Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:39:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PCL - Carla Teresinha Cramer.pdf: 665580 bytes, checksum: f669cfe1b24806a78f128139ad2108d3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-25 / Family Therapy as a field of work has undergone diverse changes over its 50 years of existence, in relation both to the body of theories it comprises and the process entailed until it effectively evolved into a family-oriented therapy. Until the late twentieth century, during the 80s, the most common approaches in that area were intervention-based and those supported by modern paradigms, which employed the application of theories as a tool and the acquisition of techniques. The therapist would take on the role of a specialist. It was finally considered a dialogic activity when Second-Order Cybernetics, Social Constructivism and Constructionism concepts were brought into the therapy as such, and the therapist became the focal point of the subject at hand. Contributions made by scholars of Gender and Culture emphasise the importance of self-reflection, which should be practiced by the therapist to assure that his or her own life experiences, past or present, do not have a negative influence when counselling their patient-clients. The purpose of this study was to understand how the therapist s life experience acquired within the environment of his or her family of origin could influence their family counselling practice. The case study method was employed. The tools used to obtain relevant material were semi-structured interviews and genogram assessment of the mental health professional. Information yielded was analysed and divided into the following body of themes: Parentality, Conjugality, Fraternal Relationships, Gender and Culture. Another significant finding from this study is the current challenge posed by this field, e.g. the integration of different concepts originating from diverse approaches that comprise what is known as Family Therapy / O campo da Terapia Familiar, em seus pouco mais de 50 anos de existência, passou por várias modificações em seu corpo teórico e no processo envolvido em tornar-se um terapeuta de famílias. As abordagens que dominavam o campo até os anos 80 do século XX eram intervencionistas e embasadas em paradigmas modernos; voltavam-se à instrumentalização e à aquisição de técnicas. Ao terapeuta, cabia o papel de especialista. Com a incorporação dos conceitos provenientes da Cibernética de 2ª Ordem, do Construtivismo e do Construcionismo Social, a terapia passou a ser considerada uma atividade dialógica, e a pessoa do terapeuta tornou-se alvo de atenção nessa disciplina. Os aportes efetuados por estudiosos de Gênero e Cultura reforçaram a importância do terapeuta desenvolver auto-reflexividade, a fim de que conteúdos de sua história de vida, passada e presente, não venham a repercutir negativamente no atendimento prestado a seus clientes. O objetivo da presente pesquisa consistiu em compreender de que modo as experiências que o terapeuta vivenciou em sua família de origem fazem-se presentes em sua prática clínica atual com famílias. O método escolhido baseou-se em um estudo de caso. Os instrumentos utilizados para a obtenção de material relevante foram a entrevista semi-estruturada e o levantamento do genograma do profissional. As informações obtidas foram analisadas e vieram a compor os seguintes eixos temáticos: Parentalidade, Conjugalidade, Relações Fraternas, Gênero e Cultura. Outro achado significativo e proveniente dessa pesquisa refere-se ao desafio atual e presente no campo que é a integração dos diversos conceitos oriundos das diferentes abordagens que compõem o que se denomina Terapia Familiar

Cette thèse étudie le processus du changement démographique pendant la transition des chasseurs-collecteurs aux agriculteurs sur le plateau de Lœss, qui est la région de l’origine du millet cultivé, et dans la plaine du fleuve Yangszé, qui est la région de l’origine du riz cultivé en Chine. Ce travail de recherche doctoral collecte et analyse les données paléoanthropologiques des nécropoles des deux régions en Chine, et un signal similaire est détecté. Les données archéologiques, comme la densité des sites et la densité des dates au radiocarbone, sont aussi collectées et analysées, pour vérifier ce signal démographique en Chine. Suit à notre étude, nous représentons le contexte environnemental du signal de la TDA, incluant le changement climatique et la variation du paysage. L’amélioration de l’environnement naturel pendant la transition démographique est évidente, mais elle n’est pas une cause décisive de la TDA. Ensuite, nous représentons le changement de la stratégie de subsistance de la population du Paléolithique supérieur au Néolithique dans les deux régions, et son lien de causalité réciproque avec la transition démographique. Les données archéologiques montrent que la transition démographique et le changement de la stratégie de subsistance sont suivis de façon évidente par une modification de l’habitation, et l’arrangement des villages s'est modifié graduellement aussi au fil du temps. Celles-là indiquent probablement que l’augmentation de la taille de population est une cause importante de l’évolution sociale. / In this thesis, we study the process of the demographic change during the transition from the hunters-gatherers to the farmers on the Loess Plateau, which is the region of the origin of the cultivated millet, and in the Yangtze Plain, which is the region of the origin of the cultivated rice, in China. By collecting and analyzing the paleoanthropological data from the cemeteries of prehistorical hunters-gatherers and farmers of these two regions in China, we detect a similar signal of the ADT. This signal is also confirmed by the archaeological data, such as the density of the archaeological sites and the density of the radiocarbon dates. We represent the environmental context of the signal demographic in the following study, including the climatic change and the variation of le landscape. The improvement of the natural environment during the demographic transition is obvious, but it seems that this improvement is not a factor decisive of the ADT. Then we represent the change of subsistence strategy of the population from upper Paleolithic to Neolithic in the two regions, and its relationship of reciprocal causation with the demographic transition. The archaeological data indicate that the demographic transition and the change of the subsistence strategy were evidently followed by the modification of the habitation, and the arrangement of the villages have also varied overtime. These information probably suggest that the augmentation of the size of population is one of the main causes of the social evolution.

AbstractBackground: Countries can be seen as brands (nation brands) with brand values that transmitto the country’s products. Country-of-origin (COO), the brands nationality, links the productto an associative network of cultural shared national stereotypes. Through associating thebrand with a country or a region, the credibility of the brand can increase and strengthen thebrand. Therefore COO is used in marketing to position a brand.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine how luxury fashion brands communicatetheir national identity through analyzing their advertising. The brands examined in the studyare the French brand Chanel and the British brand Burberry. To be able to answer the researchquestion, the brands’ advertising campaigns were analyzed to see whether they contain abrand personality built on a national stereotype or if there is a clear national theme or storieslinking to the national identity.Methodology:The national stereotypes of the two countries were examined through a pilotstudy. The advertising campaigns were analyzed by using an analyze model that wasdeveloped from image analyzing theories. It was then connected to the theory and the nationalstereotypes that evolved from the pilot study.Results: The results revealed in this study shows that the two different brands use theirnational identity in different ways. While Burberry has a clear British theme in theirmarketing, Chanel uses stories to link their brand personality with that of the founder CocoChanel, whom is associated with the stereotype of France. / <p>Sammanfattning</p><p>Bakgrund: Länder kan ses som varumärken (nation brands) som har varumärkesvärden som</p><p>överförs till ländernas produkter. Country-of-origin (COO), varumärkets nationalitet, länkar</p><p>produkten till ett associativt nätverk av kulturellt delade nationella stereotyper. Genom att</p><p>associera ett varumärke med ett land eller en region, kan trovärdigheten för varumärket öka</p><p>vilket förstärker varumärket. COO kommuniceras därför i reklam för positionering.</p><p>Syfte: Huvudsyftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur lyxvarumärken inom mode</p><p>kommunicerar sin nationella identitet genom att analysera deras reklamkampanjer. De</p><p>varumärken som studerades var franska Chanel och brittiska Burberry. För att svara på syftet</p><p>prövades om varumärkenas personlighet bygger på den nationella stereotypen.</p><p>Reklambilderna analyserades även för att se om det finns ett tydligt nationellt tema eller</p><p>berättelser som länkar till den nationella identiteten.</p><p>Metod: Genom en förstudie undersöktes de olika ländernas nationella stereotyper.</p><p>Reklambilderna analyserades med hjälp av en analysmodell som utvecklades från</p><p>bildanalysteorier. Analysen kopplades till teorin samt de nationella stereotyper som</p><p>framkommit genom förstudien.</p><p>Resultat: Resultatet och det som framkom i studien var att de olika varumärkena använder sig</p><p>av sin nationella identitet på olika sätt. Medan Burberry har ett tydligt brittiskt tema i sin</p><p>marknadsföring, använder Chanel berättelser som länkar varumärkespersonligheten till</p><p>grundaren Coco Chanel, som kan sammankopplas med den franska stereotypen.</p><p>Program: Textilekonomutbildningen magister</p>

Cette thèse est une étude transversale fondée sur la réactivation de gestes anciens comme ressource esthétique qui émaille l’expression du spectacle vivant. L’épure expressive des œuvres rupestres de la Serra da Capivara constitue le dispositif lumineux d’enquête chorégraphique qui s’articule entre continents. Pratique et théorie se juxtaposent et mettent en cause les impacts sensoriels de l’espace exploré,sollicitant l’éveil de la perception vers les énergies fondatrices pour retisser les figures de danse et de théâtralisation de la vie. Les épisodes de recherche sur le terrain circonscrivent un parcours de réactivation et réincorporation de gestes au commencement de l’art. La chercheuse se met à l’épreuve elle-même et sur la scène problématise le sujet de l’expression par le biais d’une archéologie incarnée, tandis que la recherche s’étend vers le corps-collectif de la nouvelle génération des habitants de la Serra da Capivara. La pensée archéologique invite à creuser, sous un autre angle, le phénomène esthétique lié à la corporéité en amplifiant la conscience du corps, celle qui est éprouvée par l’acteur-danseur. L’analyse de milliers de figures révèle l’originalité de la trace préservée dans les innombrables sites, avec des peintures étonnantes et propose un nouveau point de vue sur la fonction de l’art rupestre dans le temps actuel. Elle montre une voie pédagogique mêlée avec la création,rompant avec la vision conformiste stéréotypée du sertão brésilien. Ce lieu de débat sur l’origine de l’homme est attendu comme un réseau d’innovation artistique. Corps, environnement et mémoire peuvent se fondre, se décaler du temps, en considérant ce qui vibre au-delà de la trace. / This thesis is a cross-disciplinary study based on the reactivation of ancient gestures as an aesthetic resource that enamels the expression of performing arts. The expressive outline of the rock art of the Serrada Capivara constitutes the radiant methodological device for a choreographic research bridging continents. Practice and theory interface and question the sensory impacts of the investigated space, calling for the perception of the primordial energies to recreate dance figures, and the the atricalizing of life. The episodes of field research circumscribe a journey of reactivating and reincorporating gestures at the beginning of Art. The researcher is exposed for testing herself. On stage she problematizes the subject’s expression through embodied archeology, while the research extends to the collective body of the new generation of inhabitants of the Serra da Capivara. The archaeological thought invites to dig, from another angle, aesthetic phenomenon connected to corporeality by amplifying the consciousness of the body, the one that is experienced by the actor-dancer. The analysis of thousands of figures reveals the originality of the trace preserved in the countless sites with astonishing paintings. It proposes a new point of view on the function of rock art in our time and it shows a pedagogical way of using creativity to break with the stereotyped conformist vision of the northeast Brazil. This place of debate on the origin of man is expected to be a network of artistic innovation. Body, environment and memory can melt, shift from time, considering what vibrates beyond the trace.

Thesis. 1977. M.S.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Civil Engineering. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING. / Bibliography: leaf 121. / by Serge Tsygalnitzky. / M.S.

Neste trabalho são estimados os efeitos das transferências de renda representadas pelo Programa Bolsa Família (PBF), nos fluxos migratórios entre os municípios brasileiros de 2008 a 2010. Parte-se de um Modelo de Escolha Discreta, e são obtidas e estimadas as equações agregadas de fluxo origem-destino com dependência espacial. Para desenvolver a análise, os indivíduos são divididos entre seis perfis de renda familiar per capita, e pela natureza do PBF, o foco da análise se dá principalmente nos quatro primeiros perfis. Então, são sugeridos alguns mecanismos pelos quais o PBF e sua gestão podem atuar sobre a decisão de migrar ou permanecer no local. Os mecanismos idealizados são diferentes de acordo com o status do indivíduo, de ser beneficiário do programa ou não, de acordo com seu perfil de renda, e se a característica do programa diz respeito ao seu município de residência, ou a outro município para o qual possa migrar. Como robustez, estima-se um modelo Logit, da probabilidade de o indivíduo ter realizado qualquer migração de acordo com algumas características individuais, dentre as quais a de ser beneficiário do programa, e de acordo com características de seu município de origem, estando as de gestão do PBF contidas neste segundo grupo. Os resultados em geral replicam os principais achados da literatura de migração, e apontam para relevância e não neutralidade dos recursos e da gestão municipal do Programa Bolsa Família na decisão locacional dos indivíduos / In this master thesis we estimated the effect of cash transfers in the migration flows among Brazilian municipalities from 2008 to 2010. We consider the cash transfer program named Bolsa Família (PBF), and aggregated origin-destination flows with spatial dependence equations in a Discrete Choice Model. To develop our analysis, the individuals are separated in six per capita family income profiles. In face of the PBF aim, we focus on the first four profiles. Then, some mechanisms that can influence the decision to migrate or to stay in the same municipality are suggested. Each mechanism differs acording to the individual status, of being a beneficiary of the program or not, acording to his income profile, and also acording to the analysed feature of the program being about his own municipality, or of another one, for where he can migrate. As robustness, we estimated a Logit model of the individual probability of having migrated, given his caracteristics, among which being beneficiary, and given the characteristics of his origin municipality, among which the PBF management features. The results seem to replicate the main finds of migration literature, and point to the relevance of being concerned with the management of the program and the release of resources, because of its influences on individual location decision

Os países estão cada vez mais conscientes da importância da sua imagem, dado que, a imagem de um país representa um ativo fundamental nas novas relações econômicas e políticas. Assim, a pesquisa da imagem dos países vem ganhando relevância no campo de estudos de Marketing Internacional. Nesse contexto, o objetivo da presente pesquisa foi: investigar quais são as dimensões que compõem a imagem do Brasil e quais são os fatores que contribuem para sua formação no exterior, especificamente na América Latina. Para atingir esse objetivo, foi realizado uma pesquisa qualitativa aplicando o método ZMET e uma pesquisa quantitativa por meio de um survey junto a uma amostra de 1617 respondentes de nacionalidade mexicana, argentina, equatoriana e boliviana. Os resultados do estudo confirmaram que o construto \"Imagem de país\" compreende três componentes (cognitivo, afetivo e conativo), confirmou-se também que a imagem do Brasil pode ser analisada por uma combinação dos componentes cognitivo, afetivo e conativo, sendo que o cognitivo foi o componente mais fortemente identificado, baseado essencialmente em crenças relacionadas à política, às pessoas do país, aos aspectos socioambientais, à economia, à inovação e à cultura do Brasil. Adicionalmente, os resultados demonstraram que, para os participantes pesquisados (mexicanos, argentinos, equatorianos e bolivianos), a internet e os jornais televisivos foram os dois meios de comunicação mais importantes para obter informações sobre o Brasil. Portanto, os meios de comunicação desempenham um papel muito importante na formação da imagem do Brasil na América Latina / The countries are increasingly aware of the importance of their image, since the image of a country is a key asset in the new economic and political relations. Thus, the research of the image of the country has been gaining importance in the international marketing field studies. In this context, the objective of this research was: investigate what are the dimensions that contribute to constitute Brazilian country image and what are the factors that helps to form this particular aspect in Latin America. To achieve this goal, we performed a qualitative research applying ZMET method, and a quantitative research through a survey with a sample of 1617 respondents of Mexican nationality, Argentina, Ecuador and Bolivia. The study results confirmed that the construct \"country image\" comprises three components (cognitive, affective and conative), it was confirmed also that the Brazilian image can be analyzed by a combination of components cognitive, affective and conative. Since the cognitive was the most strongly identified component, essentially based on beliefs related to politics, the people of the country, social and environmental aspects, the economy, innovation and culture of Brazil. In addition, the results showed that the participants surveyed (Mexicans, Argentineans, Ecuadorians and Bolivians), the Internet and television news are the two most important media for information about Brazil. Therefore, the media performs one important role in the Brazilian image formation in Latin America

La thèse a soulevé deux défis dans l’analyse des métaux dans le riz : (i) un dosage multiélémentaire dans le but de la classification du riz selon l’origine géographique, et (ii) la spéciation du sélénium, élément essentiel dans la nutrition, dans le but de l’identification des cibles moléculaires de son assimilation et stockage. Une méthode d’analyse multiélémentaire par l’ICP MS combinée avec des techniques chimiométriques a été proposée comme outil pour la discrimination des riz selon leurs origines géographiques. Les concentrations des 21 éléments ont été analysées par le diagramme en radar, l’analyse en composantes principales, et l’analyse discriminante linéaire. Le riz thaï (riz jasmin) a pu être discriminé des riz étrangers. De plus, l’analyse discriminante a permis de de différencier les riz produits dans les différentes régions de Thaïlande. L’approche de protéomique assistée par l’ICP MS a permis l’identification d’une douzaine de protéines accumulant préférentiellement le sélénium sous forme de sélénomethionine et de sélénocystéine (en proportion 2:1). / The PhD work is focused on two major analytical chemistry challenges concerning rice characterization: (i) the geographical origin classification of rice based on multi-element fingerprinting and (ii) speciation of selenium with the goal of the identification of molecular target of it assimilation and storage in rice. The methods based on the multi-element fingerprinting by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in combination with multivariate statistical techniques were developed and validated as tools for authentication of rice. Twenty-one key variables were assessed by a radar plot technique and multivariate data analysis, including principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis (DA) enabling classification according to geographical origin. Thai jasmine rice could be clearly differentiated from foreign rice samples. In addition, the DA could be used to classify Thai jasmine rice obtained from different regions in Thailand. In the second part of the project, an analytical ICP-MS-assisted proteomic method was developed for the identification of Se-containing proteins in rice. Selenium was found to be present as both selenomethionine (SeMet) and selenocysteine (SeCys) in a dozen of rice proteins with the Se/S substitution ratio two times higher for SeMet than that for SeCys.

As alergias podem ser desencadeadas por substancias químicas, medicamentos, proteínas de origem vegetal e animal como, por exemplo, ácaros, alimentos, fungos e venenos. Reações alérgicas desenvolvidas em resposta a venenos de animais marinhos vêm sendo pouco estudadas. Este é o primeiro estudo que descreve a indução de reação anafilática em camundongos pelo veneno de um peixe brasileiro, acompanhado da caracterização detalhada dos mediadores solúveis e celulares envolvidos no processo. Nossos resultados mostram que o veneno do peixe T. nattereri possui proteínas alergênicas capazes de desencadear um processo alérgico, caracterizado por anafilaxia mediada por IgE e IgG1 e inflamação eosinofílica de fase tardia dependente de citocinas Th2. Ainda demonstramos a regulação da resposta pela positiva pela citocina IL-4 e participação da IL-12 e IFN-<font face=\"Symbol\">g na resposta. / Allergies are a significant and widespread public health problem. Anaphylaxis reactions are inducing by foods, medications and venoms and are IgE mediated. In mice, allergy can be caused also by IgG1. The results presented here describe for the first time anaphylaxis induced by Brazilian fish venom, accompanied by detailed characterization of soluble and cellular mediators involved in the process. Together our results demonstrated that the venom of T. natereri has allergenic proteins that can trigger allergic process, a phenomenon IgE-IgG1 dependent, IL-4 mediated and regulated by IFN-<font face=\"Symbol\">g. Furthermore, we observed a positive participation of the cytokines IL-12 and IFN-<font face=\"Symbol\">g in the exacerbation of the late phase reaction.

Esta pesquisa apresenta os resultados de um levantamento empírico de livros didáticos de Biologia e Química aprovados no PNLEM 2007, no sentido de investigar as demandas de conceitos químicos no estudo de uma temática própria da disciplina de Biologia: a origem da vida. Adicionalmente, esta dissertação coteja essas demandas conceituais com os correspondentes saberes químicos sequenciados nos capítulos das coleções de Química e discute a potencial interlocução entre os conjuntos de saberes das duas disciplinas, visto que fazem parte da mesma área do conhecimento escolar. Considerando-se todas as obras divididas em três volumes um para cada ano do Ensino Médio e excetuando-se os volumes únicos, foram analisados os capítulos que tratam da origem da vida em quatro coleções de Biologia e todo o conteúdo programático de duas obras de Química. Reconhecendo a relevância do livro didático no cenário educacional brasileiro, o caráter notadamente disciplinar do currículo e as especificidades do ensino de Ciências, este trabalho reúne argumentos teóricos que fundamentam a necessidade de um olhar abrangente sobre a realidade, sempre complexa e multifacetada. / This research presents the results of an empirical survey from textbooks of Biology and Chemistry approved in PNLEM 2007, to investigate the demands of chemical concepts in the study of one the subjects in Biology: the origin of life. In addition to that, this dissertation collates these conceptual demands with the corresponding chemical knowledge sequenced in chapters of the chemical collections and discusses the potential dialogue between the sets of knowledge of those two disciplines, as part of the same area of school knowledge. Considering the works divided into three volumes one for each year of high school and except for the single volumes, were analyzed the chapters dealing with the origin of life in four collections of Biology and whole academic program in two works of Chemistry. Recognizing the relevance of the textbook in Brazilian educational scenario, the notably disciplinary character of the curriculum and the specificities of Natural Sciences who originated the school disciplines of Biology and Chemistry, this work gathers theoretical arguments that justify the need for a comprehensive look at the reality, always complex and multifaceted.