Mon travail porte sur les relations qui existent entre le parti actuellement au pouvoir en Turquie, l'AKP, et la communauté alévie. Dans ce cadre, il se propose de définir sociologiquement et historiquement les caractéristiques de cette communauté et d'examiner l'attitude politique du gouvernement turc vis-à-vis des Alévis principalement depuis le processus dit "d'ouverture" / My work has to do with the relationship between the current ruling party in Turkey, the AKP, and the Alevi community. In this context, it proposes to define sociologically and historically the characteristics of this community and to examine the political attitude of the Turkish government towards the Alevis mainly since the so-called "open" process

The aim of this qualitative study was to attain an increased understanding as to how several upper-secondary school students perceived and experienced teachers using humour during classroom discourse. The study was based on the following questions: What does humour mean to the students? What are the forms of humour utilized by teachers? How do students perceive the use of humour with regards to learning processes? Are there recommendations and cautionary measures for teachers to consider when incorporating humour in teaching? Methodology used was a semi-structured interview of 13 questions. Participants consisted of six students aged 16 to 19 years. The length of the interviews varied between 20-35 minutes. Results of the interviews indicated that openness and understanding the unique sense of humour existing in each classroom, as well as self-confidence and a moderate use of humour, are necessary to effectively incorporate humorous text and anecdotes in lessons to facilitate learning processes. However, the study revealed that openness is pivotal in the construction and maintenance of positive learning climates. Students did not experience humour during ESL lessons, indicating a possible lack of contextual knowledge in language teaching practices.

Individuals expect openness in their romantic relationships, and this standard, known as the standard for openness, is the focus of this project. Currently, little empirical evidence describes what individuals do to deal with any dissatisfaction, anger, and disappointment they feel toward their partners and relationships when standards, such as that for openness, go unfulfilled (Boldero et al., 2009). Based on Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) theory of stress and coping, this project's purpose was to address limitations in existing research by exploring the stress elicited when the standard for openness goes unmet, identifying the coping strategies individuals engage in when faced with this stress, and assessing the consequences of coping efforts for individuals and their relationships over time. Individuals in newly dating relationships (N = 203) responded to weekly questionnaires over the course of six weeks. Findings from cross-sectional analyses of Week 1 data revealed that exiting and using humor partially mediated the relationship between the stress associated with unfulfilled openness standards and relational satisfaction, and escaping fully mediated the relationship between stress and relationship satisfaction. Further, exiting, modeling, escaping, and reframing partially mediated the relationship between the stress associated with unfulfilled openness standards and mental well-being. Longitudinal analyses using data from all six weeks failed to support predictions that relational satisfaction and mental well-being were related to discrepancies in the fulfillment of openness standards and stress the following week. / text

This dissertation investigates the casual relationship between trade openness and economic growth in a sample of 87 countries (developing & developed) during the period 1970-2013. According to the previous literature, the openness-growth relationship seems to be relatively unclear and inconclusive, although the general tendency is that openness has a positive impact on economic growth. Our empirical results confirm this ambiguous relationship and provide evidence which vary across model specification. Regarding of the per capita income regression for all countries, trade openness has a positive but not a robust impact on income, as the coefficient of openness is positive but at the same time insignificant. As far as growth regression is concerned, it seems that there is a positive relationship between openness and growth for all countries. More specific, for developing countries trade openness has a negative effect on income per capita and a positive one on income growth. On the other hand, a negative relationship between openness and income per capita and income growth presented in our results for developed countries.

One of the most important issues for states in the developing world is how to best reduce poverty. Do international or domestic factors matter more for poverty reduction? Does trade openness lead to increased or decreased poverty, or does the quality of domestic institutions decrease the level of poverty in a state? This thesis presents a straightforward analysis of these two explanations in the developing world. Using cross-sectional data from 1998 and 1999, I utilize ordinary least squares regression to estimate the general effects on state poverty levels of two concepts: trade openness and domestic institutions. I find that domestic institutions and level of development tend to decrease poverty in developing countries. Evidence for the link between trade openness and poverty is mixed. I then consider three additional concepts: capital openness, secure property rights, and foreign direct investment. When looking at these added international and domestic factors along with the original three, I find that capital openness and level of development have an impact on poverty reduction in the developing world, as does winning coalition size if it is given more than a year to take effect.

In 1984 David.A. Rose {3} asked the following question: When a surjection f : X →Y , is weak openness related to the condition Cl(f(U)) f(Cl(U)) for each open U X?. In this note we give an alternative answer to his question.

Esta tese, que provém de pesquisa etnográfica realizada entre os anos de 2013 e 2016 com um coletivo de cristãos que se concentram em um grupo de oração e uma comunidade católica na cidade de São Paulo/SP, tem como eixo o tema da libertação. O problema a que a tese se dedica é descrever um modo de existência no qual libertar não é se afastar, se separar, se emancipar, mas se vincular, se aproximar e se comprometer cada vez mais fortemente com Deus. Com base nas experiências desses católicos, proponho que a libertação não é um evento, mas a manutenção da caminhada com Deus. Em suma, trata-se de um percurso que não visa à liberdade e à autonomia do indivíduo, mas sim à aliança com a divindade. Esta incita a violência do demônio, que busca abrir uma brecha na abertura para Deus que é própria da libertação. A consideração do caráter comungatório da relação com a divindade e da oposição demoníaca a esse vínculo constitui o fio condutor da etnografia, que analisa suas reverberações nas seguintes instâncias: nos modos de falar; na filiação a Deus e em suas consequências no parentesco humano; na cura de mal-estares variados; nos modos de se relacionar com outras pessoas por meio da caridade; e na inevitabilidade da proliferação de intenções desconhecidas nos objetos que fazem parte do dia-a-dia. Todas elas me levam a postular que a onipresença de Deus (que está em tudo) e a quase onipresença do demônio (que pode estar em tudo) só são possíveis em um mundo cuja qualidade fundamental consiste em ser aberto. / This dissertation is an ethnographic study concerning the deliverance from demons among Christians who gather in a prayer group and/or are members of a Catholic community in São Paulo/SP, Brazil. Based on fieldwork developed between 2013 and 2016, its aim is to describe a mode of existence in which to deliver is not to ditch, to separate, or to emancipate, but rather to attach, to become closer, and to commit oneself ever more intensely to God. Predicated on this, I argue that deliverance is not an event, but a life-long commitment to walk with God. Consequently, it is not a path towards individual freedom and autonomy: it is devoted to strenghten the alliance with divinity and, therefore, instigates the Devils efforts to open a breach in the persons openness to God. The communion with God and the demoniacal opposition to it are the thrust of the ethnography, which analyzes its reverberations in the following instances: the ways of speaking; the parental relationship with God and its consequences for human kinship; the cure of various types of malaise; the relationships established through charity work; and the unavoidable presence of unknown intentions in objects that are part of daily life. These analytical steps converge to the proposition that Gods omnipresence (in everything) and the Devils quasi-omnipresence (in almost everything) can only be possible in a world whose defining quality is being open.

This thesis focuses on creating an application that allows generation of PLC and HMI programs using TIA Openness. The application is programmed to separate logic from graphics, which is beneficial in case of a change of the visuals of the application. Generating programs is possible thanks to the XML transcription or by creating a configuration within the application guide. The generating is done by overwriting source XML files contained in the application library according to the selected configuration. The application was created with Framework Windows Forms in C#. A reference set of device modules has been created for PLC and HMI in the development environment of TIA Portal V15.1. The source XML files, on the basis of which the generating is carried out, were then obtained by exporting a reference set and placed into the application library. With a simulation tool Factory I/O and S-7 PLCSIM it was verified that the generated program is, thanks to the mapping of variables on pins of blocks, fully functional in manual mode. At the same time it was proved that it is possible to generate programs for different devices which signifies the versatile use of this application. The contribution of this work is the significant reduction of time when creating new PLC and HMI programs.

Faculty of Humanities. School of Humanities and Communitiy Development. 0214946y tespsuch@yahoo.com / The five-factor model (FFM) of personality has established itself as the predominant model of personality trait structure (Digman, 1990). The NEO-PI-R has been used as one of the most useful FFM measures. Its reliability and validity has been approved through out the world and this study sought to explore the utility of the NEO-PI-R in the Eritrean context as well by translating the NEO-PI-R English version into Tigrigna language. Reliability and validity analyses were considered and an effort was also made to establish Eritrean norms. The descriptive statistics, norms and reliability co-efficients obtained in this study were not exactly similar to the USA sample, and this was not surprising having cultural difference, however, it was quite satisfactory as a pioneer study in Eritrean context. The scree plot showed that five factors could be extracted in this study. These findings lend support to an extent to the cross-cultural applicability of the instrument. In addition evidence of face, and content validity explorations indicated that this instrument was valid across cultures. Further evidence from inter-group comparisons across variables like age, gender, and level of education supports this argument. However, since the sample size and composition were problematic, there was question in the norming. As a whole the study suggested that NEO-PI-R could make a contribution in the Eritrean context as an initial personality assessment instrument.

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