Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin, 1922. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Bibliography: p. [vii]-viii.

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In der vorliegenden Dissertation werden fünfzehn griechische Papyri der Berliner Papyrussammlung zum ersten Mal ediert. Die Papyri veranschaulichen verschiedene Aspekte des sozialen, administrativen, wirtschaftlichen und kulturellen Lebens im griechisch-römisch-byzantinischen Ägypten zwischen dem 3. Jh. v.Chr. und dem 7. Jh. n.Chr. Sie wurden durch Ausgrabungen oder Ankäufe des Ägyptischen Museums Berlin in verschiedenen Ortschaften Ägyptens erworben. Die Dissertation gliedert sich in drei Hauptteile, die den unterschiedlichen Textgattungen der edierten Papyri entsprechen: ‚Literatur‘, ‚Wissenschaft‘ und ‚Dokumentarische Papyri‘. Im ersten Teil ‚Literatur‘ werden zunächst die wichtigsten Merkmale der homerischen Papyri dargelegt. Es werden in erster Linie der Beitrag der Papyri zur textkritischen Rekonstruktion der Ilias und der Odyssee sowie die besondere Stellung Homers als Bezugspunkt der griechischen kulturellen Identität in Ägypten besprochen. Daraufhin wird ein Papyrus mit Resten der Odyssee XIX ediert. Im Teil ‚Wissenschaft‘ wird ein spezieller Bereich der antiken Medizin, die Pharmakologie, anhand von drei Papyri mit medizinischen Rezepten dargestellt. Anschließend werden elf dokumentarische Papyri präsentiert, die neue Belege zur Untersuchung von spezifischen Kernproblematiken des griechisch-römisch-byzantinischen Ägyptens liefern und Aspekte des alltäglichen Lebens des Landes beleuchten. Jeder Papyrus bringt neue Belege für Wörter, Ausdrücke, Konzepte oder Dokumentarten zu Tage, die Anlässe zu weiteren Forschungen innerhalb der Papyrologie, aber auch der Alten Geschichte und der Klassischen Philologie bieten. / The dissertation presents the first edition of fifteen unpublished Greek papyri preserved in the Egyptian Museum and Papyrus Collection in Berlin. The papyri illustrate various aspects of the social, administrative, economic and cultural life of Graeco-Roman-Byzantine Egypt from the 3rd century BCE until the 7th century CE. They were acquired by the Egyptian Museum in Berlin through excavations or purchases from various sites in Egypt. The dissertation is divided into three main sections, which correspond to the different typologies of texts edited: ‘Literature’, ‘Science’ and ‘Documentary Papyri’. The first part, ‘Literature’, opens with a brief excursus on the Homeric papyri, which focuses in particular on the papyri’s contribution to the reconstruction of the ancient text of the Iliad and the Odyssey and discusses the central role of Homer as a point of reference for the Greek cultural identity in Egypt. The excursus provides a framework for the first papyrus edited in the dissertation, which contains parts of Odyssey XIX. The second part, ‘Science’, deals with papyri of medical content, focusing especially on a particular area of ancient medicine: pharmacology. This section presents the editions of three medical papyri containing recipes for various scopes. The third part contains editions of eleven documentary papyri, which shed light on specific aspects of everyday life in Greco-Roman-Byzantine Egypt. Each papyrus provides new attestations for words, expressions, concepts and types of documents, which could be helpful for further research not only within the field of Papyrology but also of Ancient History and Classical Philology.

This thesis presents twenty-one unpublished Greek literary and documentary texts from Oxyrhynchus kept in the Sackler Library, Oxford. Each papyrus is identified, transcribed, and edited with a detailed introduction and notes largely in accordance with the conventions and format of presentation of The Oxyrhynchus Papyri (London 1898–). The literary texts are diverse in content. The item of especial interest is a new fragment from Sophocles’ Tereus, which joins a quotation from Stobaeus’ Anthologium. It provides new information on the play’s dramatis personae and the long vexed question of where the quotation is to be located in the play. Another new text is the remains of an unknown hexameter poem on a mythical subject which refers to the Lapiths and Centaurs. From the known texts, a minute fragment of Polybius’ Historiae, a fragment Plutarch’s Alexander and two fragments of Plato’s Philebus stand out due to the rarity of these texts. The documentary texts illustrate a variety of matters tending on social, economic, fiscal, and legal aspects of life in Roman and late antique Oxyrhynchus. Of the texts from the Roman period, a text dealing with the execution of a testamentary bequest and another text concerning a summons to the prefect’s conventus are notable for the information which they provide on the functioning of testamentary bequests and the practice of litigation respectively. Of the four texts from the Byzantine period, an Oxyrhynchite lease of land is of special importance due to the comparative rarity of documents of this kind from Oxyrhynchus and because it exhibits a number of points of interest, not least that the lessee is a colonus adscripticius. A ‘sale on delivery of wine’ also involves a colonus adscripticius. The other document of special interest is a large private letter which concerns various matters of business from a man who claims to be in a precarious situation.

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Medicine and healing, constantly changing through time, have always been important aspects of life. The desire to avoid the inevitable state of death has driven mankind in all corners of the world to develop certain ways of prolonging life from a very early time. While it is recognized in the modern day that disease and infection are caused by microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria and parasites, the ancient Egyptians believed that gods, demons, and spirits played the main roles in causing such troubles. Therefore, it does not seem strange that, besides being devoted to the use of various natural drugs and materials in healing treatments, the ancient Egyptians also incorporated religion and magic into their treatment methods. Magic, religion, and medicine enjoyed an equal symbiosis all throughout the Pharaonic times, and one cannot easily separate one from the other. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there is any kind of systematics in the way magic was used in ancient Egyptian healing treatments, specifically in the treatments involving incantations and spells. The comparison of the relevant treatments in relation to each other will be conducted both within and in between the individual papyri. The surviving ancient medical papyri are a handful of texts ranging approximately from 1800 BC to 300 AD and give us a precious idea of what the arts of medicine and healing could have looked like in the ancient Egyptian world. A chosen number of the ancient papyri, dated to the 18th dynasty, will be studied in order to better understand the concept of healing and, more significantly, the importance of the power in words. The main sources used are the ancient material of the medical papyri themselves, complemented by a knowledgebase built on the plentiful previous research on the subject available. Numerous studies on the subject of both medicine and magic in ancient Egypt, as well as on the surviving medical papyri have been conducted since the end of the 19th century. The collection of ‘Grundriss der medizin der alten Ägypter’, consisting of nine volumes, was published between the years of 1954 to 1973 and still stands as the most extensive study on the combined ancient Egyptian medical papyri. Several works on the different individual papyri, mainly the Edwin Smith papyrus and the Ebers papyrus, have also been published throughout the years. While there does not appear to have been any intentional systematics in the way the ancient Egyptians conducted their treatment methods containing incantations, there are similarities to be observed. It seems clear that rational medicine and magical incantations and rites, together with the fundamental element of religion, was the ideal combination in the treatment of any condition or complaint.

La figure du stratège joue un rôle fondamental dans l’administration de l’Égypte à l’époque romaine. Parmi les papyrus grecs provenant de l’Égypte, une trentaine de textes d’annonces publiques, émises par ce fonctionnaire, ont été conservés. Leur contenu concerne de multiples aspects de l’administration du nome ; une quinzaine de ces annonces environ concernent la nomination à la fonction de liturge, et forment un groupe homogène. La caractéristique de ces annonces contenant des nominations aux liturgies, c’est qu’elles sont exposées au public : de cette manière, toute la communauté et, notamment, les personnes concernées peuvent connaître les noms des personnes chargées d’exécuter une liturgie donnée. Pour ce type d’avis, le langage bureaucratique va certainement utiliser le terme de προγράμματα. Le système d’attribution de ces fonctions est amplement utilisé au cours des IIe et IIIe siècles apr. J.-C. par les Romains, qui héritent une coutume déjà présente en Égypte sous la dynastie ptolémaïque, mais dont ils développent cependant les potentialités. Les liturgies sont formées par des prestations et des services dont doivent s’acquitter les sujets égyptiens de l’empire qui vivent dans les cités et les villages. Ces services varient amplement quant au cadre – de la culture et de l’entretien des canaux, à l’adjudication des impôts, et aux charges administratives locales –, mais aussi en ce qui concerne leur durée et leur engagement économique exigé. Notre étude prévoit la réédition des textes d’après les originaux ou des photos numérisées haute définition : une partie du travail, en effet, sera consacrée à la réalisation de tableaux contenant les images de chaque προγράμμα. / The strategus plays a key role in the Roman administration of Egypt. About 30 texts are preserved among Greek papyri from Egypt, which are public notices published by that officer. The subjects of these documents are various and related to different aspects of the regional administration (nomos); approximately fifteen of them concern the appointment to liturgies and they form an homogenous group. The proclamations containing the liturgical appointments are always posted in public in order to let the community, and specifically the concerned people, know the names of those who will be in charge of the compulsory public services. This kind of proclamations are known as προγράμματα in bureaucratic language. The liturgical system assigning compulsory services is widely used during the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD by Romans, who inherit this custom, which was already prevailing during the Ptolemaic dynasty, and developed its full potential. The liturgies consist in services performed by the Egyptian subjects of the empire who lived in towns and villages. Such services cover a wealth of fields of work, from cultivating the land and maintaining the irrigation system to tax-farming and local administration tasks, and the term and the economic burden required could be different for each of them. My work involves the editing of the texts based on the original copies or using high resolution images: an important part of the work will be actually devoted to setting up plates containing the images of each πρóγραμμα.

Humboldt-Univ., Diss.--Berlin, 2005. / Literaturverz. S. [419] - 436.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 302-327). Also available on the Internet.

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