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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
91

Thermal stability of plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposited silicon nitride thin films

Jehanathan, Neerushana January 2007 (has links)
[Truncated abstract] This study investigates the thermal stability of Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposited (PECVD) silicon nitride thin films. Effects of heat-treatment in air on the chemical composition, atomic bonding structure, crystallinity, mechanical properties, morphological and physical integrity are investigated. The chemical composition, bonding structures and crystallinity are studied by means of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The mechanical properties, such as hardness and Young’s modulus, are determined by means of nanoindentation. The morphological and physical integrity are analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) . . . The Young’s modulus (E) and hardness (H) of the film deposited at 448 K were measured to have E=121±1.8 GPa and H=11.7±0.25 GPa. The film deposited at 573 K has E=150±3.6 GPa and H=14.7±0.6 GPa. For the film deposited at 573 K, the Young’s modulus is not affected by heating up to 1148 K. Heating at 1373 K caused significant increase in Young’s modulus to 180∼199 GPa. This is attributed to the crystallization of the film. For the film deposited at 448 K, the Young’s modulus showed a moderate increase, by ∼10%, after heating to above 673 K. This is consistent with the much lower level of crystallization in this film as compared to the film deposited at 573 K. In summary, low temperature deposited PECVD SiNx films are chemically and structurally unstable when heated in air to above 673 K. The main changes include oxidation to SiO2, crystallization of Si3N4 and physical cracking. The film deposited at 573 K is more stable and damage and oxidation resistant than the film deposited at 448 K.
92

Étude expérimentale des réactions de déshydratation de l’antigorite naturelle à haute pression / High pressure experimental study of natural antigorite dehydration reactions

Maurice, Juliette 17 March 2017 (has links)
Les serpentinites sont les roches produites par l’hydratation de la péridotite au niveau du plancher océanique. L’antigorite est la phase de haute température et haute pression appartenant au groupe minéral des serpentines, pouvant contenir dans sa structure jusqu’à 13 wt% H2O, et permet ainsi le transfert de quantités considérables d’eau dans le manteau, à travers les processus de subduction. Sa déstabilisation est fonction du chemin thermique emprunté par la plaque plongeante. Durant cette thèse nous avons étudié deux cas de figure pour la déshydratation de l’antigorite menant soit à la libération des fluides dans le coin mantellique et à la production des magmas d’arc, soit au transfert de l’eau à plus grandes profondeurs).Dans un premier temps, des expériences de déshydratation d’antigorite naturelle ont été conduites sur la presse multi-enclumes à 3 GPa et entre 600 et 900°C. Les conditions oxydantes ou bien réductrices ont été contrôlées par le dispositif expérimental (four en graphite ou en chromite de lanthane). Cette étude a permis de caractériser les produits de déshydratation de l’antigorite dans un système chimique représentatif des systèmes naturels ainsi que de contraindre l’état redox des réactions associées. En effet, les résultats mis en avant par cette étude montrent une fO2 équivalente au tampon Quartz-Magnétite-Fayalite (QFM) +5. Un tel potentiel oxydant des fluides issus de la déshydratation de l’antigorite soutient l’hypothèse de l’oxydation de la source mantellique des magmas d’arcs, présentant des rapports Fe3+/Fetotal plus élevés que les basaltes de ride médio-océanique par exemple.Dans un second temps, nous nous sommes intéressés aux modalités de transfert de l’eau dans le manteau profond. L’antigorite naturelle a cette fois été déstabilisée à de plus fortes pressions allant de 6.5 à 10 GPa pour des températures comprises entre 500 et 850°C. Ces résultats expérimentaux, ainsi qu’une analyse géométrique des relations de phases dans le system FMASH selon la méthode de Shreinemaker, ont mis en avant des modifications dans le diagramme de phase pour un système ultramafique hydraté en comparaison des études précédentes. En effet, la phase A est communément décrite comme le produit de déstabilisation de l’antigorite à haute pression, tandis que la phase E n’apparait qu’à des profondeurs plus importantes. Nos résultats suggèrent, dans le système naturel enrichi en aluminium et en fer, une stabilité continue des phases hydratées, suivant la transition antigorite > phase E > phase A pour des températures inférieures à 750°C. Cette étude a également permis d’affiner les estimations des quantités d’eau pouvant être stockées dans les assemblages de minéraux hydratés stables dans la lithosphère plongeante (slab). Dans le cas des plaques plongeantes relativement froides (<750°C à 8-10 GPa) le transport de l’eau par le biais des « Dense Hydrous Magnesium Silicates » (DHMS) phase A et phase E soutient l’hypothèse de l’hydratation de la zone de transition dans le manteau. / From the Mid-Oceanic-Ridge to the subduction trench, hydration of peridotite minerals in the upper part of the oceanic lithosphere produces hydrous phases such as serpentine. Because of its high-water content (13 wt% H2O) this mineral family is of particular interest for water fluxes. Depending on the thermal path followed by the lithosphere while sinking into the mantle, antigorite destabilization can either lead to fluid release in the mantle wedge or water transfer to deeper levels. During this thesis we conducted experimental investigations of antigorite dehydration in the framework of these two scenarios.First, we investigated antigorite dehydration under conditions relevant to slab water release, known to trigger partial melting and to generate arc magmatism. Multi-anvil experiments were conducted on a natural serpentinite sample, at 3 GPa and between 600 and 900°C under different redox conditions. We were able to constrain phase assemblages produced by antigorite dehydration as well as the fO2 of such reactions to 5 units above the FMQ (Fayalite-Magnetite-Quartz buffer). These results support the oxidizing character of slab released fluids, that could explain the oxidized character of arc magmas compared to Mid-Oceanic-Ridge basalts or Oceanic-Island basalts.The second experimental work conducted during this thesis allowed to refine phase equilibria involving antigorite and the Dense Hydrous Magnesium Silicates (DHMS) phase A and phase E, in a realistic chemical composition for hydrated ultramafic system. Antigorite destabilization was performed between 6.5 and 10 GPa, for temperatures in the range <500-850°C. Our experimental results, together with a Shreinemaker’s analysis in the FMASH system led to establish a modified phase diagram compared to those presented in previous studies. While phase A has been described as the high-pressure product of antigorite breakdown in the literature, followed by phase E stability at higher pressure, we propose the transitionantigorite>phase E>phase A for the aluminous and iron-rich hydrated peridotite system. This study allowed the refinement of water budgets that can be stored in relatively cold slabs (<750°C at 8-10 GPa), supporting the hypothesis of water survival down to the transition zone.
93

Conversion de la pollution ammoniacale en azote moléculaire par Oxydation en Voie Humide Catalytique (OVHC) / Conversion of ammonia pollution into molecular nitrogen by Catalytic Wet Oxidation (OVHC)

Lousteau, Cédric 25 October 2013 (has links)
Des catalyseurs à base de métaux nobles (Pt, Pd, Ir, Ru et Rh) supportés (TiO2, ZrO2, CeO2 et CeZrO2) ont dans un premier temps été préparés. L'Oxydation en Voie Humide Catalytique de l'ammoniaque en présence de ces catalyseurs a alors été réalisée. Le platine est le métal le plus actif. L'iridium et le palladium sont les plus sélectifs en diazote. Le catalyseur Pt/TiO2 est le plus performant car il combine une très forte activité et une sélectivité en diazote peu éloignée de celles de l'iridium et du palladium. Une étude approfondie sur ce catalyseur (méthode de préparation, nature du précurseur métallique,…) a montré que seule la basicité de surface du catalyseur a un impact négatif sur la sélectivité en diazote. Les autres paramètres étudiés sont non significatifs. Le travail réalisé sur les conditions opératoires (PO2, T, mcatalyseur, pH et concentration d'ammoniaque) toujours en présence de Pt/TiO2 ont montré qu'il est nécessaire de contrôler la fonction oxydante et notamment le rapport nO2/nNH3. En effet, si la valeur de ce rapport est trop élevée (nO2/nNH3 >> 0,75) alors la sélectivité en diazote se dégrade fortement. Pour terminer, des catalyseurs bimétalliques PtIr/TiO2 et PtPd/TiO2 ont été préparés afin d'allier l'activité du platine à la sélectivité en diazote du palladium ou iridium. L'utilisation de ces catalyseurs s'avère peu intéressante car leur comportement est similaire à celui des mélanges mécaniques. De plus, la sélectivité en diazote est également dégradée pour nO2/nNH3 >> 0,75 avec ces catalyseurs / TiO2, ZrO2, CeO2 and CeZrO2 supported noble metal catalysts (Pt, Pd, Ir, Ru and Rh) have been in a first time prepared to be used in the Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation of ammonia. The first results show that platinum is the most active metal. Palladium and iridium are the most selective toward nitrogen. Pt/TiO2 is the most interesting catalyst because it combines a very strong activity and a selectivity toward nitrogen close to iridium and palladium. An in-depth study on this catalyst (preparation method, nature of the metallic precursor…) shows that the single parameter which has a negative impact on the selectivity toward nitrogen is the basicity of the catalyst surface. The work realized on the operating conditions (PO2, catalyst weight, pH and ammonia concentration) in the presence of Pt/TiO2 shows the necessity to control the oxidizing function and particularly the nO2/nNH3 ratio. Indeed, if the value of this ratio is too high (nO2/nNH3 >> 0,75) then the selectivity toward nitrogen degrades strongly. To end, PtIr/TiO2 and PtPd/TiO2 bimetallic catalysts have been prepared to combine the activity of the platinum and the selectivity of palladium/iridium to nitrogen. These catalysts are not interesting because their behaviour is similar to the mechanical mixtures. Furthermore, the selectivity toward nitrogen is also degraded for nO2/nNH3 >> 0,75 with these catalysts
94

Identification des communautés microbiennes des lobes terminaux du système turbiditique du Congo / Identification of microbial communities in the terminal lobes of the Congo turbiditic system

Bessette, Sandrine 03 May 2016 (has links)
L'éventail sous-marin profond du Congo, situé sur la marge continentale Congo-Angolaise (côte Ouest Africaine, Océan Atlantique Equatorial Sud) représente un écosystème sédimentaire marin profond unique.Celui-ci est caractérisé par de forts apports en matière organique provenant du fleuve Congo, qui se déversent le long du canyon et au travers de systèmes chenal Jevées actuels jusque dans les zones les plus profondes (5 000 m) où se développe le système des lobes.L'objectif de cette thèse est d'étudier la distribution spatiale et la diversité phylogénétique et fonctionnelle des communautés archéennes et bactériennes en relation avec les caractéristiques et les contraintes de I'environnement.Cette étude a permis de mettre en évidence une distribution géographique régionale et locale des communautés microbiennes contraintes par la distance des différents lobes par rapport à l'embouchure du chenal. La distribution des communautés microbiennes est liée à la disponibilité en accepteurs et donneurs d'électrons issus de la diagénèse précoce de la matière organique. La composition et l'identité taxonomique de ces communautés microbiennes sont comparables aux communautés rencontrées dans des sédiments marins et des zones d'émission de fluides froids riches en méthane.Cette étude révèle également des densités cellulaires relativement élevées de bactéries méthanotrophes aérobies associées à différents habitats sédimentaires particuliers, colonisés par des bivalves Vesicomyidae, des tapis microbiens et des sédiments réduits caractéristiques des environnements d'émissions de fluides froids riches en méthane et hydrogène sulfuré. Ces communautés sont non seulement apparentées à celles rencontrées dans des habitats d'émissions de fluides froids, mais également à celles des habitats terrestres, malgré la distance ~ 1000 km des côtes Africaines.Les travaux menés au cours de cette thèse montrent l'intérêt des études pluridisciplinaires pour comprendre la diversité et le fonctionnement des écosystèmes dans les lobes terminaux du système turbiditique du Congo et apportent de nouvelles informations sur la diversité des microorganismes peu explorée dans les éventails sous-marins profonds. / The Congo deep sea fan, located in the Congo-Angola continental margin (West African coast, Equatorial South Atlantic Ocean) represents a unique deep-sea sedimentary ecosystem. It is characterized by high organic matter inputs from the Congo River, that flow along a canyon and through presently active channel system-lifted into the deeper areas (5 000 m) where the lobes system develops.The aim of this thesis is to study the spatial distribution as well as the phylogenetic and functional diversity of archaeal and bacterial communities in relation with environmental characteristics and constraints of the terminal lobes of the Congo deep see fan, one of the largest submarine fan systems in the world.This study highlights geographical distribution of microbial communities constrained by the distal and proximal distance of the different lobes from the Congo river's channel mouth as well as linked to the electron donor and acceptor availability from organic matter diagenesis. This study revealed quite high abundance of aerobic methane oxidizing bacteria cells at peculiar sedimentary habitats dominated by Vesicomyid bivalves, microbial mats and reduced sediments typical of cold-seep environments. These communities are not only related to the ones encountered in cold seeps, but also to the ones in terrestrial habitats despite an approximately distance of 1000 km offshore the African coast.This thesis underlines the interest of pluridisciplinary studies to understand the ecosystem diversity and functioning in the terminal lobes of the Congo turbiditic system and provides further insights into the underexplored microbial diversity from deep-sea fans.
95

Influence de l'activité bactérienne ferro-oxydante et ferriréductrice sur les propriétés minéralogiques et micromécaniques du minerai de fer dans le contexte des mines abandonnées de Lorraine / Influence of the iron-oxidizing and iron-reducing bacterial activity on the mineral and micromecanical properties of the iron ore, in the frame work of the abandoned mines of Lorraine

Maitte, Baptiste 14 December 2015 (has links)
Les effondrements miniers en Lorraine (France) ont pour origine la rupture des piliers de soutien constitués de minerai de fer. Leur rupture n'est pas seulement due aux seules contraintes mécaniques qu’exerce le recouvrement mais également aux différentes transformations minéralogiques du minerai de fer, compromettant sa cohésion et sa résistance et par conséquent, la stabilité des piliers. On parle alors d’altération/vieillissement minéralogique du minerai de fer. Les mécanismes chimiques qui entrainent ces transformations minéralogiques sont désormais bien connus mais l’influence de l’activité bactérienne n’est pas encore bien comprise. Des travaux préliminaires ayant soulevé le rôle possible des activités microbiennes, ce travail de thèse s'est alors appliqué à identifier les métabolismes bactériens susceptibles de réagir avec le minerai de fer en conditions aérobie et anaérobie, et à en caractériser les effets physico-chimiques, minéralogiques et mécaniques. Les groupes métaboliques bactériens suspectés d’être impliqués dans ces réactions (activités ferri-réductrices, ferro-oxydantes et sulfato-réductrices) ont été identifiés dans les eaux de mine et incubés en présence du minerai de fer, en souche pure ou avec un consortium issu de l’eau de mine. Les bactéries ferri-réductrices (IRB), sulfato-réductrices (BSR) et acidophiles ferro-oxydantes ont été les seules qui, dans les conditions de laboratoire, ont impacté significativement le minerai en modifiant le ratio Fe(II)/Fe(III). Une phase ferro-carbonatée et de la pyrite se sont formées respectivement au cours des incubations avec les IRB et BSR, et ont été caractérisées par analyse du solide (spectroscopies infrarouge en réflexion diffuse (DRIFTS) et Mössbauer et par diffraction aux rayons X). Des bactéries nitrate-réductrices ont aussi été testées et aucune modification significative du ratio Fe(II)/Fe(III) du minerai de fer n’a été observée. Enfin, les propriétés mécaniques du minerai de fer ont été mesurées après les réactions d’oxydo-réduction biologiques et purement chimiques. Des modifications sensibles de ces propriétés mécaniques par rapport à l’état initial ont ainsi pu être mises en évidence. Sur la base de ces résultats, l’hypothèse de l’altération mécanique du minerai de fer par des activités microbiennes est donc tout à fait réaliste. / Mine collapses occurred in Lorraine (France) because of the failure of safety pillars made of iron ore. Their failure is not only due to the mechanic stresses applied by the overburden, but also due to the various mineralogical transformations in iron ore which decrease material cohesion and resistance and thus stability of pillars. This is called mineralogical alteration/ageing of iron ore. Chemical mechanisms inducing these mineralogical transformations are now well known but the influence of microbial activity is not well understood yet. Preliminary works have raised the possible role of microbial activity, then the focus of this work was to identify the various bacterial metabolisms capable of reacting with iron ore and to characterize the physico-chemical, mineralogical and mechanical effects. The bacterial metabolism groups possibly implied in these reactions (iron-reducing (IRB), iron-oxidizing and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB)) were identified from the mine water. As pure strain or as consortium, these bacteria were incubated with iron ore. Under laboratory conditions, only iron-reducing, sulfate-reducing and acidophilic iron-oxidizing bacteria impacted iron ore samples by modifying the Fe(II)/Fe(III) ratio. A ferrous-carbonate phase and pyrite were formed during incubations with IRB and SRB, respectively. These minerals were characterized from analysis of the solid phase (Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS), Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction). The impact nitrate-reducing bacteria was also tested but the Fe(II)/Fe(III) ratio of iron ore was not modified significantly. Finally, mechanical properties of iron ore were measured after microbial and purely chemical redox reactions. Discernible modifications of these mechanical properties were observed. From these results, the alteration of iron ore mechanical properties by bacterial activities is a realistic assumption.
96

QUANTIFYING CARBON FLUXES AND ISOTOPIC SIGNATURE CHANGES ACROSS GLOBAL TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS

Youmi Oh (9179345) 29 July 2020 (has links)
<p>This thesis is a collection of three research articles to quantify carbon fluxes and isotopic signature changes across global terrestrial ecosystems. Chapter 2, the first article of this thesis, focuses on the importance of an under-estimated methane soil sink for contemporary and future methane budgets in the pan-Arctic region. Methane emissions from organic-rich soils in the Arctic have been extensively studied due to their potential to increase the atmospheric methane burden as permafrost thaws. However, this methane source might have been overestimated without considering high affinity methanotrophs (HAM, methane oxidizing bacteria) recently identified in Arctic mineral soils. From this study, we find that HAM dynamics double the upland methane sink (~5.5 TgCH<sub>4</sub>yr<sup>-1</sup>) north of 50°N in simulations from 2000 to 2016 by integrating the dynamics of HAM and methanogens into a biogeochemistry model that includes permafrost soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics. The increase is equivalent to at least half of the difference in net methane emissions estimated between process-based models and observation-based inversions, and the revised estimates better match site-level and regional observations. The new model projects double wetland methane emissions between 2017-2100 due to more accessible permafrost carbon. However, most of the increase in wetland emissions is offset by a concordant increase in the upland sink, leading to only an 18% increase in net methane emission (from 29 to 35 TgCH<sub>4</sub>yr<sup>-1</sup>). The projected net methane emissions may decrease further due to different physiological responses between HAM and methanogens in response to increasing temperature. This article was published in <i>Nature Climate Change</i> in March 2020.</p> <p>In Chapter 3, the second article of this thesis, I develop and validate the first biogeochemistry model to simulate carbon isotopic signatures (δ<sup>13</sup>C) of methane emitted from global wetlands, and examined the importance of the wetland carbon isotope map for studying the global methane cycle. I incorporated a carbon isotope-enabled module into an extant biogeochemistry model to mechanistically simulate the spatial and temporal variability of global wetland δ<sup>13</sup>C-CH<sub>4</sub>. The new model explicitly considers isotopic fractionation during methane production, oxidation, and transport processes. I estimate a mean global wetland δ<sup>13</sup>C-CH<sub>4</sub> of -60.78‰ with its seasonal and inter-annual variability. I find that the new model matches field chamber observations 35% better in terms of root mean square estimates compared to an empirical static wetland δ<sup>13</sup>C-CH<sub>4</sub> map. The model also reasonably reproduces the regional heterogeneity of wetland δ<sup>13</sup>C-CH<sub>4</sub> in Alaska, consistent with vertical profiles of δ<sup>13</sup>C-CH<sub>4</sub> from NOAA aircraft measurements. Furthermore, I show that the latitudinal gradient of atmospheric δ<sup>13</sup>C-CH<sub>4</sub> simulated by a chemical transport model using the new wetland δ<sup>13</sup>C-CH<sub>4</sub> map reproduces the observed latitudinal gradient based on NOAA/INSTAAR global flask-air measurements. I believe this study is the first process-based biogeochemistry model to map the global distribution of wetland δ<sup>13</sup>C-CH<sub>4</sub>, which will significantly help atmospheric chemistry transport models partition global methane emissions. This article is in preparation for submission to <i>Nature Geoscience</i>.</p> <p>Chapter 4 of this thesis, the third article, investigates the importance of leaf carbon allocation for seasonal leaf carbon isotopic signature changes and water use efficiency in temperate forests. Temperate deciduous trees remobilize stored carbon early in the growing season to produce new leaves and xylem vessels. The use of remobilized carbon for building leaf tissue dampens the link between environmental stomatal response and inferred intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) using leaf carbon isotopic signatures (δ<sup>13</sup>C). So far, few studies consider carbon allocation processes in interpreting leaf δ<sup>13</sup>C signals. To understand effects of carbon allocation on δ<sup>13</sup>C and iWUE estimates, we analyzed and modeled the seasonal leaf δ<sup>13</sup>C of four temperate deciduous species (<i>Acer saccharum, Liriodendron tulipifera, Sassafras albidum, </i>and <i>Quercus alba</i>) and compared the iWUE estimates from different methods, species, and drought conditions. At the start of the growing season, leaf δ<sup>13</sup>C values were more enriched, due to remobilized carbon during leaf-out. The bias towards enriched leaf δ<sup>13</sup>C values explains the higher iWUE from leaf isotopic methods compared with iWUE from leaf gas exchange measurements. I further showed that the discrepancy of iWUE estimates between methods may be species-specific and drought sensitive. The use of δ<sup>13</sup>C of plant tissues as a proxy for stomatal response to environmental processes, through iWUE, is complicated due to carbon allocation and care must be taken when interpreting estimates to avoid proxy bias. This article is in review for publication in <i>New Phytologist</i>.</p> <p> </p>
97

Исследование кинетики генерирования пероксильных радикалов потенциометрическим методом модели 2,2'-азобис(2-метилпропионамидин)дигидрохлорида : магистерская диссертация / Investigation of the kinetics of generation and inhibitory action of peroxy radicals by potentiometric method on the 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AARH) model

Давлетчурина, А. Г., Davletchurina, A. G. January 2017 (has links)
The aim of this work is to study the kinetics of generation and inhibitory action of peroxy radicals by the potentiometric method on the 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAРH) model. The paper describes the causes and the effects of free radicals in the human body, the body's antioxidant system and methods for determining antioxidant / antiradical activity. In the course of the work, the kinetic parameters of the AAPH reaction with hexacyanoferrate (II) of potassium were studied by a potentiometric method. / Целью данной работы является исследование кинетики генерирования и ингибирующего действия пероксильных радикалов потенциометрическим методом на модели 2,2'-азобис(2-метилпропионамидин) дигидрохлорида (ААРН). В работе описаны причины возникновения и действия свободных радикалов в организме человека, антиоксидантная система организма и методы определения антиоксидантной/антирадикальной активности. В процессе работы исследованы кинетические параметры реакции ААРН с гексацианоферратом (II) калия потенциометрическим методом.
98

Evaluation of Nitration/Anammox process by bacterial activity tests.

Mika, Anna January 2015 (has links)
Partial Nitritation/Anammox process (deammonification process), by which occurs oxidation of ammonium to nitrogen gas by autotrophic bacteria in anaerobic conditions, considered to be cost-effective and environmentally friendly method of nitrogen removal. Present research work focuses on achieving a high nitrogen removal degree, thanks to Anammox bacteria, while providing the best performance of the ongoing process. Integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) reactor was supplied with the main stream of the wastewater after UASB reactor, characterized by low concentration of nitrogen and organic matter. The bacteria ability to accommodate, were tested in the biofilm and in the activated sludge, depending on the different stages in which the process were being conducted. Batch test, such as Specific Anammox Activity (SAA), Nitrate Uptake Rate (NUR) and Oxygen Uptake Rate (OUR), were used for the evaluation of activity of various groups of bacteria. On the basis of laboratory analysis verified the values obtained from the batch tests. It was determined that a high degree of nitrogen removal (92% of NH4-N) was achieved thanks to the dominant activity of the Anammox bacteria, with low participation of other groups of bacteria. It was also proved, that Anammox bacteria activity were overwhelming in the biofilm. Dominant role of Ammonium Oxidizing Bacteria (AOB) was associated with high activity of Anammox bacteria, which together satisfyingly out-competed Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria (NOB) and heterotrophic bacteria. It has been shown that Anammox bacteria quickly adapt to the new conditions and they are able to assume a dominant role, even in the case of inoculation of the reactor with the sludge from SBR. This allows conclude, that in the case of operational problems, the reactor can be supplied from another source, in order not to inhibit the process.

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