Los eco-productos están ganando una gran popularidad en el mundo debido a la preocupación, por la degradación ambiental, por parte de las personas. Asimismo, esto ha derivado en un aumento en la compra de productos verdes por lo que, aparece una nueva tendencia llamada “green marketing”. Esto ha generado un rápido incremento en el número de empresas dedicadas a producir este tipo de productos con el fin de poder generar una mayor confianza y satisfacción en los consumidores al momento de adquirir algún producto verde. Por otro lado, la preocupación hacia el medio ambiente ha generado que los consumidores sean aún mucho más exigentes. Por otro lado, el green marketing mejora la imagen de la marca ante los ojos de los consumidores, la imagen de marca verde aumenta la intención de compra en los clientes. Los hallazgos del presente estudio pueden contribuir a la literatura para entender cómo se comporta el mercado peruano ya que, existe un incremento de la oferta de productos ecológicos y tiene un gran potencial para liderar esta tendencia. Además, considerando que se toca en muchos estudios, pero se profundiza poco, se busca comprender la confianza y los efectos en la intención de compra en contextos emergentes. / Eco friendly product are gaining a great popularity in the world. This is happening because of the public concern about the degradation of the environment caused by humans. This situation has increased the demand of green products creating a new wave called “green marketing”. Generating a quick increment in the number of companies dedicated to producing this kind of products, with the objective of generating a greater trust and satisfaction in the consumers when they purchase any green product. On the other hand, the concern about eh environment has generated a consumer who is more demanding with what they are consuming. On the other side, green marketing improves the brand image before the eyes of the consumers, the green brand image increases the purchasing intention of clients. The founding’s of the present study can contribute to the literature to understand how the Peruvian market works considering an increment on the offer of ecological products and a great potential to lead this tendency. Furthermore, considering that there are many studies that already investigate this situation but do not inquire much, the hope is to comprehend the green trust and its effect on the purchase intention in an emergent context. / Trabajo de investigación

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar cómo la confianza y reviews en línea tienen una relación directa en la intención de compra en E- commerce en la categoría de electrónicos en la ciudad de Lima. La investigación se basa en fuentes con el propósito de determinar los conceptos de: intención de compra, confianza, online reviews, electrónicos; asimismo de dar a conocer el contexto actual de la categoría de electrónicos. Seguido a ello, cabe mencionar que dicha investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitativo, el cual sigue una lógica estadística. Así mismo, se da un estudio explicativo en donde se establece una relación de causa y efecto entre variables dependientes e independientes. Además, cuenta con un estudio transversal y concluyente. Finalmente, en la fase cuantitativa se realizarán 400 encuestas, el cual se aplicará a través de la escala de medición Likert con una escala del 1 al 5. Además, se ha tomado en cuenta para el cuestionario a los autores Chakraborty, U. (2019), Riley, J.M. and Klein, R. (2019) para las variables “intención de compra”, “confianza” y “online reviews”. / The objective of this research is to analyze how trust and online reviews have a direct relationship with the purchase intention in E-commerce in the electronics category in the city of Lima. The research is based on sources with the purpose of determining the concepts of: purchase intention, trust, online reviews, electronic; also to make known the current context of the electronics category. Following this, it should be mentioned that said research has a quantitative approach, which follows a statistical logic. Likewise, an explanatory study is given where a cause and effect relationship is established between dependent and independent variables. In addition, it has a cross-sectional and conclusive study. Finally, in the quantitative phase, 400 surveys will be carried out, which will be applied through the Likert measurement scale with a scale from 1 to 5. Therefore the authors have been taken into account for the questionnaire Chakraborty, U. (2019 ), Riley, JM and Klein, R. (2019) for the variables “purchase intention”, “trust” and “online reviews”. / Trabajo de investigación

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Aim: The aim of the study is to investigate the influence e-WOM through social network sites has on consumers focusing on brand perception and purchase intention.  Methodology: A qualitative study was applied with the semi-structured online interview conducted with nine respondents across Bangladesh. The collected primary data were transcribed and thematically analyzed with the reviewed literature.  Findings and Conclusion: We conclude that e-WOM through SNS helps consumers to select smartphones and gadgets. Due to paid reviews and negative influencers, trustworthiness is vital on SNS reviews. Also, the recommendation from known sources or personal research increases brand perception. Rather than relying on single reviews on SNS, it is highly recommended to justify the reviews for purchase intention of smartphones or gadgets. Contribution of the Thesis: This study suggests that e-WOM through SNS influences consumers' purchase of smartphones or gadget brands. It is recommended for the managers to determine reviewers on SNS regarding smartphone or gadget brands. Besides, this study exposes the importance of trustworthiness in SNS reviews.  Suggestion for the Future Research: We suggest future research on a similar topic using a larger sample size. We also propose a comparative study with two or more countries on similar products to determine differences and results relatively. Besides, this study only focused on smartphones or gadget items; focusing on different products with larger audiences might be done for future research. Furthermore, future research could be done

In the context of the world's increasing environmental challenges and the rise of green consumerism, promoting sustainable consumer behavior is more important than ever. This study aims at extending the understanding of consumers' purchase  intention of  environmentally friendly cosmetic products. With a theoretical starting point in theories of green promotion and the theory of planned behavior, a total of ten hypotheses and sub-hypotheses were formulated to answer the research question how green promotional cues can be used to affect consumers' beliefs and increase purchase intention. Central concepts in the study’s constructed conceptual framework are intrinsic cues which represent concrete characteristics of a product such as ingredients and formula, and extrinsic cues which are attributes not present within the product itself such as packaging and brand. A quantitative approach using an online survey in an experimental vignette designed questionnaire generated responses from a sample of 325 participants in three treatment groups, and the data was subsequently examined through statistical analysis. The study’s main findings show that intrinsic cues have a stronger influence on purchase intention than extrinsic cues but that extrinsic cues seem to have a stronger influence on consumers’ subjective beliefs. The study provides implications on how cosmetic companies can use the insights generated by the study when developing promotional strategies for green cosmetics.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate how influencer marketing is experienced by young adult women between the ages of 18 to 30, how the purchase intention is affected by their trust in, and trust in, influencers and influencer marketing as a marketing strategy and to see if there is fatigue of influencer marketing.  Research questions:  1. What do young adult women want to experience to make a purchase via influencer marketing on Instagram? 2. What is the attitude of young adult women towards influencer marketing in terms of trust and confidence? 3. How do young adult women react to the increasing prevalence of influencer marketing on Instagram? Methodology: A qualitative method has been applied to 20 informants. The semi-structured interviews took place on the video call application Zoom.  Theories: This study is based on six theories; eWOM, Influencer marketing, Trust and Confidence, Purchase intention, Theory of planned behavior and Information overload. Empiric: The empiric presents an interpreted view of the informants' answers in text.   Conclusion: The conclusions of this study are: 1. Young adult women have to feel a need, applicability to everyday life and the will to have, to feel that they want to make a purchase through influencer marketing. 2. Young adult women's attitudes to influencer marketing regarding trust and confidence vary from influencer to influencer and thus their buying intention in relation to influencer marketing is affected to varying degrees. 3. There is an oversaturation of influencer marketing on Instagram in young adult women aged 18 to 30 years / Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka på vilket sätt influencer marketing upplevs av unga vuxna kvinnor i åldrarna 18 till 30 år, hur köpintentionen påverkas av deras förtroende för, och tillit till, influencers och influencer marketing som marknadsföringsstrategi samt att se om det finns en trötthet av influencer marketing  Forskningsfrågor:  1. Vad vill unga vuxna kvinnor uppleva för att genomföra ett köp via influencer marketing på Instagram?  2. Vad har unga vuxna kvinnor för inställning till influencer marketing i termerna tillit och förtroende? 3. Hur har unga vuxna kvinnor reagerat på den ökade förekomsten av influencer marketing på Instagram? Metod: En kvalitativ metod har tillämpats genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med 20 informanter. De semistrukturerade intervjuerna skedde via videosamtalsapplikationen Zoom.   Teori: Denna studie har utgått från sex teorier; eWOM, Influencer marketing, Förtroende och tillit, Köpintention, Teorin om planerat beteende och Informationsöverbelastning.  Empiri: I empirin presenteras en tolkad syn på informanternas svar i text.  Slutsats: Studiens slutsatser är: 1. Unga vuxna kvinnor behöver känna ett behov, tillämpbarhet till vardagen och viljan att ha, för att känna att de vill genomföra ett köp via influencer marketing. 2. Unga vuxna kvinnors inställning till influencer marketing avseende förtroende och tillit varierar mellan olika influencers och således påverkas unga vuxna kvinnors köpintention i relation till influencer marketing i varierande utsträckning. 3. Det råder en trötthet av influencer marketing på Instagram hos unga vuxna kvinnor i åldrarna 18 till 30 år.

Background: The fundamental aim of utilizing a message strategy is to develop advertising content that captures consumer attention and thereby generates favourable consumer behaviour. Two common approaches in advertising are (i) emotional appeals and (ii) rational appeals. Literature has found emotional appeals to be the superior alternative, but are yet to fully grasp the dynamics of the different emotional appeals as several researchers have called for further establishment and knowledge in the area. In this study, a new approach to emotional appeals has been taken in terms of including a wider range of emotions than has been previously done, and the aim is therethrough to receive a more nuanced and complete understanding of the phenomenon emotional appeals. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explain the different effects of emotional message appeals on purchase intention. Methodology: This study utilized an explanatory purpose along with a deductive, quantitative research approach, as well as a cross-sectional research design to test a conceptual model based on six hypotheses. The data collection method was completed through the distribution of a self-administered questionnaire in various online forums. The questionnaire received 212 valid responses. Findings: The hypotheses for four out of the six basic emotions were tested. The Happiness appeal showed to have the most positive effect on purchase intention (0.412), whilst Fear (0.269) and Sadness (0.273) also displayed positive tendencies, even though the Sadness appeal had been hypothesized to have negative effects on purchase intention. Furthermore, the Disgust appeal was - as hypothesized - suggested to have a negative influence on purchase intention (-0.277). The Surprise and Anger appeals displayed insignificant F-values and could thereby not be further investigated. Conclusion: Based on the four remaining emotions an adjusted conceptual model was presented in which one can observe the varying effects of emotional message appeals on purchase intention. This model can be valuable for marketers and marketing practitioners looking to apply emotional appeals as part of their marketing strategies, as well as to researchers looking to more fully understand the dynamics of emotions and emotional appeals in marketing contexts. Last, this study calls for further establishment within the field of emotional appeals in terms of gathering insights into the fluidity of emotions. / <p>Appendix 3 is in a separate file.</p>

El mercado de alimentos orgánicos se encuentra presente en el Perú desde hace muchos años, creciendo y tomando relevancia con el pasar del tiempo. Así mismo, se ha podido observar un crecimiento exponencial en las compras online, por lo que muchas marcas han migrado a canales digitales para satisfacer las nuevas necesidades de los consumidores y adaptarse a sus nuevos hábitos de consumo. Es por ello que en este estudio se busca examinar el papel del brand image y brand loyalty a la hora de influir en el online purchase intention de los alimentos orgánicos en el contexto peruano, con el fin de comprobar si existe una relación significativa entre las variables mencionadas. Para el estudio se adoptó un alcance de investigación correlacional y un enfoque cuantitativo de carácter concluyente. Además, este será un estudio transversal, basado en una muestra no probabilística infinita de 400 personas consumidoras de alimentos orgánicos con una metodología de encuestas online, de escala de Likert (5 puntos). Finalmente, el análisis de la data será de bivariados, desde correlaciones, a través del programa SPSS y de análisis multivariados, de ecuaciones estructurales, a través del programa Smart PLS. / The organic food market has been present in Peru for many years, growing and gaining relevance over time. Likewise, exponential growth has been observed in online shopping, so many brands have migrated to digital channels to satisfied the new needs of consumers and adapt to their new consumption habits. That is why this paper seeks to examine the role of brand image and brand loyalty for influence the online purchase intention of organic foods in the Peruvian context, in order to check if there is a significant relationship between the variables mentioned. A correlational research scope and a conclusive quantitative approach were adopted for the study. In addition, this will be a cross-sectional study, based on an infinite non-probabilistic sample of 400 consumers of organic food with an online survey methodology, Likert scale (5 points). Finally, the data analysis will be bivariate, from correlations, through the SPSS program, and multivariate analysis, from structural equations, through the Smart PLS program. / Trabajo de investigación

La pandemia ocasionada por la COVID-19 obligó a las librerías a cerrar sus tiendas físicas y migrar al canal digital. Es por ello que, esta investigación tiene como objetivo estudiar las motivaciones hedónicas y utilitarias en relación a la intención de compra en la categoría de plataformas de librerías online. Para la comprensión del estudio, se exploran las relaciones de tres variables: Motivación Hedónica, Motivación Utilitaria e Intención de compra, a través de la revisión de la literatura. También, es importante mencionar que se expone la relevancia, el alcance y las limitaciones del presente estudio en el contexto peruano. Por otro lado, el estudio tendrá un alcance correlacional ya que se busca conocer la relación existente entre las variables propuestas. Asimismo, se trabajará bajo un enfoque cuantitativo y el estudiado será transversal dado que se realizará en un periodo de tiempo determinado. La recopilación de datos será desarrollada utilizando un cuestionario, el cual será enviado de manera online. La muestra está prevista para un total de 400 respuestas, por parte de aquellos que han comprado alguna vez libros en plataformas de librerías online. / The COVID-19 pandemic forced bookstores to close their physical stores and migrate to the digital channel. That is why this research aims to study hedonic and utilitarian motivations in relation to purchase intention in the category of online bookstore platforms. In order to understand the study, the relationships of three variables are explored: Hedonic Motivation, Utilitarian Motivation and Purchasing intention, through the literature review. Also, it is important to mention that the relevance, scope and limitations of this study in the Peruvian context are exposed. On the other hand, the data collection will be developed using a questionnaire, which will be sent online. The sample is scheduled for a total of 400 responses, by those who have ever bought books on online bookstore platforms. / Trabajo de investigación

En la actualidad el e-commerce presenta un acelerado crecimiento, principalmente en el último año donde el usuario ha ido cambiando sus hábitos y comportamientos en el proceso de compra. En la categoría de supermercados, los consumidores acostumbraban realizar sus compras de primera necesidad de forma presencial, mientras que hoy en día el e-commerce adquiere un mayor valor, es por ello que los retailers deben tener en cuenta las variables a considerar. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar la relación entre la Satisfacción del cliente, el brand image y la intención de compra de la generación X en el canal e-commerce de los supermercados. Se va a proponer hacer una muestra de 400 personas, no probabilística y se trabajará análisis variados y multivariados en SPSS y SmartPLS. / Nowadays, e-commerce shows rapid growth, mainly in the last year where the user has been changing their habits and behaviors in the purchase process. In the supermarkets category, consumers used to make their essential purchases in person, while today e-commerce acquires greater value, which is why retailers must take into account the variables to be considered. The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between customer satisfaction, the brand image and the purchase intention of generation X in the e-commerce channel of supermarkets. A non-probabilistic sample of 400 people will be proposed, and varied and multivariate analyzes will be carried out in SPSS and SmartPLS. / Trabajo de investigación