Den humanistiska geografin betonar sambandet mellan människors känslor och plats; vi kan kalla detta fenomen för platsbunden identitet eller platskänsla (sense of place). En plats kan till exempel inge trygghet eller en känsla av tillhörighet. Det betyder i sin tur att när en plats förändras, fysiskt eller socialt, påverkas också människors känslor inför denna plats, positivt eller negativt. I denna uppsats undersöks hur planerna av ökad exploatering och infrastruktursatsning på ön väcker reaktioner hos Lidingös politiker och befolkningen, samt om och hur dessa uttrycker en NIMBY-retorik. Vidare undersöks hur olika former av exkludering kan användas som verktyg för att driva handlingar kopplade till en NIMBY-retorik.Metoden somanvänts är kvalitativ grundläggande och tolkande innehållsanalys baserad på kommunala och statliga dokument, politiska uttalanden och tidningsartiklar. Studien visar att bland de positiva effektersom en ökad exploatering och infrastruktur skulle kunna medföra, finns tydliga röster som ser desamma som ett hot mot Lidingös platsbundna identitet.

The diploma thesis deals with the conflict that appeared after a drop-in centre for drug users was opened in the street Na Skalce in Prague 5 in April 2010. Local residents and politicians expressed their disapproval with the activities of the drop-in centre in the area that they defined as residential. The opposition based their arguments against drug services near recreational and educational facilities on the values of home, family, private property and perceived feeling of security. The primary conflict of local residents versus drug service providers was based on processes of ascribing negative characteristics to the group that was identified as unwanted in the community. Stigmatization and labelling of drug users were associated not only with drug users, but also with social workers who offer treatment and help to drug users. The data were collected from media messages and analysed by methods of the grounded theory.

published_or_final_version / Urban Planning / Master / Master of Science in Urban Planning

Based on the overall findings and implications of this study, this dissertation offers a siting strategy for addressing the NIMBY problem. The strategy calls for policy-makers to develop a more collaborative, learning and deliberative engagement process, address public concerns and past negative experiences, and build trust by iv enhancing their performance in planning and siting LULUs to meet public expectations. Finally, suggestions for future research are provided. / Siting locally unwanted land uses (LULUs) is a major policy problem across different societies. The problem is particularly pronounced in Hong Kong because of its small size, high population density and rapid development. The term NIMBY (not in my backyard) is generally used to describe public opposition towards LULUs. The literature highlights the importance of understanding the basis of public objections so as to resolve siting conflicts effectively. Thus, the purpose of this study is to address the NIMBY problem in Hong Kong by unraveling the factors that affect public response to siting, with particular focus on trust, and to suggest a siting strategy that can address public opposition to LULUs. A conceptual framework based on previous studies for understanding public response to LULU siting is developed to guide this study. The framework includes such factors as the perceived need for the facility, perceived risk, fairness, trust in government and certain socio-demographic characteristics, in addition to community siting experience, which has not been sufficiently studied in the past. This framework also includes the attributes that affect the formation of trust. / This research utilizes social surveys to investigate the factors underlying public opposition and in-depth interviews to explore the role of trust from the perspective of stakeholders. Four social surveys were conducted, one across the whole of Hong Kong (1,002 respondents) and the other three in local districts. Over 750 respondents had been surveyed in each district. These surveys were designed to investigate general public perceptions towards LULU siting, the influence of community siting experiences, and the factors that are most influential upon public acceptance/ opposition towards LULUs. Findings of the four social surveys are broadly similar and demonstrate that public have broad interests embracing social, political, environmental, risk and health concerns. The survey findings confirm that the NIMBY problem is prevalent in Hong Kong and that the most unwanted LULUs are those without demonstrated societal need and those which are perceived to be risky. The public feel that it is unfair to site LULUs in their districts; they think it is fairer to distribute LULUs evenly across districts, or based on local needs. The results also suggest a lack of trust in the government, reflecting a possible breakdown in communication between the planning authority and the public. In addition, comparison of the three local surveys shows that responses from the three communities are broadly similar, but there are some inter-community differences in terms of the magnitude of their responses. Results show that residents from communities with negative siting experiences have a lower degree of acceptance of LULUs, a stronger sense of unfairness about siting LULUs in their districts, and a lower level of trust in the government than do residents of communities without negative experiences. They also tend to be more sensitive to the risks associated with LULUs and to have a stronger preference for more public participation and implementation of effective mitigation and monitoring programs as methods for resolving siting conflicts. Further, results of the binary logistic regression analysis show that people are likely to oppose LULU siting if they have had a negative siting experience, do not perceive the need for the facility, accord a high risk to the facility and have a low level of trust in government. The above results suggest that it is important to understand and address public perceptions so as to resolve siting conflicts effectively. The importance and formation of trust was studied by conducting in-depth interviews with 35 local stakeholders. The respondents confirm the importance of trust in promoting consensus building and collaboration, which are conducive to conflict resolution. The conception of trust is also shown to be relevant to the respondents' evaluation of trust attributes including competence, openness, credibility, accountability, objectivity, fairness and caring. Moreover, the stakeholders require a higher level of trust in proponents involved in siting more risky or polluting LULUs. To enhance trust, the stakeholders recommend that proponents increase public participation and develop effective communications, and improve performance to meet social expectations on matters related to LULU planning and siting. / Woo, Lai Yan. / Advisers: K.C. Lam; T. Fung. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 73-01, Section: A, page: . / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 173-186). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [201-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract and appendixes 2, 3-5, 7 also in Chinese.

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print.

Although there is, in general, a significant level of support of projects related to use of renewable resources, in fact realization of the specific projects usually meets with negative attitude of local residents. This negative attitude is often called as NIMBY ("not in my backyard") effect without further research of particular causes. Therefore, in the theoretical part of this diploma thesis NIMBY effect is defined, as well as various attitudes to its interpretation in literature and also the effect of various compensation on changing residents' attitude. In the practical part, this diploma thesis analyses residents' attitude, the existence and strength of NIMBY effect and the effect of compensation on changing residents attitude towards the specific planned project of building WtE in Karviná city (KIC). The results of this analyzation show, that NIMBY effect is detected, but at the same time it is not the main cause of the negative attitude of residents. Moreover, it has been found out, that the offered compensation have not any important influence on the change of residents' attitude.

Förtätning beskrivs ofta som en planeringsstrategi för att uppnå social, ekonomisk och ekologisk hållbarhet. Trots detta tenderar invånare att formera motstånd mot förtätningsåtgärder i sitt närområde. Varbergs kommun har haft en hög andel överklagade detaljplaner, vilket härrörs från att ett flertal av detaljplanerna rörde förtätningsprojekt. Uppsatsen driver därmed tesen att det existerar ett förtätningsmotstånd i Varberg. En god medborgardialog anses kunna minska ett medborgerligt motstånd och uppsatsen syftar därmed till att öka kunskapen om förtätningsmotstånd som fenomen, samt undersöka ett eventuellt samband mellan förtätningsmotstånd och medborgardialog. Därigenom bidrar uppsatsen till att stärka svenska kommuners strategiska och praktiska arbete med dessa frågor. Genom en dokument- och intervjustudie, samt en analys av dessa, bekräftar uppsatsen att ett förtätningsmotstånd förekommer i Varberg. Motståndet härrörs från projektspecifika faktorer, en brist på konsensus kring enskilda och allmänna intressen och ett kommunikativt glapp mellan kommun och allmänhet. Uppsatsen undersöker därtill vilken hänsyn som tas till invånares synpunkter i utvalda förtätningsprojekt, en frågeställning som det finns multipla svar på beroende på vilken aktör som tillfrågas. Vidare lyfter uppsatsen vikten av att invånare har möjlighet att utmana konsensus och att det tidigt i planprocessen finns utrymme för att ifrågasätta makthavare. Uppsatsen föreslår därför att kommuner ska befinna sig i utrymmet mellan motstånd och acceptans. / Densification is often described as a planning strategy to achieve social, economic, and ecological sustainability. Despite this, residents tend to form resistance to densification interventions in their neighbourhood. The municipality of Varberg has had a high proportion of appealed detailed plans, which stems from the fact that several of the detailed plans concerned densification projects. The thesis thus argues that there is resistance to densification in Varberg. A good citizen dialogue is considered to be able to reduce citizen resistance, and the thesis aims to increase knowledge about densification resistance as a phenomenon, and to investigate a possible connection between densification resistance and citizen dialogue. In this way, the thesis contributes to strengthening Swedish municipalities' strategic and practical work with these issues. Through a document and interview study, as well as an analysis of these, the thesis confirms that a densification resistance exists in Varberg. The resistance stems from project-specific factors, a lack of consensus on private and public interests, and a communication gap between the municipality and the public. The paper also examines how residents' views are taken into account in selected densification projects, a question to which there are multiple answers depending on which actor is being asked. Furthermore, the paper emphasises the importance of residents having the opportunity to challenge consensus and that space is provided early in the planning process to question those in power. The paper therefore suggests that municipalities should operate in the space between resistance and acceptance.

Très peu de travaux distinguent les conflits d'aménagement des conflits environnementaux. Pourtant les rapports que les premiers entretiennent avec l'espace, le territoire et les caractéristiques de l'aménagement en font des conflits particuliers. Ce sont précisément ces rapports que cette thèse se propose d'appréhender à travers une lecture systémique. En choisissant d'étudier les associations nées en réaction à des projets d'aménagement, cette recherche place la localisation et les mécanismes des conflits au centre de l'analyse. La méthodologie de recherche s'organise autour d'une articulation entre approches quantitative et qualitative. Une base de données de huit cents conflits d'aménagement recensés en Bretagne depuis la Guerre permet d'en dresser une géographie régionale. Neuf études de cas portant sur des conflits d'intensité variable permettent ensuite d'appréhender le fonctionnement des conflits d'aménagement. Les résultats obtenus sont de deux ordres. D'une part, ils démontrent que la géographie des conflits d'aménagement est fonction des propriétés socio-spatiales du territoire d'accueil et de l'aménagement. D'autre part, nos travaux mettent en évidence la manière dont le territoire et le conflit se nourrissent mutuellement selon des interactions d'intensité variable. Plus globalement, cette thèse pose la question de l'insertion territoriale durable des aménagements.

Depuis la départementalisation en 1946, La Réunion a connu un développement sans précédent, notamment une urbanisation qui s'est faite progressivement, actuellement caractérisée par une articulation du rural et de l'urbain. En outre, la population devenant de plus en plus nombreuse a eu pour effet immédiat une plus grande consommation. Conséquence de notre mode de vie, les déchets ménagers ne cessent de croître et leur rejet dans l'environnement devient un problème crucial ; ils sont ainsi devenus omniprésents et leur traitement pose des problèmes. Le projet de création d'une installation d'élimination telle qu'une usine d'incinération de déchets suscite de véritables levées de boucliers de la part des habitants réunionnais et des élus locaux. Le syndrome Nimby gagne la population. Le renforcement des normes européennes visant à permettre une gestion mieux contrôlée du traitement des déchets apparaît comme un fardeau supplémentaire. Ainsi, la mise en place des lois énoncées et édictées par l'Union Européenne s'appliquent à l'échelle locale mais s'insèrent difficilement dans la mesure où elles ne prennent pas en compte les contraintes et les spécificités locales.