I samband med operation exponeras patientens kropp för att kunna genomföra ett ingrepp och det är operationssjuksköterskans uppgift att bevara patientens kroppsliga integritet. Det finns dock inga tydliga riktlinjer för detta och kan vara en svår utmaning för operationssjuksköterskor. Syftet med studien var att beskriva operationssjuksköterskors erfarenheter av hur de bevarar patientens kroppsliga integritet. Kvalitativ ansats med intervjuer som datainsamlingsmetod valdes för att beskriva operationssjuksköterskors erfarenheter inom området. Urvalet bestod av nio operationssjuksköterskor fördelade på fyra sjukhus inom tre län. Datamaterialet analyserades enligt en kvalitativ innehållsanalys och resulterade i sju subkategorier under en och samma kategori. Operationssjuksköterskorna beskrev begreppet integritet som en människas personliga sfär och att varje enskild patients integritet bevaras genom individanpassad vård. Skydda patientens kroppsliga integritet kan göras genom att skyla kroppen och undvika obehöriga blickar, men samtidigt finns faktorer som försvårar bevarandet av patientens kroppsliga integritet. En kombination av professionalism och empati menar operationssjuksköterskorna leder dem till att bevara patientens kroppsliga integritet där patientrelationen är viktig men av olika skäl kan utebli. Slutsatsen av resultatet är att patientrelationen är viktig för att kunna inhämta den information operationssjuksköterskan behöver för att kunna bevara patientens kroppsliga integritet. / During a surgery the patient’s body is exposed in order to carry out the surgery and it is the operating room nurse’s main task to care for and to protect the patient’s bodily integrity. However, at this time there are no clear guidelines on how to treat this subject and it can be a difficult challenge for the nurses. The purpose of this study was to describe the operating room nurses experiences of how they best protect the patient's bodily integrity. A qualitative approach with interviews and data collection methods was chosen to describe the operating room nurses' experiences in the field. The sample consisted of nine surgical nurses, spread across four hospitals in three counties. The data was analyzed according to a qualitative content analysis and resulted into seven sub-categories under the same category. Operating room nurses described the concept of integrity as a human's personal space, and that each patient’s integrity is maintained through individualized care. Protecting the patient’s bodily integrity can be done by covering the body and preventing unauthorized eyes but there are factors that can for different reasons make this difficult. The operating room nurses think that a combination of professionalism and empathy leads them to maintain the patient's bodily integrity where patient relationship is important, but for various reasons may be compromised. The conclusions from the result is that the patient relationship is important in order to obtain the information that the operating room nurse needs to be able to protect the patient's bodily integrity.

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) integrate sensing, computing, communication and actuation capabilities to monitor and control operations in the physical environment. A key requirement of such systems is the need to provide predictable real-time performance: the timing correctness of the system should be analyzable at design time with a quantitative metric and guaranteed at runtime with high assurance. This requirement of predictability is particularly important for safety-critical domains such as automobiles, aerospace, defense, manufacturing and medical devices. The work in this dissertation focuses on the challenges arising from the use of modern multi-core platforms in CPS. Even as of today, multi-core platforms are rarely used in safety-critical applications primarily due to the temporal interference caused by contention on various resources shared among processor cores, such as caches, memory buses, and I/O devices. Such interference is hard to predict and can significantly increase task execution time, e.g., up to 12 commodity quad-core platforms. To address the problem of ensuring timing predictability on multi-core platforms, we develop novel analytical and systems techniques in this dissertation. Our proposed techniques theoretically bound temporal interference that tasks may suffer from when accessing shared resources. Our techniques also involve software primitives and algorithms for real-time operating systems and hypervisors, which significantly reduce the degree of the temporal interference. Specifically, we tackle the issues of cache and memory contention, locking and synchronization, interrupt handling, and access control for computational accelerators such as general-purpose graphics processing units (GPGPUs), all of which are crucial to achieving predictable real-time performance on a modern multi-core platform. Our solutions are readily applicable to commodity multi-core platforms, and can be used not only for developing new systems but also migrating existing applications from single-core to multi-core platforms.

The focus of this thesis is to theoretically and experimentally investigate two new schemes of synchronizing chaotic attractors using chaotically operating diode resonators. The first method, called synchronization using control, is shown for the first time to experimentally synchronize dynamical systems. This method is an economical scheme which can be viably applied to low dimensional dynamical systems. The other, unidirectional coupling, is a straightforward means of synchronization which can be implemented in fast dynamical systems where timing is critical. Techniques developed in this work are of fundamental importance for future problems regarding high dimensional chaotic dynamical systems or arrays of mutually linked chaotically operating elements.

This thesis compares the file organization techniques that are implemented on two different types of computer systems, the large-scale and the small-scale. File organizations from representative computers in each class are examined in detail: the IBM System/370 (OS/370) and the Harris 1600 Distributed Processing System with the Extended Communications Operating System (ECOS). In order to establish the basic framework for comparison, an introduction to file organizations is presented. Additionally, the functional requirements for file organizations are described by their characteristics and user demands. Concluding remarks compare file organization techniques and discuss likely future developments of file systems.

Purpose: The purpose was to assess and understand operating room (OR) utilization and efficiency in a pediatric dental residency program. Methods: A retrospective study was performed using chart extraction from 778 patients completed by both pediatric dentistry faculty (n=7) and residents (n=17) in an ambulatory care setting over a 32 month period (between July 2010 and March 2013). Patterns in OR usage time were determined by documenting various timing metrics (start and stop times for anesthesia, start and stop times for the dental procedure, times for throat pack in and out), noting patient information (age and ASA patient classification status), and creating variables by grouping data by clinical provider type and dental procedure. OR usage time was analyzed using multiple regression to estimate the per-tooth or per-mouth time for each type of procedure. Results: The median procedure time was 75 minutes (range= 1 to 517 minutes). Multiple regression indicated that for the average patient, a faculty member took 63.8 minutes (95% CI = 60.8 to 66.7 minutes) and a resident took 81.9 minutes (95% CI = 78.7 to 85.0 minutes, P<.0001).These results demonstrate that the appropriate scheduling of operating room should be based on the proficiency level of provider as well as the complexity of the dental procedure. Conclusion: This study concludes that pediatric dental operating room planning and scheduling in teaching hospitals should take into account real constraints such as residents’ level of training and skill.

Increasing freshwater scarcity is making reclamation of wastewater effluent more economically attractive as a means of preserving freshwater resources. The use of an integrated membrane system (IMS), the combination of micro/ultra-filtration (MF/UF) followed by reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, represents a key process for municipal wastewater reuse. A major drawback of such systems is the fouling of both the MF/UF and RO membranes. The water to be treated by the IMS system varies from one wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) to another, and its fouling propensity changes correspondingly. It is thus preferable to conduct pilot trials before implementing a full-scale plant. This thesis aims to look at the sustainability of IMS technology dedicated to indirect potable reuse (IPR) in terms of fouling minimisation and cost via a 600 m3 .d- 1 pilot plant. Wastewater reuse plants, using IMS, as well as statistical methods for membrane optimisation were reviewed. Box-Behnken design was used to define optimum operating envelopes of the pilot plant for both the microfiltration and the reverse osmosis in terms of fouling minimisation. Same statistical method was used to enhance the efficiency of the MF cleaning-in place through bench-scale test. Data from the pilot plant MF process allow to determine relationship between reversible and irreversible fouling, and operating parameters and feed water quality. Life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) of the both trains (MF/RO/AOP and MF/AOP) of the pilot plant was performed and compared with the LCCA of two full-scale plant.

This Master thesis deals with mobile technologies used for teaching and for management of schools. The theoretical part attempts to define the phenomenon of m- technologies and specifies both the determinate forms and the effects of the innovation when applied to education. The research portion carried out at primary schools by way of a qualitative survey and an interview examines the degree of readiness and the extent of the use of m-technologies with regard to the constructed school infrastructure and to the professional skill of teachers associated with it. Management of a school will get valuable information about the risks related to the introduction of the new technology and, in form of a guide, it will learn how to prepare a project and what to follow while creating the appropriate infrastructure at a school.

This Master thesis deals with mobile technologies used for teaching and for management of schools. The theoretical part attempts to define the phenomenon of m-technologies and specifies both its determinate forms and its effects when applied to education. The research portion carried out at primary schools by way of a qualitative survey examines the state of m-technologies used at elementary schools and the degree of engagement of the school headmasters and ICT specialists (respondents). It presents an example of a positive experience in the use of m-technologies at schools in the video study. The Master thesis includes a guide of the m-technologies used at schools.

Introduktion: Operationssjuksköterskan ansvarar för en god och patientsäker perioperativ omvårdnad. Preoperativ personcentrerad information är en förutsättning för att kunna tillgodose patientens unika behov och främja kontinuitet i vården. Patientens individuella riskfaktorer är väsentligt för operationssjuksköterskan att känna till för att kunna förebygga vårdskador och genomföra en patientsäker perioperativ vård. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva operationssjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att inhämta information för att skapa patientkännedom i den perioperativa vården. Metod: En kvalitativ studiedesign med en induktiv ansats tillämpades. Tio operationssjuksköterskor på ett länssjukhus i Sverige intervjuades. Intervjuerna spelades in och transkriberades i sin helhet. Innehållsanalys valdes som metod för dataanalys. Resultat: Två generiska kategorier framkom: Ta del av skriftlig information om patienten och Det preoperativa mötet med patienten. Dessa bildar tillsammans den övergripande huvudkategorin Förutsättning för personcentrerad och patientsäker perioperativ vård. Till den generiska kategorin Ta del av skriftlig information om patienten hör subkategorierna Att inhämta grundläggande kunskap och Att prioritera och ta vara på möjligheter. Till den generiska kategorin Det preoperativa mötet med patienten hör subkategorierna Att träffa och tala med patienten och Att skapa förutsättningar för samtal. Konklusion: Resultatet bidrar med fördjupade kunskaper kring vad som är väsentligt att veta om patienten i den perioperativa vården och varför det är viktig information, utifrån operationssjuksköterskans perspektiv. Både skriftlig information och ett preoperativt möte med patienten behövs för att skapa förutsättning för personcentrerad och patientsäker perioperativ vård. Resultatet tyder på att det behövs ett förändrat arbetssätt för att möjliggöra skapandet av god kännedom om varje enskild patient och på så sätt öka patientsäkerheten. / Introduction: The operating room nurse is responsible for a good and safe perioperative care. Preoperative person-centered information is a prerequisite to meet the patient´s unique needs and promote continuity of care. The patient´s individual risk factors are essential for the operating room nurse to know in order to prevent hospital acquired injuries and to accomplish safe perioperative care. Aim: The aim was to describe operating room nurses´ experiences of obtaining information to create knowledge of the patient in perioperative care. Method: A qualitative study with an inductive approach was conducted. Ten operating room nurses at a hospital in Sweden were interviewed. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. Content analysis was chosen as the method of data analysis. Result: Two generic categories emerged: Read written information about the patient and The preoperative meeting with the patient. These generic categories together form the main category Prerequisite for person-centered and safe perioperative care. The generic category Read written information about the patient includes the subcategories To acquire basic knowledge and To prioritize and to seize opportunities. The generic category The preoperative meeting with the patient includes the subcategories To meet and talk with the patient and To create conditions for conversation. Conclusion: The findings contribute to a deeper knowledge of what is essential to know about the patient in perioperative care and why this is important information, from the operating room nurse´s perspective. Both written information and a preoperative meeting with the patient are required to create prerequisite for person-centered and safe perioperative care. The results indicate a need of change in the way of working to enable good knowledge of each patient, and thereby increase patient safety in perioperative care.

Ten slides in pocket. / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries