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In recent years, collaboration between different companies especially global collaboration on oversea product development becomes more and more popular. Forming efficient product design team becomes an important concern for these companies. Team formation strategies not only consider team member's skills and availability, but also gender, race and cultural background. Personality traits are also increasingly considered when composing a team, based on the hypothesis that diversity in personality traits within a team will improve the team's ability to innovate (Park, 2014, Figure 6-3). Wilde released his 20-item psychological preference test together with his Teamology teaming strategy in 2008, with the assumption that its resulting reliability would be approximately 80% over time due to their similarity to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) questions (Kirby et al, 2007). In this thesis, the overall test-retest reliability of Teamology instrument is proved good since consistency over time for all four Dimensions are higher than 80%. For each of the 20 items, some are considered not reliable with low consistency over time. Systematic change for consistency data over time is discussed as well, a tendency is figured out that for Dimension EI and SN, graduate participants tend to change their preference on dimension EI and SN over time, while no obvious change is shown for Dimension JP and TF. When the culture and language difference is concerned, all four dimensions have good consistency over time, which means language and culture difference will not affect the consistency of Teamology test score. Finally for Park Creativity Index and MBTI Creativity Index, the reliability over time is tested and judged acceptable with Pearson's correlation data of 0.528 and 0.516. / Master of Science

Adaptive video streaming is perpetually influenced by unpredictable network conditions, whichcauses playback interruptions like stalling, rebuffering and video bit rate fluctuations. Thisleads to potential degradation of end-user Quality of Experience (QoE) and may make userchurn from the service. Video QoE modelling that precisely predicts the end users QoE underthese unstable conditions is taken into consideration quickly. The root cause analysis for thesedegradations is required for the service provider. These sudden changes in trend are not visiblefrom monitoring the data from the underlying network service. Thus, this is challenging toknow this change and model the instantaneous QoE. For this modelling continuous time, QoEratings are taken into consideration rather than the overall end QoE rating per video. To reducethe user risk of churning the network providers should give the best quality to the users. In this thesis, we proposed the QoE modelling to analyze the user reactions change over timeusing machine learning models. The machine learning models are used to predict the QoEratings and change patterns in ratings. We test the model on video Quality dataset availablepublicly which contains the user subjective QoE ratings for the network distortions. M5P modeltree algorithm is used for the prediction of user ratings over time. M5P model gives themathematical equations and leads to more insights by given equations. Results of the algorithmshow that model tree is a good approach for the prediction of the continuous QoE and to detectchange points of ratings. It is shown that to which extent these algorithms are used to estimatechanges. The analysis of model provides valuable insights by analyzing exponential transitionsbetween different level of predicted ratings. The outcome provided by the analysis explains theuser behavior when the quality decreases the user ratings decrease faster than the increase inquality with time. The earlier work on the exponential transitions of instantaneous QoE overtime is supported by the model tree to the user reaction to sudden changes such as video freezes.

Language brokers are children of immigrants who use their skills as bilinguals to interpret or translate for their family and/or community members. Although language brokering may begin in childhood or preadolescence, language brokering may continue until adulthood. While there are a small number of studies that have touched upon change over time, this study’s primary focus is on language brokers’ experiences relating to change over time. This was accomplished through semi-structured in depth retrospective interviews among Latina/o young adults attending small liberal arts colleges. Three aspects of language brokering were examined, the practice of language brokering, feeling towards language brokering, and family dynamics. Three new aspects of language brokering emerged, brokering for parent’s business, brokering for the community, and brokering technology. Siblings played the role of the language broker at different points in time and to different extents. Parents’ English language developed, and they were able to navigate some tasks due to their language development and their experience completing typical forms. Feelings of joy and frustration, in deed, coexist. Feelings towards language brokering also changed from embarrassment and nervousness to confidence and satisfaction. The patterns and experiences found in this study highlight the complexity and dynamic nature of language brokering.

Bakgrund: Bröstcancer är i dag den vanligast förekommande cancersjukdomen som beräknas drabbas en tredjedel av Sveriges kvinnor. Detta är en potentiellt livshotande sjukdom vilket innebär att de flesta av de drabbade kvinnorna kommer att genomgå en omvälvande upplevelse med lång tid av behandlingsåtgärder. Bröstcancersjukdom innebär att livssituationen förändras vilket kan medföra att kvinnans hela trygghet blir annorlunda. När livet drastiskt omskapas kan kvinnans totala livskvalitet sättas i obalans. Studier som undersöker hur kvinnor upplever livskvalitet och hur den förändras i samband med att de drabbas av bröstcancer är betydelsefulla ur flera perspektiv. Kunskap om hur kvinnor med bröstcancersjukdom upplever sin livssituation och livskvalitet är viktig information för att säkerställa och förbättra den vård och stöd som erbjuds henne. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att kvantitativt undersöka 39 kvinnor diagnostiserade med bröstcancer och deras självskattade livskvalitet utifrån två perspektiv. Det första perspektivet har varit att jämföra kvinnornas självskattade livskvalitet mot kvalitativa resultat som sedan tidigare är presenterat. Det andra perspektivet har varit att kvantitativt undersöka hur kvinnornas livskvalitet förhåller sig mot de olika kombinationerna av behandlingsåtgärder. Metod: Föreliggande studie bygger på ett ursprungsprojekt där ett patientmaterial inhämtades under åren 2004 – 2009. Detta ursprungsprojekt har resulterat i kvalitativa delstudier som blivit presenterade i artikelform och i en avhandling. Med föreliggande studie kompletteras dessa resultat med ett kvantitativt perspektiv. Det kvantitiva materialet är behandlat med Microsoft Excel. Urvalsgruppen omfattar 39 kvinnor som under 2005 behandlats för primär bröstcancer vid Umeå sjukhus strålbehandlingsavdelning. Resultat: I delfråga ett konstateras att de kvantitativa resultaten väl överensstämmer med resultaten som framgår av den kvalitativa undersökningen. Bland de bröstcancer drabbade kvinnorna framträder fyra kategorier vilka 24 månader efter diagnos upplever sin livskvalitet som antingen bättre, oförändrad, förändrad men inte till det sämre eller att de upplever sin livskvalitet som sämre. Vid den andra delfrågan framkommer det att kvinnornas olika kombinationer av behandlingsåtgärder har betydelse för kvinnornas upplevda livskvalitet. Fler former av behandlingar har medfört att kvinnorna mår sämre än de kvinnor som tar emot färre behandlingar. Diskussion: Resultaten i denna studie visar att tidigare kvalitativa resultat och att de föreliggande kvantitativa resultaten är överensstämmande. Det framgår även att kvinnor som genomgår mer omfattande behandlingsåtgärder upplever svårare förändringar vad det gäller den aktuella livskvaliteten och hur den förändras över tid. Vad det gäller de båda delfrågorna framgår det att den största förändringen i livskvalitet framträder under det första året fram till det andra året efter diagnos.

This diploma thesis deals with the development of the rheological properties of plasticized alkali-activated slag over time and depending on the timing of plasticizer and activator addition. These properties are very essential for the use of this material in practice. The main part of this work was oscillating measurements. Two types of measurements were performed – amplitude sweep and time sweep. The aim of the amplitude sweep was to determine the limit properties of the sample related to the destructive structure when the time sweep was continuous monitoring of the evolving structure. Furthermore, calorimetric measurements and solidification measurements were performed using a Vicat apparatus. The silica modulus activator and the method of adding the lignosulfonate-based plasticizer were changed for the individual mixtures. It was found that with the silica module 0 (activation with NaOH) the plasticizer works very well, better results were obtained with the addition of the plasticizer at the beginning of mixing and the activator only later. With increasing silica modulus, the importance of the presence of a plasticizer decreased.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間健康科学) / 甲第23426号 / 人健博第93号 / 新制||人健||6(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科人間健康科学系専攻 / (主査)教授 山田 重人, 教授 林 悠, 教授 森本 尚樹 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human Health Sciences / Kyoto University / DFAM

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Estudos em que a resposta de interesse é uma variável categorizada são bastante comuns nas mais diversas áreas da Ciência. Em muitas situações essa resposta é composta por mais de duas categorias não ordenadas, denominada então de uma variável politômica nominal, e em geral o objetivo do estudo é associar a probabilidade de ocorrência de cada categoria aos efeitos de variáveis explicativas. Ademais, existem tipos especiais de estudos em que os dados são coletados diversas vezes para uma mesma unidade amostral ao longo do tempo, os estudos longitudinais. Estudos assim requerem o uso de modelos estatísticos que considerem em sua formulação algum tipo de estrutura que suporte a dependência que tende a surgir entre observações feitas em uma mesma unidade amostral. Neste trabalho são abordadas duas extensões do modelo de logitos generalizados, usualmente empregado quando a resposta é politômica nominal com observações independentes entre si. A primeira consiste de uma modificação das equações de estimação generalizadas para dados nominais que se utiliza de razões de chances locais para descrever a dependência entre as observações da variável resposta politômica ao longo dos diversos tempos observados. Este tipo de modelo é denominado de modelo marginal. A segunda proposta abordada consiste no modelo de logitos generalizados com a inclusão de efeitos aleatórios no preditor linear, que também leva em conta uma dependência entre as observações. Esta abordagem caracteriza o modelo de logitos generalizados misto. Há diferenças importantes inerentes às interpretações dos modelos marginais e mistos, que são discutidas e que devem ser levadas em consideração na escolha da abordagem adequada. Ambas as propostas são aplicadas em um conjunto de dados proveniente de um experimento da área agronômica realizado em campo, conduzido sob um delineamento casualizado em blocos com esquema fatorial para os tratamentos. O experimento foi acompanhado ao longo de seis estações do ano, caracterizando assim uma estrutura longitudinal, sendo a variável resposta o tipo de vegetação observado no campo (touceiras, plantas invasoras ou espaços vazios). Os resultados encontrados são satisfatórios, embora a dependência presente nos dados não seja tão caracterizada; por meio de testes como da razão de verossimilhanças e de Wald diversas diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos foram encontradas. Ainda, devido às diferenças metodológicas das duas abordagens, o modelo marginal baseado nas equações de estimação generalizadas mostra-se mais adequado para esses dados. / Studies where the response is a categorical variable are quite common in many fields of Sciences. In many situations this response is composed by more than two unordered categories characterizing a nominal polytomous outcome and, in general, the aim of the study is to associate the probability of occurrence of each category to the effects of variables. Furthermore, there are special types of study where many measurements are taken over the time for the same sampling unit, called longitudinal studies. Such studies require special statistical models that consider some kind of structure that support the dependence that tends to arise from the repeated measurements for the same sampling unit. This work focuses on two extensions of the baseline-category logit model usually employed in cases when there is a nominal polytomous response with independent observations. The first one consists in a modification of the well-known generalized estimating equations for longitudinal data based on local odds ratios to describe the dependence between the levels of the response over the repeated measurements. This type of model is also known as a marginal model. The second approach adds random effects to the linear predictor of the baseline-category logit model, which also considers a dependence between the observations. This characterizes a baseline-category mixed model. There are substantial differences inherent to interpretations when marginal and mixed models are compared, what should be considered in the choice of the most appropriated approach for each situation. Both methodologies are applied to the data of an agronomic experiment installed under a complete randomized block design with a factorial arrangement for the treatments. It was carried out over six seasons, characterizing the longitudinal structure, and the response is the type of vegetation observed in field (tussocks, weeds or regions with bare ground). The results are satisfactory, even if the dependence found in data is not so strong, and likelihood-ratio and Wald tests point to several differences between treatments. Moreover, due to methodological differences between the two approaches, the marginal model based on generalized estimating equations seems to be more appropriate for this data.