace GL(V) by some other classical group (SL(V), SO(V), O(V), Sp(V)) acting first on W=nV, then on the zero fiber of the moment map.
6

Análise das bifurcações de um sistema de dinâmica de populações / Bifurcation analysis of a system for population dynamics

Silva, Andre Ricardo Belotto da 16 July 2010 (has links)
Nesta dissertação, tratamos do estudo das bifurcações de um modelo bi-dimensional de presa-predador, que estende e aperfeiçoa o sistema de Lotka-Volterra. Tal modelo apresenta cinco parâmetros e uma função resposta não monotônica do tipo Holling IV: $$ \\left\\{\\begin \\dot=x(1-\\lambda x-\\frac{\\alpha x^2+\\beta x +1})\\\\ \\dot=y(-\\delta-\\mu y+\\frac{\\alpha x^2+\\beta x +1}) \\end ight. $$ Estudamos as bifurcações do tipo sela-nó, Hopf, transcrítica, Bogdanov-Takens e Bogdanov-Takens degenerada. O método dos centros organizadores é usado para estudar o comportamento qualitativo do diagrama de bifurcação. / In this work are studied the bifurcations of a bi-dimensional predator-prey model, which extends and improves the Volterra-Lotka system. This model has five parameters and a non-monotonic response function of Holling IV type: $$ \\left\\{\\begin \\dot=x(1-\\lambda x-\\frac{\\alpha x^2+\\beta x +1})\\\\ \\dot=y(-\\delta-\\mu y+\\frac{\\alpha x^2+\\beta x +1}) \\end ight. $$ They studied the sadle-node, Hopf, transcritic, Bogdanov-Takens and degenerate Bogdanov-Takens bifurcations. The method of organising centers is used to study the qualitative behavior of the bifurcation diagram.
7

Análise das bifurcações de um sistema de dinâmica de populações / Bifurcation analysis of a system for population dynamics

Andre Ricardo Belotto da Silva 16 July 2010 (has links)
Nesta dissertação, tratamos do estudo das bifurcações de um modelo bi-dimensional de presa-predador, que estende e aperfeiçoa o sistema de Lotka-Volterra. Tal modelo apresenta cinco parâmetros e uma função resposta não monotônica do tipo Holling IV: $$ \\left\\{\\begin \\dot=x(1-\\lambda x-\\frac{\\alpha x^2+\\beta x +1})\\\\ \\dot=y(-\\delta-\\mu y+\\frac{\\alpha x^2+\\beta x +1}) \\end ight. $$ Estudamos as bifurcações do tipo sela-nó, Hopf, transcrítica, Bogdanov-Takens e Bogdanov-Takens degenerada. O método dos centros organizadores é usado para estudar o comportamento qualitativo do diagrama de bifurcação. / In this work are studied the bifurcations of a bi-dimensional predator-prey model, which extends and improves the Volterra-Lotka system. This model has five parameters and a non-monotonic response function of Holling IV type: $$ \\left\\{\\begin \\dot=x(1-\\lambda x-\\frac{\\alpha x^2+\\beta x +1})\\\\ \\dot=y(-\\delta-\\mu y+\\frac{\\alpha x^2+\\beta x +1}) \\end ight. $$ They studied the sadle-node, Hopf, transcritic, Bogdanov-Takens and degenerate Bogdanov-Takens bifurcations. The method of organising centers is used to study the qualitative behavior of the bifurcation diagram.
8

Entiers friables et formes binaires / Friable integers and binary forms

Lachand, Armand 02 December 2014 (has links)
Un entier est dit y-friable si tous ses facteurs premiers n'excèdent pas y. Les valeurs friables de formes binaires interviennent de manière essentielle dans l'algorithme de factorisation du crible algébrique (NFS). Dans cette thèse, nous obtenons des formules asymptotiques pour le nombre de représentations des entiers friables par différentes familles de polynômes. Nous considérons dans la première partie les formes binaires qui se décomposent comme produit d'une forme linéaire et d'une forme quadratique. Nous combinons pour cela le principe d'inclusion-exclusion à des idées issues de travaux sur la distribution multiplicative de certaines suites d'entiers représentés par des formes quadratiques développés par Fouvry et Iwaniec, puis Balog, Blomer, Dartyge et Tenenbaum. Dans un second temps, nous nous concentrons sur les valeurs friables de formes cubiques irréductibles. En adaptant les travaux de Heath-Brown et Moroz sur les nombres premiers représentés par de tels polynômes, nous obtenons des formules asymptotiques valides dans un vaste domaine de friabilité. Notre méthode permet également d'évaluer des moyennes sur les valeurs d'une forme cubique pour d'autres fonctions arithmétiques comprenant en particulier les fonctions de Möbius et de Liouville. Dans le dernier chapitre, nous étudions les corrélations de l'indicatrice des friables avec les nilsuites. En employant la méthode nilpotente de Green et Tao, nous en déduisons une formule pour le nombre de valeurs friables d'un produit de formes affines deux à deux affinement indépendantes / An integer is called y-friable if its largest prime factor does not exceed y. Friable values of binary forms play a central role in the integer factoring algorithm NFS (Number Field Sieve). In this thesis, we obtain some asymptotic formulas for the number of representations of friable integers by various classes of polynomials. In the first part, we focus on binary forms which split as a product of a linear form and a quadratic form. To achieve this, we combine the inclusion-exclusion principle with ideas based on works of Fouvry and Iwaniec and Balog, Blomer, Dartyge and Tenenbaum related to the distribution of some sequences of integers represented by quadratic forms. We then take a closer look at friable values of irreducible cubic forms. Extending some previous works of Heath-Brown and Moroz concerning primes represented by such polynomials, we provide some asymptotic formulas which hold in a large range of friability. With this method, we also evaluate some means over the values of an irreducible cubic form for other multiplicative functions including the Möbius function and the Liouville function. In the last chapter, we investigate the correlations between nilsequences and the characteristic function of friable integers. By using the nilpotent method of Green and Tao, our work provides a formula for the number of friable integers represented by a product of affine forms such that any two forms are affinely independent
9

Planification de mouvements pour les systèmes non-holonomes et étude de la contrôlabilité spectrale pour les équations de Schrödinger linéarisées

Long, Ruixing 06 July 2010 (has links) (PDF)
L'objectif de cette thèse est, d'une part, de fournir des méthodes de planification de mouvements pour les systèmes non-holonomes, et d'autre part, d'étudier la contrôlabilité spectrale pour les équations de Schrödinger linéarisées. Nous avons apporté une double contribution au problème de la planification de mouvements pour les systèmes non-holonomes. Fondé sur la géométrie sous-riemannienne, nous avons conçu un nouvel algorithme qui résout complètement le problème dans un cadre général. Nous avons également proposé une implémentation numérique de la méthode de continuation qui fournit des solutions satisfaisantes au problème de la planification du roulement sur le plan, un exemple classique de systèmes non-holonomes à deux entrées. Nous avons donné des conditions nécessaires et suffisantes de contrôlabilité spectrale en temps fini des équations de Schrödinger linéarisées en dimension 2 et 3. Leur généricité par rapport au domaine a été étudiée par une technique originale basée sur les équations intégrales.
10

Schémas de Hilbert invariants et théorie classique des invariants

Terpereau, Ronan 05 November 2012 (has links) (PDF)
Pour toute variété affine W munie d'une opération d'un groupe réductif G, le schéma de Hilbert invariant est un espace de modules qui classifie les sous-schémas fermés de W, stables par l'opération de G, et dont l'algèbre affine est somme directe de G-modules simples avec des multiplicités finies préalablement fixées. Dans cette thèse , on étudie d'abord le schéma de Hilbert invariant, noté H, qui paramètre les sous-schémas fermés GL(V)-stables Z de W=n1 V oplus n2 V^* tels que k[Z] est isomorphe à la représentation régulière de GL(V) comme GL(V)-module. Si dim(V)<3,on montre que H est une variété lisse, et donc que le morphisme de Hilbert-Chow gamma: H -> W//G est une résolution des singularités du quotient W//G. En revanche, si dim(V)=3, on montre que H est singulier. Lorsque dim(V)<3, on décrit H par des équations et aussi comme l'espace total d'un fibré vectoriel homogène au dessus d'un produit de deux grassmanniennes. On se place ensuite dans le cadre symplectique en prenant n1=n2 et en remplaçant W par la fibre en 0 de l'application moment mu: W -> End(V). On considère alors le schéma de Hilbert invariant H' qui paramètre les sous-schémas contenus dans mu^{-1}(0). On montre que H' est toujours réductible, mais que sa composante principale Hp' est lisse lorsque dim(V)<3. Dans ce cas, le morphisme de Hilbert-Chow est une résolution (parfois symplectique) des singularités du quotient mu^{-1}(0)//G. Lorsque dim(V)<3, on décrit Hp' comme l'espace total d'un fibré vectoriel homogène au dessus d'une variété de drapeaux. Enfin, on obtient des résultats similaires lorsque l'on remplace GL(V) par un autre groupe classique (SL(V), SO(V), O(V), Sp(V)) que l'on fait opérer d'abord dans W=nV, puis dans la fibre en 0 de l'application moment.

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