This diploma thesis deals with the topic of overtime work and consequent entitlements for employees. It also focuses on the working hours institute in general, as the basis for determining overtime. It deals not only with the limits and conditions of overtime work, but also with overtime in different working hours regimes as well as overtime work of specific groups of employees. The aim of the thesis is to summarize the Czech legislation of the overtime institute, while evaluating the jurisprudence dealing with this issue. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter outlines the historical development not only of overtime work itself, but also of working hours as an institute directly related to overtime. In view of the Czech Republic's membership in the European Union, there can not be omitted the view of overtime work in terms of EU legislation, where Directive 2003/88 / EC is the key rule governing working hours and overtime. The second chapter deals with the working hours institute and describes the different ways of its layout. It also summarizes night work and on-call time, the legal regulations of which make it problematic, and employees often come to a dispute with employer about the uncertainty of remuneration. The third chapter deals with the overtime work itself as the...

This thesis interacts with the cultural values and societal expectations behind Japan’s overtime work ethic, and attempts to examine whether a universal human rights perspective can interact with the deeply rooted Japanese cultures and values. This is done with the help of previously conducted research and semi-structured interviews, which then allows for a better understanding of why overtime work is deeply rooted within Japanese culture, and why the application of human rights due diligence at the workplace is difficult to obtain. A qualitative study of semi-structured interviews has been conducted with 12 ethnic Japanese participants. The findings showed several connections between the participant’s answers, such as overtime work being an unwritten rule, and an expectation as a service to the society, to the previously conducted research. Although overtime work may change and differ in ratio depending on which company you are working for, it still is prevalent within Japanese society as a norm.Whether this is a human rights concern was debatable, since some participants argued it to be a vital part of the Japanese commitment to society, while other participants believed that it becomes problematic when personal choice and opinions are shunned or overlooked. These in turn result in other consequences such as depression, isolation, and even death. The thesis concludes that universal human rights values may not always go hand in hand with cultural values, but may allow new light to be shed on a contested phenomenon.

In Sweden the National Bureau of Statistics has reported an increase in stress-related disorders and sleep problems since the mid-1990’s. They also report that the number of hours of overtime worked has increased. Previous research on work-related stress and overtime work has demonstrated associations with altered physiological arousal, increased risk for stress related diseases, shorter sleep, greater fatigue and impaired performance. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the effects within individuals. The general aim of the thesis was to investigate the effect of overtime work and increased work stress on sleep, the diurnal pattern of cortisol, sleepiness and subjective stress in a within-subject design. In addition, it examined individual differences in the diurnal cortisol response to stress. We used a combination of methods – questionnaires, sleep and wake diaries, objective measures of sleep, stress hormones (salivary cortisol) and ambulatory measures of heart rate and blood pressure. Studies followed office workers during two different conditions of (I) high/low work stress and (II) overtime work respectively. The individual differences in the cortisol response to stress from study I prompted study III. In this study we examined two groups that showed different cortisol responses to stress. In conclusion, the results (I) demonstrated that a week with higher workload and stress affects physiological stress markers such as cortisol, and is associated with increased sleepiness and problems of unwinding at bedtime, shorter sleep duration and longer work hours. Furthermore (II) overtime work, under conditions of relatively low workload, was shown to be associated with modest effects on physiological markers of arousal. More pronounced effects were found on sleep and fatigue, with greater problems during overtime work. Study III indicated that individual differences in cortisol response to stress maybe related to fatigue and exhaustion.

Made available in DSpace on 2009-11-18T19:01:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ACF26.pdf: 1777467 bytes, checksum: 2a4c52e7ac5cb18d5ac00fae43bb5fa5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Due to high competitiveness in the current market, those companies which are deeply aware of their financial results have some competitive advantages, and based on that information, their managers can take decisions aiming at the maximization of their profit. Therefore, this research deals with the leverage as an operational strategy tool, for this it presents a study on a civil construction. In this field of activity, workmanship is a huge insume and the employees work overtime increasing the profits of the company. The main goal of this research is to demonstrate how the operational leverage can be used as an operational strategy tool in this context. It is a descriptive and applied research as to its goals and bibliographical, documentary and a field one as to the way it was performed. It took place during and at the construction of the new head office of the Legislative Assembly of Maranhão, which was carried out by the Petra Construção Ltda company in São Luís city. / Devido à grande competitividade do mercado atual, estão em vantagem competitiva aquelas empresas que conhecem profundamente seus resultados financeiros, para que a partir deste conhecimento seus gestores possam tomar decisões visando a maximização do lucro. Dentro deste pensamento, esta pesquisa trata da alavancagem como instrumento de estratégia operacional, para isso apresenta o estudo de caso de uma obra de construção civil, setor este cuja mão-de-obra é um significante insumo, cujos funcionários de produção trabalham horas extras, aumentando o lucro da empresa. O objetivo do presente trabalho é demonstrar como a alavancagem operacional pode ser utilizada como instrumento de estratégia operacional neste contexto. Quanto aos fins se trata de uma pesquisa descritiva e aplicada; quanto aos meios é bibliográfica, documental e de campo. Foi realizada na obra de construção da nova sede da Assembléia Legislativa do Estado do Maranhão que está sendo executada pela empresa Petra Construções Ltda na cidade de São Luís.

This thesis aims to analyse the impacts of the entry of the direct foreign investment of Futaba Czech s. r. o. on Havlíčkův Brod region. The introductory part contains a list of the sources reporting on the company{\crq}s investment decisions. Various aspects concerning the localization factors are included as well. Next part focuses on examining Futaba Czech s. r. o. in particular but also partly on Sklo Bohemi, a. s. and Pleas, a. s. They represent the three largest companies in Havlíčkův Brod region. The main aim of the author of the work was to find out how these three companies influence each other, even though each of them is interested in a different branch of industry. The following hypotheses are examined in the thesis: 1) Funding of FCZ by short-term credits indicates an existence of the significant insecurity, which can cause some doubts about company{\crq}s ability to continue to work according to principle based on continuation unlimited by time. 2) Benefit of the direct foreign investment of Futaba for the region is substantial at the present time and the impacts on the social environment are considerable as well. 3) Termination of operations of the company Sklo Bohemia, a. s. has influenced the social conditions of Havlíčkův Brod region significantly and it has had an influence on the operation of the companies Futaba Czech s. r. o. and Pleas, a. s. All three hypotheses have been verified in the thesis. The last part of the work gives the report of the evaluation of the hypotheses in question and a supposition, that the examined company might leave Czech market, because the results of its management are getting worse, is expressed.

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