Vegetation development in the Cheb basin ( W Czech Republic) recorded in the sediments of the SOOS ational ature Reserve This thesis focuses on palaeoecological research of quaternary sediments in the Soos National Nature Reserve (Cheb basin, NW Czech Republic). Quaternary history of this locality is poorly known, despite it is a valuable and protected area with high natural qualities. The Soos basin is also known for its unique geological record, which is expected to cover information on landscape dynamics at least during the Holocene. A lake existed in the Soos basin enabling accumulation of diatomite and peat sediments of a broad palaeoecological potential. Records were analysed with method of pollen analysis and were dated using 14C. The results of this study bring information about vegetation development in the area of Cheb basin as well as development of lake ecosystem. It also gives a new insight on lake's origin and its age. The accumulation of peat sediments started in the Preboreal period and was continuous at least until the Atlantic following with a hiatus, therefore further detection of vegetation development is impossible. The beginning of diatomite accumulation, as well as the existence of the lake goes back to the Bølling interstadial, according to radiocarbon dating. However, this...

獸面紋又稱做饕餮紋，其盛行於商代至西周早期，但早在夏代青銅器上就已發現這種紋飾，饕餮是古人想像出來的怪獸，進而再融合自然界中各種猛獸的特徵而成。一般形象是以鼻樑為中線，兩側成對稱排列，有大眼和頭上兩個大角，以及一個沒有下唇的大嘴。非相片寫實電腦繪圖技術(Non-photorealistic Rendering)不同於傳統的電腦圖學技術，著重於產生各式各樣不同於光學物理的繪圖效果。最重要的是如何分析各種藝術的結構和技巧，進而加以統整之後，建立系統性的演算法，將其重現於數位空間。本論文便是針對中國古代所流傳下來的獸面紋圖樣的設計創作去做分析，從而發展出一套系統，讓使用者輸入一張任意的動物圖像，將此圖像標示出特徵部位後再與我們收集的獸面紋樣資料庫做簡單的比對和變更，自動的產生繪製出具有中國古代獸面紋圖樣特徵的結果。 / Animal-mask decoration, also known as the taotie pattern, is an art stylization commonly found on bronze vessels from the Shang Dynasty to the early Western Zhou Dynasty. Taotie is an imagined gluttonous monster, which is composited with the characteristics of various wild animals. The general layout of taotie is a symmetrical face with pair of large eyes and horns, and a big mouth without lower lip. Non-photorealistic computer graphics (NPR) technology tries to produce all kinds of effects different from the optical physics, and focuses on analyzing and integrating the principle of the various arts and skills to establish a systematic method to reproduce the stylization. This thesis tries to analyze the structure of the traditional animal-mask decoration, and building a system to transfer the stylization. The User can input an animal photograph and manually select few feature points. Then the proposed algorithm will automatically extract the feature and find the correspondence in the example Database to create the new animal-mask decoration with the feature in the input photograph.

在裝飾紋路當中，雲紋裝飾圖樣扮演著一個十分重要的角色，它是十分常見的一種設計元素，而東方人對於雲紋裝飾圖樣的表現手法有別於西方，以簡單的曲線抽象地呈現雲朵的姿態。非相片寫實電腦繪圖技術(Non-photorealistic Rendering)不同於傳統上的電腦圖學技術，NPR著重於產生各式各樣非傳統光學物理的繪圖效果，最重要的是如何分析各種藝術的結構和技巧，進而加以統整之後，建立系統性的演算法，將其重現於數位空間。本論文便是針對自古所流傳下來的東方雲紋圖樣的設計去做分析，進而發展出一套系統，讓使用者輸入一些簡易的筆畫線條，以此資訊作為雲紋圖樣生成的初始設定，然後自動地產生出具有東方風格雲紋圖樣特徵的結果。 / Cloud patterns are very common design elements used in the oriental decoration, and can well harmonize with other ornament patterns. The expression of oriental cloud patterns uses simple curves to abstract the natural phenomenon. Non-photorealistic computer graphics (NPR) technology focuses on analyzing and integrating the principle of the various arts and skills to establish a systematic method to reproduce the stylization. This thesis tries to analyze the structure of the traditional cloud patterns, and building a system to generate the similar style cloud patterns. The system allows users to sketch some simple strokes lines as an initial setting, and then automatically generate various results with the stylization of the oriental cloud pattern.

I studied the biodiversity of tree species along the nature trail: Kubova Huť (1003 meters above sea level) {--} top of the national natural reservation Boubínský prales (1363 m above sea level), in the different altitudes. I carried out the measuring by the transect method. I divided all the route into 8 imaginary line-levels which were distant about 50 m above sea level one from each other. On each level 6 transects were delimited at right angle to the direction of the trail: 3 on the right side and 3 on the left side of the trail, always with the distance of 10 m between each other. I delimited the square areas of 30 square meters as transects. In each transect I measured identified the kinds of given tree species. I also counted the regeneration of young seedlings in 1 m-neighbourhood of each tree. I counted also rotting wood and regeneration of young seedlings in its neighbourhood. I also took down the number of snags in this area and number of regeneration around these individuals.

Thesis evaluated by: Dr. Rémy Sauvé, Dr. Puttaswamy Manjunath and Dr. Madhu Anand-Srivastava. Thank you for all your help. / L’hypertension est associée au remodelage vasculaire dû à l’hyperprolifération et l’hypertrophie des cellules musculaires lisses vasculaires (CMLVs). Nous avons démontré par le passé l’implication de l’expression élevée des protéines Gqα et PLCβ1 dans les CMLVs de rats spontanément hypertendus (RSH) âgés de 16 semaines. Le C-ANP4-23 est un agoniste du récepteur au peptide natriurétique de type C (NPR-C) qui possède la capacité d’inhiber la synthèse de protéines en réponse aux peptides vasoactifs dans les CMLVs. Cette étude a eu pour but d’examiner si le C-ANP4-23 pouvait atténuer l’hypertrophie dans un modèle de rat souffrant d’hypertrophie cardiaque et d’explorer les mécanismes responsables de cette inhibition. Pour ce faire, des CMLVs aortiques de RSH âgés de 16 semaines ont été utilisées. Le taux de synthèse de protéines, un marqueur d’hypertrophie, a été déterminé par l’incorporation de (3H)leucine et l’expression des protéines a été déterminée par la technique d’immunobuvardage de type Western. Le volume cellulaire a été estimé par imagerie confocale tridimensionnelle. Le taux de synthèse de protéines et le volume cellulaire étaient considérablement accrus dans les CMLVs des RSH comparativement aux rats WKY et ont été largement atténués par le traitement au C-ANP4-23. De plus, le traitement au C-ANP4-23 a normalisé l’expression élevée du récepteur AT1 et des protéines Gqα et PLCβ1, des niveaux intracellulaires d’anions superoxide (O2-), de l’activité de la NADPH (de l’anglais nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxydase, ainsi que l’expression des protéines Nox4 et de p47phox dans les CMLVs des RSH. En outre, le C-ANP4-23 a réduit l’activation des récepteurs à L’EGF (de l’anglais epidermal growth factor), au PDGF (de l’anglais platelet-derived growth factor), et à l’IGF-1 (de l’anglais insulin-like growth factor 1). Le C-ANP4-23 a également atténué la phosphorylation des ERK1/2 (de l’anglais extracellular regulated kinase1/2), AKT et c-Src. Ces résultats indiquent que l’activation du NPR-C par C-ANP4-23 a atténué l’hypertrophie des CMLVs par sa capacité à diminuer la surexpression du récepteur AT1, l’expression élevée des protéines Gqα/PLCβ1, le stress oxydatif accru, l’activation augmentée des facteurs de croissance et l’augmentation de la phosphorylation des voies de signalisation MAPK/AKT. Ainsi, ces travaux suggèrent que le C-ANP4-23 peut être utilisé comme agent thérapeutique pour le traitement des complications vasculaires associées à l’hypertension et à l’athérosclérose. / Hypertension is associated with vascular remodelling due to hyperproliferation and hypertrophy of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). We earlier showed the implication of enhanced expression of Gqα and PLCβ1 proteins in VSMCs from 16- week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The present study was undertaken to investigate whether C-ANP4-23, a natriuretic peptide receptor-C (NPR-C) agonist that has been shown to inhibit vasoactive peptide-induced enhanced protein synthesis in VSMCs, could attenuate VSMC hypertrophy in rat models of cardiac hypertrophy and to explore the underlying mechanisms contributing to this inhibition. For these studies, aortic VSMCs from 16-week-old SHR were used. The protein synthesis, a marker of hypertrophy, was determined by (3H)leucine incorporation and the expression of proteins was determined by Western blotting. Cell volume was determined by three-dimensional confocal imaging. The protein synthesis was significantly enhanced in VSMC from SHR as compared to WKY and C-ANP4-23 treatment attenuated the enhanced protein synthesis to WKY control levels. In addition, the enhanced expression of the AT1 receptor as well as Gqα and PLCβ1 proteins, enhanced levels of superoxide anion (O2 -), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity, as well as the increased expressions of NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) and p47phox exhibited by VSMC from SHR were all attenuated by C-ANP4-23 treatment. Furthermore, C-ANP4-23 also attenuated the enhanced activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R), insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and the enhanced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), AKT and c-Src. These results indicate that C-ANP4-23, via the activation of NPR-C, attenuates VSMC hypertrophy through its ability to decrease the overexpression of the AT1 receptor and Gqα/PLCβ1 proteins, the enhanced oxidative stress, the increased activation of growth factors and the enhanced phosphorylation of the MAPK/AKT signalling pathway. Thus, it can be suggested that C-ANP4-23, an activator of NPR-C, may be used as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of vascular complications associated with hypertension and atherosclerosis.

This thesis report aims at illustrating and describing how e-procurement can contribute in creating value and reducing overheads associated with the procurement process through adopting and implementing e-procurement systems and applications in the supply chain network of an organization. It is an obvious fact that e-procurement plays a vital role in managing the supply chain especially now that outsourcing has become very common in the business market environment around the world. The main purpose of our bachelor thesis work is to find out how e-procurement can contribute in creating value, reducing cost and gaining more profit out of the procurement process. Since this thesis report is meant to cover the available literature on procurement and e-procurement only limited areas of the supply chain management is presented.When it comes to methodologies, available literatures on procurement and e-procurement have been covered to extract the most plausible information and data related how e-procurement contributes in creating value and reducing costs and overheads in the supply chain management. First a framework of modern procurement processes and stages is given as a basis and then e-procurement is treated being the technologies and key factors in implementation of e-procurement.This thesis work tries to consolidate prevalent ideas as well as facts that have been tested by means of academic researches carried out by scholars of the field and interdisciplinary of industrial engineering. / Program: BSc in Industrial Engineering - International Business Engineering

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