Honey bees, Apis mellifera Linn., provide vital economic and ecological services via pollination while concurrently facing multiple interconnected stressors impacting their health. Many crops like apples, peaches, and cherries that add diversity and nutrition to our diet are wholly or partially dependent upon the pollination services of insects. Orchard crops are self-incompatible and commonly regarded as crops reliant on the pollination services of insects, and while previous studies have focused on the impact of bees to orchard crops during bloom, fewer studies have examined the reciprocal relationship of the orchards on honey bees, particularly across the entire foraging season. Here we investigated the foraging dynamics of honey bees in an orchard crop environment in Northern Virginia, United States. We decoded, mapped, and analyzed 3,710 waggle dances, which communicate the location of a valuable resource in the environment, for two full foraging seasons (April-October, 2018-2019), and, concurrent to the dance filming, collected pollen from returning foragers. We found that bees forage locally the majority of the time (< 2 km) throughout the season, with some long-range distances occurring in May after bloom (both 2018 and 2019) and in fall (2019). The shortest communicated median distances (0.50 km and 0.53 km), indicating abundant food availability, occurred during September in both years, paralleling the bloom of an important late season resource, goldenrod (Solidago). We determined, through plotting and analyzing the communicated forage locations and from the collected pollen from returning foragers, that honey bees forage more within apple orchards after the bloom (29.4% and 28.5% foraging) compared to during bloom (18.6% and 21.4% foraging) on the understory of clover and plantain. This post bloom foraging also exposes honey bees to the highest concentration of pesticides across the entire foraging season (2322.89 ppb pesticides versus 181.8 during bloom, 569.84 in late summer, and 246.24 in fall). Therefore, post bloom apple orchards supply an abundance of forage, but also the highest risk of pesticide exposure, which may have important implications for management decisions of bees in orchards. / Master of Science in Life Sciences / Honey bee hives have been declining significantly in the United States, driven by a multitude of issues and stressors including pesticide exposure, disease, pests such as varroa mites, and poor nutrition caused by natural land being converted into development or agriculture. Agricultural landscapes, in particular, are often monocultures are saturated with pesticides creating a potentially hazardous environment, yet reliant on bees to provide pollination for crops. Because of this interconnected relationship between bees and flowers and the effects of stressors agricultural systems cause have with pollinators, it is necessary to understand how honey bees forage in these environments and what potential health risks they face. We investigated honey bees foraging dynamics in an apple orchard in Northern Virginia, United States by observing honey bee waggle dance behavior, where bees literally waggle back and forth for a certain time and at a certain angle telling their nestmates where a resource is, and collecting pollen from returning forager bees to better understand when, where, and upon what honey bees forage throughout the foraging season, which is when flowers are available and the weather warm enough (April – October). We found that bees mostly forage locally near the hive throughout the season, indicating that sufficient amount of food was available even after short bloom time of the apple (April to mid-May). We determined, through plotting and analyzing the waggle dance locations, that honey bees forage more within apple orchards after the bloom on mostly clover and plantain. This abundance of post bloom foraging also exposes honey bees to the highest amounts of pesticides across the entire foraging season. Post bloom apple orchards supply an abundance of forage, but also the highest risk of pesticide exposure to honey bees.

The effects of three fertilization rates of N (0, 112 and 224 kg/ha) as ammonium nitrate and S (0, 34, and 67 kg/ha) as calcium sulphate on yield, chemical composition, digestibility and palatability of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) , were studied in a field experiment. Treatments were applied in a randomized block design with a 3x3 factorial arrangement of treatments with four replications. Hay was harvested on 18 Aug. 1982 and fed to sheep in metabolism trials. One half of the initial amount of fertilizer was reapplied and forage was stockpiled. Stockpiled growth was ensiled on 6 Nov. 1982 and was fed to sheep in palatability trials. Fertilizer was reapplied at the initial rates on 27 Apr. 1983 and yield and mineral concentrations were determined on 6 June 1983. Dry matter yield increased in response to N (P<0.01). Nitrogen fertilization decreased NDF (P<0.05) ADF, cellulose (P<0.01) and total S (P<0.01) and increased nitrate-N (P<0.01) in hay and stockpiled growth. In stockpiled growth S increased ADF ( P<0.05) and cellulose quadratically ( P<0.001) at the 34 kg/ha rate. Sulphur increased ( P<0.05) No₃-N in hay but decreased (P<0.05) it in stockpiled growth. The N:S ratio was increased (P<0.01) by N fertilization and decreased (P<0.05) by S fertilization. Nitrogen and S had a quadratic effect (P<0.0001) on lactic acid and water-soluble carbohydrates in silage. Digestibility or palatability of silage was not influenced by N or S. / Master of Science

The effects of red clover (Trifolium pratense, L.), three levels of N (0, 224 and 448 kg•ha⁻1•yr⁻1, as a split application) and two levels of S (0 and 34 kg•ha⁻1•yr ) on the chemical composition and dry matter digestibility of an orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata, L.) sward were studied. The treatments were replicated three times in a randomized block design with a split-plot arrangement of treatments. Crude protein content, in vitro dry matter digestibility and dry matter yield were increased (P<. 01) with increasing levels of N. Increasing levels of N decreased (P<.05) S content of orchardgrass. The inclusion of red clover did not have any significant effect on the components analyzed, probably due to a low proportion of red clover (approximately 8%) in the mixed sward. Application of S increased ( P<.05) the S content of orchardgrass and decreased N-to-S ratio at all levels of N application. Application of S increased (P<.05) the crude protein and in vitro dry matter digestibility, whereas neutral detergent fiber, lignin and hemicellulose were decreased (P<. 05). Nitrogen fertilization had a quadratic effect (P<.05) on in vivo digestibility of dry matter, acid detergent fiber and hemicellulose and a linear effect (P<.001) on apparent digestibility of crude protein. Inclusion of red clover increased (P<.01) in vivo digestibility of dry matter and hemicellulose, and decreased (P<.01) digestibility of acid detergent fiber and lignin. Application of S had no direct effect on in vivo digestibility of orchardgrass. A linear interaction (P<.01) between N and S was observed for dry matter and crude protein digestibility. Rumen fluid ammonia-N was increased (P<.05) and butyric acid concentration was decreased (P<.05) linearly by N fertilization. / Master of Science

Le jardin constitue un angle d'approche des complexes habitables et des paysages, autant que de la société d'Ancien Régime. Durant le Grand Siècle, trois générations de la famille d'Espinose et de leurs alliés, qu'elles soient issues de la bourgeoisie ou de la noblesse, ont occupé et investi, dans la moitié orientale de l'ancienne province bretonne, des jardins de ville et de campagne. Ces enclaves ont cherché à répondre au mieux aux logiques du milieu dans lequel elles prenaient place. Urbaine ou rurale, leur implantation au sein du domaine répondait à des exigences esthétiques, sociales, économiques et techniques. Une des pierres angulaires du domaine foncier et de sa gestion, les jardins sont également le reflet d'une évolution des goûts et, à ce titre, sujets à des transformations. Les marques du temps et la situation des propriétaires s'y dessinent, offrant des signes visibles du prestige d'une famille, comme de ses difficultés. Ainsi, le jardin, lieu de promenade et de cultures horticoles, s'impose autant comme l'expression d'un savoir que d'un statut social. / The garden enables one to approach dwelling places and landscapes as well as society of the Ancient Régime. During the Grand Siècle, three generations of the Espinose family and their relations, whether the latter are descended from the bourgeoisie or the nobility, have put their stamp on gardens in town or in the countryside in the eastern part of ancient Brittany. These enclosed areas have tried to meet at best the logical requirements of their environment. Whether in town or in the countryside, the garden of the estate met aesthetic, social, economic and technical requirements. And as the cornerstone of the landed property and its management, the garden also reflects an evolution in tastes, and therefore is liable to mutations. The marks of time and the status of the owners are apparent, with obvious signs of the prestige and/or the difficulties of the family. Thus the garden as a place where to take walks or grow flowers and plants is the expression of a knowledge as well as of a social status.

Submitted by Deyse Queiroz (deysequeirozz@hotmail.com) on 2018-06-01T13:47:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SAMIRES DO NASCIMENTO SILVA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2014..pdf: 973646 bytes, checksum: 270edb29910dc87c2a25e82051b0f47a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-01T13:47:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SAMIRES DO NASCIMENTO SILVA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2014..pdf: 973646 bytes, checksum: 270edb29910dc87c2a25e82051b0f47a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09 / A preocupação com a qualidade do solo tem crescido à medida que seu uso e mobilização intensiva passaram a resultar em diminuição da sua capacidade produtiva e sustentável ao longo dos anos. Objetivou-se com o trabalho avaliar a qualidade de solo em pomar de mangueiras (Mangífera indica L.) var. Tommy atkins adubadas com fontes orgânicas no semiárido paraibano, por meio dos atributos químicos, físicos e biológicos do solo. O experimento foi conduzido no Setor de Fruticultura do IFPB Campus Sousa, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com oito tratamentos e três repetições, totalizando 24 unidades experimentais. Realizou-se a coleta de solo, em outubro de 2013, na profundidade 0-20 cm, em cada unidade experimental. Para os atributos químicos foram avaliados: o pH em água, a condutividade elétrica no extrato 1:5; os teores de Ca+2, Mg+2, Na+, K+ trocáveis e P assimilável e os teores de carbono total e estimou-se os valores de: saturação por base e percentagem de sódio trocável. Com os teores de carbono total, obtiveram-se os teores de matéria orgânica. Quanto aos atributos físicos avaliou-se: os teores de areia, silte e argila, o grau de floculação, densidade de partículas, densidade do solo e a porosidade total. Os atributos biológicos avaliados foram: ocorrência e densidade de microrganismos, respiração edáfica, C da biomassa e quociente metabólico. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas estatisticamente para os atributos químicos e físicos indicadores da qualidade do solo. Os maiores valores observados para o quociente metabólico foram para o esterco de aves e para o composto orgânico. A análise de componentes principais possibilitou a visualização conjunta dos atributos químicos, físicos e biológicos, verificando como os atributos foram afetados pela presença ou ausência de fontes orgânicas. / Concern for soil quality has grown as its use and intensive mobilization began to result in a decrease of its productive capacity and sustainable over the years. The objective of the study was to evaluate the quality of soil in an orchard of mango (Mangifera indica L.) var. Tommy atkins fertilized with organic sources in semiarid Paraiba, through chemical, physical and biological soil properties. The experiment was conducted at the Department of Fruit Crops IFPB Campus Sousa, in a completely randomized design with eight treatments and three replications, totaling 24 experimental units. Held the soil collected in October 2013 at 0-20 cm depth in each experimental unit. For chemical attributes were evaluated: pH, electrical conductivity extract 1: 5; the Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+ and exchangeable P assimilable and the contents of total carbon and estimated the values of: base saturation and exchangeable sodium percentage. With the levels of total carbon, obtained the contents of organic matter. As for physical attributes is evaluated: the proportions of sand, silt and clay, the degree of flocculation, particle density, bulk density and total porosity. The biological attributes evaluated were: occurrence and density of microorganisms, soil respiration, biomass C and metabolic quotient. No statistically significant differences were found for physical and chemical indicators of soil quality attributes. The highest values were observed for the metabolic quotient were for poultry manure and organic compost. The principal component analysis allowed the joint visualization of chemical, physical and biological attributes, checking how the attributes were affected by the presence or absence of organic sources.

Orchards demand large areas of land, thus they are often situated far from major population centres. As a result it is often difficult to obtain the necessary personnel, limiting both growth and productivity. However, if autonomous robots could be integrated into the operation of the orchard, the manpower demand could be reduced. A key problem for any autonomous robot is localisation; how does the robot know where it is? In agriculture robots, the most common approach is to use GPS positioning. However, in an orchard environment, the dense and tall vegetation restricts the usage to large robots that reach above the surroundings. In order to enable the use of smaller robots, it is instead necessary to use a GPS independent system. However, due to the similarity of the environment and the lack of strong recognisable features, it appears unlikely that typical non-GPS solutions will prove successful. Therefore we present a GPS independent localisation system, specifically aimed for orchards, that utilises the inherent structure of the surroundings. Furthermore, we examine and individually evaluate three related sub-problems. The proposed system utilises a 3D point cloud created from a 2D LIDAR and the robot’s movement. First, we show how the data can be segmented into individual trees using a Hidden Semi-Markov Model. Second, we introduce a set of descriptors for describing the geometric characteristics of the individual trees. Third, we present a robust localisation method based on Hidden Markov Models. Finally, we propose a method for detecting segmentation errors when associating new tree measurements with previously measured trees. Evaluation shows that the proposed segmentation method is accurate and yields very few segmentation errors. Furthermore, the introduced descriptors are determined to be consistent and informative enough to allow localisation. Third, we show that the presented localisation method is robust both to noise and segmentation errors. Finally it is shown that a significant majority of all segmentation errors can be detected without falsely labeling correct segmentations as incorrect. / Eftersom fruktodlingar kräver stora markområden är de ofta belägna långt från större befolkningscentra. Detta gör det svårt att finna tillräckligt med arbetskraft och begränsar expansionsmöjligheterna. Genom att integrera autonoma robotar i drivandet av odlingarna skulle arbetet kunna effektiviseras och behovet av arbetskraft minska. Ett nyckelproblem för alla autonoma robotar är lokalisering; hur vet roboten var den är? I jordbruksrobotar är standardlösningen att använda GPS-positionering. Detta är dock problematiskt i fruktodlingar, då den höga och täta vegetationen begränsar användandet till större robotar som når ovanför omgivningen. För att möjliggöra användandet av mindre robotar är det istället nödvändigt att använda ett GPS-oberoende lokaliseringssystem. Detta problematiseras dock av den likartade omgivningen och bristen på distinkta riktpunkter, varför det framstår som osannolikt att existerande standardlösningar kommer fungera i denna omgivning. Därför presenterar vi ett GPS-oberoende lokaliseringssystem, speciellt riktat mot fruktodlingar, som utnyttjar den naturliga strukturen hos omgivningen.Därutöver undersöker vi och utvärderar tre relaterade delproblem. Det föreslagna systemet använder ett 3D-punktmoln skapat av en 2D-LIDAR och robotens rörelse. Först visas hur en dold semi-markovmodell kan användas för att segmentera datasetet i enskilda träd. Därefter introducerar vi ett antal deskriptorer för att beskriva trädens geometriska form. Vi visar därefter hur detta kan kombineras med en dold markovmodell för att skapa ett robust lokaliseringssystem.Slutligen föreslår vi en metod för att detektera segmenteringsfel när nya mätningar av träd associeras med tidigare uppmätta träd. De föreslagna metoderna utvärderas individuellt och visar på goda resultat. Den föreslagna segmenteringsmetoden visas vara noggrann och ge upphov till få segmenteringsfel. Därutöver visas att de introducerade deskriptorerna är tillräckligt konsistenta och informativa för att möjliggöra lokalisering. Ytterligare visas att den presenterade lokaliseringsmetoden är robust både mot brus och segmenteringsfel. Slutligen visas att en signifikant majoritet av alla segmenteringsfel kan detekteras utan att felaktigt beteckna korrekta segmenteringar som inkorrekta.

Submitted by Camila Motta Marin Bernardi (camilamottamarinbernardi@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-06-26T11:17:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 BERNARDI_Camila_dr_2018.pdf: 3698349 bytes, checksum: 0e2aa782c8b7790334ec9ecc10d8b3d1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Cristina Alexandra de Godoy null (cristina@adm.feis.unesp.br) on 2018-06-26T16:58:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 bernardi_cmm_dr_ilha.pdf: 3698349 bytes, checksum: 0e2aa782c8b7790334ec9ecc10d8b3d1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-26T16:58:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 bernardi_cmm_dr_ilha.pdf: 3698349 bytes, checksum: 0e2aa782c8b7790334ec9ecc10d8b3d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-27 / Neste estudo objetivou-se estimar parâmetros genéticos e estatísticos para caracteres quantitativos nos primeiros seis anos de crescimento de progênies de Eucalyptus grandis em sistema silvipastoril; comparar a produtividade, estabilidade e adaptabilidade das progênies em diferentes idades e mensurar a produção de forragem e as características morfológicas e bromatológicas do capim Urochloa decumbens cv. Basilisk em crescimento livre no sub-bosque das árvores. Foram mensurados a altura (ALT), diâmetro a altura do peito (DAP) e sobrevivência (SOB), aos 2, 3, 4, 5, e 6 anos após o plantio. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados desbalanceados com 150 tratamentos (147 progênies de Eucalyptus grandis e três clones comerciais: C041H, P4295H e H15), 26 repetições e uma planta por parcela, no espaçamento de 2,0 x 2,5 x 4,0 m. Para avaliação do capim foram coletadas amostras da área abaixo e entre as linhas duplas de E. grandis. Na análise individual, os clones comerciais tiveram praticamente 100% de seus indivíduos entre os primeiros 250 classificados, as progênies 25 e 162 apresentaram número significativo de indivíduos nesta classificação. Em relação a classificação dos genitores, ao longo dos anos, os clones C041H e H15 sempre ficaram entre as primeiras posições. Mas as progênies 25 e 162 superaram o clone P4295H nos caracteres ALT, DAP e VOL, com correlação alta e positiva entre os anos para ALT e DAP (>0,74). Houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos no decorrer dos anos de avaliação para os caracteres mensurados. Na análise conjunta para estabilidade, adaptabilidade e produtividade, as progênies 25, 162, 163 e 6 ficaram muito próximas a materiais comerciais (H15 e C041H) e tiveram maior estabilidade, adaptabilidade e produtividade em relação ao clone testemunha P4295H para o caráter DAP. A correlação entre os valores genéticos aditivos e de dominância para os caracteres ALT e DAP foram altos (>0,77). A produção de massa seca total de (MST) (645 kg ha-1) de capim e de folhas (272 kg ha-1) foram significativamente maiores (p<0,05) nas áreas menos sombreadas, entre as fileiras duplas e, valores nutritivos importantes, como a fração protéica e a digestibilidade, não apresentam grandes variações entre os tratamentos. Os resultados mostram ser possível continuar o programa de melhoramento genético com formação do pomar de sementes por mudas e teste de segunda geração, pois existem materiais com grande potencial de produção no local de estudo para futuros cruzamentos e formação de novos genótipos de E. grandis. / The objective of this study was to estimate genetic and statistical parameters for quantitative traits in the first six years of growth of Eucalyptus grandis progenies in the silvipastoril system; to compare productivity, stability and adaptability of progenies at different ages and to measure forage production and morphological and bromatological characteristics of Urochloa decumbens cv. Basilisk in free growth in the understorey of the trees. Height (ALT), diameter at breast height (DAP) and survival (SOB) were measured at 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 years after planting. The experimental design was a randomized block with 150 treatments (147 progenies of Eucalyptus grandis and three commercial clones: C041H , P4295H and H15), 26 replicates and one plant per plot, at a spacing of 2.0 x 2.5 x 4 , 0 m. For evaluation of the grass samples were collected from the area below and between the double lines of E. grandis. In the individual analysis, commercial clones had practically 100% of their individuals among the first 250 classified, progenies 25 and 162 presented a significant number of individuals in this classification. Regarding the classification of the parents, over the years, the clones C041H and H15 always were among the first positions. But progenies 25 and 162 outperformed clone P4295H in ALT, DAP and VOL, with high and positive correlation between the years for ALT and DAP (> 0.74). There was a significant difference between the treatments during the evaluation years for the characters measured. In the joint analysis for stability, adaptability and productivity, progenies 25, 162, 163 and 6 were very close to commercial materials (H15 and C041H) and had greater stability, adaptability and productivity in relation to control clone P4295H for the DAP character. The correlation between the additive and dominance genetic values for the ALT and DAP characters was high (> 0.77). The total dry matter yield (MSM) (645 kg ha-1) of grass and leaves (272 kg ha-1) were significantly higher (p <0.05) in the less shaded areas between the double rows and, Important nutritional values, such as protein fraction and digestibility, do not show large variations between treatments. The results show that it is possible to continue the genetic improvement program with the seed orchard formation by seedlings and second generation test because there are materials with great potential of production in the study site for future crosses and formation of new genotypes of E. grandis.

The aim of this thesis has been to find out dynamics of development of organic orchards in South Bohemia region, assess their production potential, economic, law and enviromental aspects and suggest precaution to effective usage of grant title supported their development. Research has been done with using questionnaire and personal visit seven orchardist farm in organic agriculture that have been willing to cooperate on research of organic orchards in South Bohemia region. Another data have been gained by cooperation with control organizations BIOKONT CZ, s.r.o.; KEZ o.p.s. and by helping Internet pages of Ministry of agriculture and Internet pages of Institute of agricultural economics and information. With regards to results it is evident that from 2008 to 2011 the area of organic orchards in South Bohemia region increased from 0,82 ha to 179,92 ha. Only two orchardists from seven have answered they harvested fruit once a year. Another two orchardists have claimed that their orchards were founded only for grants, because of easily reached conditions. The others founded their orchrads because of their belief that organic fruit is better than conventional and they expect higher production in following years. Suggested precaution for effective usage grant title is base on minimal quantity of trees specific sort per hectare and grant payments with regard to area of orchard. This means lower grants to bigger orchards. The diploma thesis has followed to cooperation Faculty of agriculture of South Bohemia university in České Budějovice with Institute of agricultural economics and information during the preparation grants for organic agriculture in Rural development programme.

The objective of the thesis was to ascertain the development speed of extensive organic orchards in the South-Moravian region, evaluate their production's potential, legislative, economic, and environmental aspects. Research was conducted via public surveys and visits of organic orchard owners in the South-Moravian region. Other data was obtained in co-operation with BIOKONT CZ, s.r.o., a regulatory organization, and using the Ministry of Agriculture and Pro-bio association web sites. The results show there are currently 4402 environmental entities registered at the Ministry of Agriculture, including 3894 organic farmers. As of 31st March. 2014 there have been 689 organic orchard owners in the Czech Republic, of which 17% is registered in the South-Moravian region alone. 14 of the 16 interviewees do harvest their orchards' production. One orchard owner established his orchard focusing on blackcurrant enzyme extraction instead of conventional fruit production. There is a concern that one of the respondents converted their orchard to an organic system only due to potential subsidies, since they do not harvest any produce. The reason allegedly is the age of the trees and a lack of pollinators. Other farmers established their orchards convinced that fruits produced in accordance with organic farming rules is better than its conventional counterpart.

Orientador: Miguel Luiz Menezes Freitas / Resumo: Neste estudo objetivou-se estimar parâmetros genéticos e estatísticos para caracteres quantitativos nos primeiros seis anos de crescimento de progênies de Eucalyptus grandis em sistema silvipastoril; comparar a produtividade, estabilidade e adaptabilidade das progênies em diferentes idades e mensurar a produção de forragem e as características morfológicas e bromatológicas do capim Urochloa decumbens cv. Basilisk em crescimento livre no sub-bosque das árvores. Foram mensurados a altura (ALT), diâmetro a altura do peito (DAP) e sobrevivência (SOB), aos 2, 3, 4, 5, e 6 anos após o plantio. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados desbalanceados com 150 tratamentos (147 progênies de Eucalyptus grandis e três clones comerciais: C041H, P4295H e H15), 26 repetições e uma planta por parcela, no espaçamento de 2,0 x 2,5 x 4,0 m. Para avaliação do capim foram coletadas amostras da área abaixo e entre as linhas duplas de E. grandis. Na análise individual, os clones comerciais tiveram praticamente 100% de seus indivíduos entre os primeiros 250 classificados, as progênies 25 e 162 apresentaram número significativo de indivíduos nesta classificação. Em relação a classificação dos genitores, ao longo dos anos, os clones C041H e H15 sempre ficaram entre as primeiras posições. Mas as progênies 25 e 162 superaram o clone P4295H nos caracteres ALT, DAP e VOL, com correlação alta e positiva entre os anos para ALT e DAP (>0,74). Houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos no ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The objective of this study was to estimate genetic and statistical parameters for quantitative traits in the first six years of growth of Eucalyptus grandis progenies in the silvipastoril system; to compare productivity, stability and adaptability of progenies at different ages and to measure forage production and morphological and bromatological characteristics of Urochloa decumbens cv. Basilisk in free growth in the understorey of the trees. Height (ALT), diameter at breast height (DAP) and survival (SOB) were measured at 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 years after planting. The experimental design was a randomized block with 150 treatments (147 progenies of Eucalyptus grandis and three commercial clones: C041H , P4295H and H15), 26 replicates and one plant per plot, at a spacing of 2.0 x 2.5 x 4 , 0 m. For evaluation of the grass samples were collected from the area below and between the double lines of E. grandis. In the individual analysis, commercial clones had practically 100% of their individuals among the first 250 classified, progenies 25 and 162 presented a significant number of individuals in this classification. Regarding the classification of the parents, over the years, the clones C041H and H15 always were among the first positions. But progenies 25 and 162 outperformed clone P4295H in ALT, DAP and VOL, with high and positive correlation between the years for ALT and DAP (> 0.74). There was a significant difference between the treatments during the evaluation years for the ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor