Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 156-164).

In recent times the number of children and youth, that have been forced to flee to Sweden due to various circumstances, has increased. The majority of said children and youth seek refuge along with their parents. In recent years, however, the count of this mentioned group, coming separately from their parents, has gradually increased. Children in such situations are called unaccompanied children. A knowledge gap in previous research, regarding the commitment of unaccompanied children, might be filled by neighborhood attentiveness to residential care homes i.e. HVB where many of these children get placed. In regards to this acknowledgement, the aim of this study has been to investigate neighborhood contacts with HVBs for unaccompanied children. Furthermore, the aim has been to investigate these contacts by using a case study with the objective of the municipality Gislaved and its HVB for unaccompanied children Furugården in Smålandsstenar. From the noted points the role that the neighborhoods might play regarding the endeavors towards integration will be highlighted. The study has been based on the theoretical frameworks of NIMBY and the Contact Hypothesis that intend to explain the significant role that the neighborhood’s impact can have on unaccompanied children’s integration. In order to meet the aim of this study, a total of 23 semi-structured and qualitative interviews have been conducted with responsible staff of the HVB along with its neighborhood i.e. its neighbors. / På senare tid har antalet barn och ungdomar som tvingats på flykt till Sverige åtskilda från sina föräldrar succesivt ökat. Dessa går under benämningen ensamkommande barn. En kunskapslucka inom tidigare forskning angående åtagandet av ensamkommande barn är den betydelse grannskapet till HVB-hem, som många av dessa barn placeras i, kan spela. Syftet med föreliggande studie har därmed varit att undersöka grannskapskontakter med boende för ensamkommande barn med hjälp av en fallstudie av ett HVB-hem i Gislaveds kommun, HVB-hemmet Furugården i Smålandsstenar, och att från dessa utgångspunkter belysa den roll grannskap kan spela för integrationssträvande. Studien har utgått från de teoretiska begreppen: NIMBY och Kontakthypotesen vilka inom studien har ämnat förklara grannskapets inverkan på ensamkommande barns integration För att uppnå studiens syfte har totalt 23 semistrukturerade intervjuer av kvalitativ karaktär genomförts med HVB-hemsansvariga och med HVB-hemmets grannskap, det vill säga grannar. / Ensamkommande barn och grannskapsrelationer i Jönköpings län

The aim of the thesis is a research of the "Not In My Back Yard" effect, a negative attitude of local people to a construction of a new and potentially dangerous project in their vicinity. The thesis quantifies strength of the NIMBY effect in Městec Králové, a town where a biogas plant is planned to be constructed. The hypothesis is that the strength of the NIMBY effect is higher for the people who live in a higher proximity to a planned construction than for the people who do not.The hypothesis is evaluated based on data gained by an own survey conducted among residents of the town.Quantification of the NIMBY effect is more frequently a subject of research of foreign studies; empirical studies of biogas plants are rather rare. From this reason I have implemented a study of population of Městec Králové and tried to prove whether presence of the "Not In My Back Yard" effect can be indicated.

Vargens återkomst har gett upphov till olika attitydsyttringar, boende i vargområden är i regel mernegativa till vargen än de som bor utanför dessa områden. Genom att mäta vilka attityder som finnstill varg kan forskare ge incitament till makthavare om hur vargförvaltningen upplevs avallmänheten.Den här studien är en kartläggning av forskningsläget under åren 2000 – 2014 rörande attityder tillvarg i Sverige och Norge. De variabler/grupper av individer som forskare inom området använderför att mäta vem som har vilken attityd är jägare, djurägare, boende på landsbygd utanför vargområde, boende på landsbygd i vargområde, boende i stad med flera. Vi finner att studierna tar uppteorierna social representation, centrum och periferi och NIMBY (Not In My Backyard). Manproblematiserar dessa i varierande grad utifrån de teorier som används. Något vi menar ärproblematiskt då forskningen blir enkelspårig och grund. Vi vill se en bredare problematiseringutifrån de teorier som redan framkommit i forskningen och ifrågasätter varför inte fler teorier ochvariabler undersöks. Vi efterfrågar ett vidare perspektiv där forskaren exempelvis gör tolkningarutifrån olika samhälleliga maktfigurationer.

Both China and Taiwan have experienced impressive economic growth through rapid industrialization that has resulted in a higher standard of living for citizens on the one hand, but has come at the cost of severe environmental degradation on the other. One of the byproducts of this economic growth and accompanying environmental stress has been an increased awareness among citizens of their living environment. And this newfound environmental consciousness can be manifested through various forms of protest when concerned citizens feel that their rights have been infringed upon by either the government or an offending industry. This thesis is concerned chiefly with the evolution of environmental protests in China and Taiwan, and explores two specific cases that are examples of a classic NIMBY-style (not-in-my-back-yard) protest: the anti-DuPont movement in Lukang, Taiwan from 1986-87 and the anti-PX movement in Xiamen, China from 2006-07. Both events have been hailed as watersheds in their respective polities’ environmental movements because they represent improved public participation in environmental protection activities. Whereas reactive protests had been the norm before, the events in Lukang and Xiamen showed that preventive measures, taken before citizens’ environmental rights can be potentially violated, was and still is possible. What make these NIMBY protests all the more fascinating and worthy of further exploration are the respective political backdrops during which they occurred—in Taiwan before the lifting of martial law, and in China when mass demonstrations are seldom allowed to proceed. This thesis will explore the main components of the Lukang and Xiamen protests and conduct a comparative analysis of their organizations, the events that transpired, as well as the official responses with which they were met. It is hoped that this thesis shows how the events in Xiamen echo those from Lukang some twenty years before, and that it provides some insight into the expanding role of citizens in environmental protection activities in both China and Taiwan.

The constructivist paradigm was used in the research study to focus on the challenges with affordable housing and concentrations of Housing Choice Voucher recipients in a county in Southern California. Viewed through the lens of Social Stratification posed by Max Weber, ones opportunities in life are based on his/her position of class, status and power, where by those with lower positions are excluded from opportunities. The literature discusses the goal of the Housing Choice Voucher Program is to deconcentrate poverty and provide opportunities to move to higher income areas in order to provide opportunities for social upward mobility. Residential socioeconomic segregation has considerable consequences for public health. Keeping in mind the sensitivity of this controversial topic, the researcher protected and maintained confidentiality through the research process. Thus, the member‑checking meeting in which the joint construction is shared with the study participants was held on a secured internet website. Data was gathered by interviewing a diverse group of participants from various levels of agency, including government agencies. This qualitative data was analyzed by identifying “units” of information that were then grouped into categories of topics relevant to the research focus. The result of the final data analysis was a formulation of sixteen categories which was then interpreted in the form of a social construction which concludes that there is a lack of affordable housing in the county, and concentrations of subsidized housing in lower income cities versus affluent cities is due to the demographics of cities as well as exclusion brought on by NIMBY occurrences. Implications for macro Social Work practice included community organizing and policy advocacy at various governmental levels. The termination of the study did not result in the study participants planning to move forward with the solutions that were formed during the research process. A “Thank you” email was sent to the participants with the final joint construction attached as well as the instructions on where to find the final report. The researcher invited the study participants to contact her in the future regarding any opportunities related to affordable and public housing in the County.

Denna studie är en del av en flerfallstudie i Jönköpings län och undersöker ett HVB-hem för ensamkommande barn och ungdomar i Jönköpings kommun. Syftet är att med hjälp av en kvalitativ fallstudie undersöka grannskapets potentiella roll för de ensamkommande barnen och ungdomarnas integration. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med grannar (n=11) och med representanter för HVB-hemmet (n=3). Studien undersöker även vilka kontakter som finns mellan HVB-hemmet och grannskapet, samt vilka informationsstrategier som använts i etableringsprocessen av HVB-hemmet och den betydelse dessa kan ha haft för hemmets mottagande. Studien visar att grannskapet uppfattar det undersökta HVB-hemmet som anonymt och att det finns en tydlig brist på information och kunskap om hemmet. Grannskapet efterfrågar mer information om HVB-hemmet samt har en generellt likgiltig alternativt positiv attityd till HVB-hemmets placering och de ensamkommande barnen. Acceptansen till HVB-hemmet kan bero på den informationsstrategi verksamheten valde gentemot grannskapet inför verksamhetsetableringen i området eller den låga kunskap som existerar bland grannarna angående hemmets verksamhet, men ytterligare faktorer skulle kunna ges som förklaring. Bristen på kontakt som finns mellan HVB-hemmet och grannskapet skulle kunna förklaras genom verksamhetens val att hålla en låg profil i grannområdet. Studien kan även urskilja att det finns en outnyttjad potential då grannskapet möjligen kan spela en viktig roll för ungdomarnas integration. / This study is a part of a wider multiple case study conducted in Jönköping county. It is examining a residential HVB-home for unaccompanied refugee children in Jönköping city. The purpose of this qualitative case study is to examine the neighborhood’s potential role in integration of unaccompanied refugee children. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with neighbors (n=11) and with representatives for the HVB-home (n=3). Furthermore, the study examines what information strategies have been used in the establishment process of HVB-home, along with what this has meant for the reception of the home in the neighborhood. The study finds that the neighborhood perceives the examined HVB-home as anonymous and there is a noticeable lack of information and knowledge about the home amongst the neighbors. The neighbors requests more information about the HVB-home and generally have indifferent or positive attitudes towards the location and existence of the HVB-home and the unaccompanied refugee children. The degree of acceptance of the home could be explained by the information strategy the HVB-home initially chose for the establishment of the home or the lack of knowledge about the home amongst the neighbors, although further explanations could be given. The lack of contact between the HVB-home and the neighborhood could partially be explained by the HVB-home’s choice to keep a low profile in the neighborhood. In addition, the study can distinguish an unexplored potential for the neighborhood to possible play an important role in the integration of the unaccompanied refugee children. / Ensamkommande flyktingbarn och grannskapsrelationer i Jönköpings län

Antalet ensamkommande barn och ungdomar som kommer till Sverige ökar för varje år. Det har gjort att fler kommuner nu tar emot dessa barn och ungdomar. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka grannskapsrelationer med boende för ensamkommande barn och ungdomar i Värnamo kommun samt grannskapsrelationernas betydelse för barnens och ungdomarnas integration. I studien genomfördes 9 intervjuer med grannar i grannskapet till boendet för ensamkommande barn och ungdomar. Intervjuer genomfördes även med verksamhetschefen Anna Thuresson på HVBhemmet Bryggan samt med medborgarnämndens ordförande Maria Johansson i Värnamo kommun. Intervjuerna speglar både grannars, verksamhetschefens och ordföranden i medborgarnämndens relation till hemmet. Studien består av tre forskningsfrågor som intervjuerna i denna studie är utformade efter. Åsikterna som presenteras i den här uppsatsen är intervjupersonernas egna åsikter. Resultatet av intervjuerna analyseras i förhållande till NIMBY-fenomenet och kontakthypotesen. Studiens syfte, delfrågor, fallstudieprotokoll och intervjuguider togs fram inom ett projekt vid Högskolan i Jönköping. Temat för projektet är grannars reaktioner inför boenden för ensamkommande barn och ungdomar i Jönköpings län. Föreliggande studie är en utav 6 fallstudier genomförda av studenter inom projektet. / Ensamkommande flyktingbarn och grannskapsrelationer i Jönköpings län

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The aim of this dissertation is to examine the integration of social issues into the Development Planning Process through environmental assessment procedures. A Case Study of Petrol Filling Stations (PFS) was examined in order to assess the level of integration of the social environment into the development planning process. It is often the case that developments, especially large developments, are conceptualized at a scale that marginalises the needs of local communities. The indirect cost and benefits of these developments on the community is not adequately researched prior to the implementation of these developments. Local concerns from the social environment are often marginalized in the decision making process. The literature in the study indicates that public involvement is often seen as anti-development, reflecting self-interest and being typical of the NIMBY (Not in my backyard) Syndrome. This dissertation comprises two main parts. The first part provides the theory and methodology employed by the researcher to gather data to explore the topic. International and national literature is analysed in relation to the Development Planning Process, Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) and its evolution, Public Participation, The NIMBY Syndrome, Social Impact Assessments (SIA) and relevant case studies are explored. The second part of this research analyses in detail the case study in relation to the development planning process and the EIA process. The intention of the analysis of the case studies was to establish at exactly what point the social environment is included in the development planning process and EIA process. The intention was to further establish if the process and its practice is adequate in ensuring the assessment and inclusion of the social environment into the decision making process. The second part of this research also analyses the interviews that were undertaken in order to assess how practitioners consider and include the social environment into the decision making process. The research confirms that in this particular instance the social environment was not adequately included early enough in the decision making process. Often social concerns are considered by developers to be a mechanism to delay development and are viewed as a “stumbling block” to development. However, the recognition of social issues and good public participation have been recognized as an important factor in ensuring quick decision-making and successful implementation of projects. Social screening is critical at the outset, prior to a development application being lodged with the relevant approval authority. Developers have recognized the importance of SIA and thorough public involvement in projects. Social screening can be used as a tool outside of, or prior to, the formal Development Planning and EIA application processes. / Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, 2010.