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In this study, four different chromatographic column chemistries (octadecylsilane/ C18, pentafluorophenyl/ PFP, octadecylated polystyrene-divinylbenzene/ PRP and underivatized silica/ HILIC) were compared under optimal conditions to evaluate the relative strengths and weaknesses of the phases for use in the determination of pain management drugs by LC-MS. Furthermore, different column scaffoldings, traditional silica, porous shell, and porous polymer, were also compared. The drugs included in this study included buprenorphine, fentanyl, methadone, naloxone, oxycodone, and tramadol. Factors such as peak area, peak resolution, theoretical plates, and reproducibility were compared among the columns and analytes using a 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Because of the lipophilic nature of these drugs, the C18 columns tended to offer the best performance; however, PFP and PRP columns were viable alternatives. Finally, HILIC separation was also suitable for most of the compounds under study; often providing higher peak areas (sensitivity) likely associated with higher organic (% B) conditions, thus favoring mass spectrometric detection. To our knowledge, this is the first study to explore viability of other non-C18 stationary phases such as PRP and HILIC for this drug class.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-08-30Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:10:41Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 dias_bp_me_araca.pdf: 394360 bytes, checksum: 6ce31366bd34a531d11d750f0d95e3ed (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos hemogasométricos, cardiorrespiratórios, qualidade da recuperação, alterações na motilidade gastrointestinal e cortisol plasmático de equinos submetidos à orquiectomia e anestesiados com isofluorano associado à infusão continua de butorfanol. Foram utilizados doze equinos adultos, distribuídos em dois grupos dois grupos, butorfanol (GB) e controle (GC). Os animais foram pré-medicados com xilazina, induzidos com quetamina associada ao midazolam e mantidos com isofluorano. Ao GB foi administrado butorfanol (0, 025 mg/kg IV) em bolus seguido de por infusão continua do fármaco (13µg/kg/h). As observações das variáveis foram feitas no momento basal e a cada 15 minutos por 75 minutos. Foi constatada redução na FC no M45 e M75 no GC e no M45 e M60 no GB comparados ao M0. A PAS, no GC, aumentou no M30 e M45 comparado ao M0. Já a PAD e PAM aumentaram em ambos os grupos quando comparadas ao valor basal. Houve redução da motilidade gastrointestinal por 60 minutos no GB. Foi observada elevação do cortisol plasmático em M60 e T30 em relação ao M0 em ambos os grupos. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que a infusão contínua de butorfanol em equinos anestesiados pelo isofluorano promove discreta redução na motilidade gastrointestinal / The aim of this study was to evaluate the blood gases, cardiorespiratory effects, quality of recovery, changes in intestinal motility and plasma cotisol in isoflurane-anesthetized horses associated to continuous rate infusion of butorphanol and submitted to orchiectomy. Twelve adult horses distributed into two groups (BG) and control group (CG). The animals were premedicated with xylazine, induced with ketamine combined with midazolam and maintained with isoflurane. In the BG, butorphanol (0.025 mg-1 kg-1 IV) was administered followed by continuous rate infusion (13µg-1kg-1hour) of the opiod. Observations of the variables were carried out at baseline and every 15 minutes during 75 minutes. Reduction in HR was observed in M45 and M75 in the CG and M45 and M60 in BG compared to M0. The SAP increased in the CG at M30 and M45 compared to M0 whereas DAP and MAP increased in both groups compared to baseline. PaO2 and RT decreased over time in both groups. There was a reduction of gastrointestinal motility by 60 minutes in GB. And plasma cortisol was higher in M60 and T30 than M0 in both groups. The results allow conclude that the continuous rate infusion of butorphanol in horses anesthetized with isoflurane a modest intestinal motility reduction

Orientador: Paulo Sérgio Patto dos Santos / Banca: Newton Nunes / Banca: Valéria Nobre Leal de Souza Oliva / Resumo: Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos hemogasométricos, cardiorrespiratórios, qualidade da recuperação, alterações na motilidade gastrointestinal e cortisol plasmático de equinos submetidos à orquiectomia e anestesiados com isofluorano associado à infusão continua de butorfanol. Foram utilizados doze equinos adultos, distribuídos em dois grupos dois grupos, butorfanol (GB) e controle (GC). Os animais foram pré-medicados com xilazina, induzidos com quetamina associada ao midazolam e mantidos com isofluorano. Ao GB foi administrado butorfanol (0, 025 mg/kg IV) em bolus seguido de por infusão continua do fármaco (13µg/kg/h). As observações das variáveis foram feitas no momento basal e a cada 15 minutos por 75 minutos. Foi constatada redução na FC no M45 e M75 no GC e no M45 e M60 no GB comparados ao M0. A PAS, no GC, aumentou no M30 e M45 comparado ao M0. Já a PAD e PAM aumentaram em ambos os grupos quando comparadas ao valor basal. Houve redução da motilidade gastrointestinal por 60 minutos no GB. Foi observada elevação do cortisol plasmático em M60 e T30 em relação ao M0 em ambos os grupos. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que a infusão contínua de butorfanol em equinos anestesiados pelo isofluorano promove discreta redução na motilidade gastrointestinal / Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the blood gases, cardiorespiratory effects, quality of recovery, changes in intestinal motility and plasma cotisol in isoflurane-anesthetized horses associated to continuous rate infusion of butorphanol and submitted to orchiectomy. Twelve adult horses distributed into two groups (BG) and control group (CG). The animals were premedicated with xylazine, induced with ketamine combined with midazolam and maintained with isoflurane. In the BG, butorphanol (0.025 mg-1 kg-1 IV) was administered followed by continuous rate infusion (13µg-1kg-1hour) of the opiod. Observations of the variables were carried out at baseline and every 15 minutes during 75 minutes. Reduction in HR was observed in M45 and M75 in the CG and M45 and M60 in BG compared to M0. The SAP increased in the CG at M30 and M45 compared to M0 whereas DAP and MAP increased in both groups compared to baseline. PaO2 and RT decreased over time in both groups. There was a reduction of gastrointestinal motility by 60 minutes in GB. And plasma cortisol was higher in M60 and T30 than M0 in both groups. The results allow conclude that the continuous rate infusion of butorphanol in horses anesthetized with isoflurane a modest intestinal motility reduction / Mestre