Bochum, Univ., Diss., 2002. / Computerdatei im Fernzugriff ; das Oeffnen des Links kann einige Minuten dauern, da es sich um eine relativ grosse Datei handelt (32,4 MB).

Bochum, Universiẗat, Diss., 2002.

Thesis--New York University. / Authorized facsimile of typescript reproduced by microfilm-xerography. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 261-289).

This thesis describes one individual's contribution to a larger effort, an exploration that involved some thirty-two other students from the Accademia di Architettura in Mendrisio, Switzerland. Our shared task was to study a bucolic agrarian region of Northern Italy and propose a strategy for its development. All projects ultimately included in the Atelier's vision were to have a significant strategic value to the territory, resonating with and magnifying the landscape's existing qualities. They were to intensify its complex identity without further complicating it. Included in this document are the author's initial impressions of the region as recorded over a series of visits to the place as well as a reaction to these impressions, an architectural response in the form of a cinema multiplex over the Pavese and its fields. / Master of Architecture

The following thesis is comprised of a pair of projects focused on the making of architecture through the concept of framing. The work was conducted at the Academia d'Architettura in Mendrisio, Switzerland, under the direction of Peter Zumthor, Miguel Kreisler and Myriam Sterling, emphasizing the relationship between ordered structures and contextual propriety. The making of architecture is inherently most pure when approached as the subtraction of unnecessary elements and a distillation of what is required for a specific program on a particular site. Life is given to structure through habitation; therefore the senses of the inhabitant must be engaged through interaction with the philosophical and tectonic elements of a place. In this didactic, the structure is made complete by its inhabitation and it completes the sensory framing of place by establishing the vantage point of the inhabitant. The confluence of inhabiting space and marking place together result in an architecture of experience. / Master of Architecture

Le succès éditorial et critique de l'Oraison sur l'origine et l'office de la littérature (1809) de Foscolo a laissé dans l'ombre les autres textes du corpus des cours que l'écrivain italien assura à l'Université de Pavie. Ce travail souhaite éclairer cet aspect de l'œuvre de Foscolo, souvent négligé par la critique littéraire. A cette fin nous reconstruisons l'activité d'enseignement de Foscolo à Pavie et la place qu'elle assume dans sa réflexion littéraire et philosophique. Les cours concentrent à eux tous seuls bon nombre de motifs-clé de sa production littéraire. Ils catalysent les suggestions provenant de ses lectures et des débats littéraires des années précédentes qui avaient nourri une réflexion restée jusque-là à l'état fragmentaire tout en préparant la systématisation de sa pensée critique qui caractérise la production de sa période anglaise (1817-1827). En particulier, dans ces cours, Foscolo poursuit deux objectifs principaux : 1) définir la fonction civique de l'homme de lettres à travers une nouvelle caractérisation éthique et politique de l'éloquence ; 2) formuler un projet éducatif qui s'adresse à la classe moyenne, d'où émerge la nécessité de créer une langue unitaire et une tradition littéraire nationale et la revendication d'un nouveau modèle d'historiographie qui dépasse les limites de l'érudition du XVIIIe siècle. Cette étude est complétée par la reconstruction de l'histoire éditoriale des cours et leur commentaire. Le texte revu et corrigé critiquement (par rapport à la dernière édition, celle d'Emilio Santini, qui ne rend pas compte d'importantes corrections et variantes) sert de base pour le commentaire, une annotation critique et historique qui illustre les sources utilisées par Foscolo et de usage, direct ou indirect, qu'il en fit dans sa réflexion littéraire, philosophique et linguistique / The positive reviews – both editorial and critical – achieved by Foscolo's 1809 lecture On the origin and duty of literature have overshadowed the Italian author's text corpus of the classes he's given at the University of Pavia. This study is willing to explain this specific aspect of Foscolo's work, often skipped by literary criticism. For this aim we reenact Foscolo's teaching experience in Pavia and the importance of it in His philosophical and literary thought. His classes alone include a good number of key themes of His literary work. Those catalyze the suggestions coming from his readings and the literary debates of the previous years, that have fed His thinking, at that time still in development , but soon to be settled in His critical thought, clearly visible in His English period work (1817-1827). In these classes particularly, Foscolo tries to reach two primary goals: 1) to define the civil duties of a literary man by a new ethical and political definition of oratory; 2) to create an educational project for the middle class; hence it bursts the need for creating a common unitary language and a national literary tradition as well as the assert of a new historiographical model, able to go beyond the Eighteenth Century scholarship boundaries. This study is concluded with a timeline reconstruction of the publishing history of His classes and their commentary. Such text lessons, critically revised and corrected (compared to their last edition available – edited by Emilio Santini – that failed to consider important revisions and different versions) are the foundation of the commentary, a critical and historical marginalia showing the sources used by Foscolo and of the use – either directly or indirectly – he made in His literary, philosophical and linguistic thought

D’Ausone à Ennode de Pavie, de nombreux hommes de lettres de l’Antiquité tardive ont conjugué une production épistolaire abondante avec la rédaction d’épigrammes.. Ennode de Pavie a d’ailleurs organisé le recueil complet de ses œuvres autour d’une alternance entre épigrammes et lettres, mettant ainsi en relief la relation étroite, véritable dialogue générique, qui se noue entre l’épigramme et la lettre. Cependant, malgré ces nombreux points communs, les travaux critiques ont dans l’ensemble négligé d’en conduire l’étude de façon parallèle. C’est à ce projet original que nous entendons consacrer notre thèse. Tout d’abord, nous nous penchons sur l’aspect stylistique de cette contiguïté générique, à travers les critères communs de breuitas et d’humilitas, ainsi que sur la prédominance d’une certaine forme de maniérisme. Nous penchant ensuite sur l’aspect social et communicationnel des deux genres, nous les rapprochons en tant que media adoptant un système communicationnel commun et des lieux de créations sociaux identiques. Enfin, comme terme de notre logique comparative, nous incluons la contiguïté entre lettre et épigramme dans une réflexion plus large sur le phénomène général d’hybridation qui sous-tend cette époque. Ce dernier mouvement consiste dans l’étude de formes hybrides, mêlant lettre et épigramme, dans une perspective à la fois stylistique, littéraire et ecdotique, mais également dans l’étude d’une autre forme d’hybridation littéraire présente dans les deux genres : le bilinguisme où grec et latin se mêlent et se réinventent dans une époque de transition culturelle. / From Ausonius to Ennodius of Pavia, including Paulinus of Nola, Symmachus and Sidonius Apollinaris, many men of letters, in late Antiquity, wrote both letters and epigrams. Besides, Ennodius himself has organized his complete work alternating epigrams and letters, and highliting the close connection between those two genres. However, despite theirs numerous common features, the critics did not bother to draw a parrallel between them. Thus, we want to devote ourselves to this original point of view. First of all, we study the stylistic aspect of this generic connection, through two main common criteria. One the one hand, the breuitas and the humilitas, and in the other hand, the predominance of a certain form of mannerism. Then, considering the social and communicational aspects of those genres, we bring them together as medias adopting a common communicationnal system, and using the same places of creation. Finally, we include our reflexion in a broader one, about the phenomenon of genre-switching in Late Antiquity. This final movement consists in a studic of hybrid forms, in an ecdotic, stylistic point of view, but also in the study of latin-grec bilingualism.

The objective of this licentiate thesis is to develop novel algorithms and improve existing methods for urban land cover mapping and urban extent extraction using multi-temporal remote sensing imagery. Past studies have demonstrated that synthetic aperture radar (SAR) have very good properties for the analysis of urban areas, the synergy of SAR and optical data is advantageous for various applications. The specific objectives of this research are: 1. To develop a novel edge-aware region-growing and -merging algorithm, KTH-SEG, for effective segmentation of SAR and optical data for urban land cover mapping; 2. To evaluate the synergistic effects of multi-temporal ENVISAT ASAR and HJ-1B multi-spectral data for urban land cover mapping; 3. To improve the robustness of an existing method for urban extent extraction by adding effective pre- and post-processing. ENVISAT ASAR data and the Chinese HJ-1B multispectral , as well as TerraSAR-X data were used in this research. For objectives 1 and 2 two main study areas were chosen, Beijing and Shanghai, China. For both sites a number of multitemporal ENVISAT ASAR (30m C-band) scenes with varying image characteristics were selected during the vegetated season of 2009. For Shanghai TerraSAR-X strip-map images at 3m resolution X-band) were acquired for a similar period in 2010 to also evaluate high resolution X-band SAR for urban land cover mapping. Ten  major landcover classes were extracted including high density built-up, low density built-up, bare field, low vegetation, forest, golf course, grass, water, airport runway and major road. For Objective 3, eleven globally distributed study areas where chosen, Berlin, Beijing, Jakarta, Lagos, Lombardia (northern Italy), Mexico City, Mumbai, New York City, Rio de Janeiro, Stockholm and Sydney. For all cities ENVISAT ASAR imagery was acquired and for cities in or close to mountains even SRTM digital elevation data. The methodology of this thesis includes two major components, KTH-SEG and KTH-Pavia Urban Extractor. KTH-SEG is an edge aware region-growing and -merging algorithm that utilizes both the benefit of finding local high frequency changes as well as determining robustly homogeneous areas of a low frequency in local change. The post-segmentation classification is performed using support vector machines. KTH-SEG was evaluated using multitemporal, multi-angle, dual-polarization ASAR data and multispectral HJ-1B data as well as TerraSAR-X data. The KTH-Pavia urban extractor is a processing chain. It includes: Geometrical corrections, contrast enhancement, builtup area extraction using spatial stastistics and GLCM texture features, logical operator based fusion and DEM based mountain masking. For urban land cover classification using multitemporal ENVISAT ASAR data, the results showed that KTH-SEG achieved an overall accuracy of almost 80% (0.77 Kappa ) for the 10 urban land cover classes both Beijign and Shanghai, compared to eCognition results of 75% (0.71 Kappa) In particular the detection of small linear features with respect to the image resolution such as roads in 30m resolved data went well with 83% user accuracy from KTH-SEG versus 57% user accuracy using the segments derived from eCognition. The other urban classes which in particular in SAR imagery are characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity were classified superiorly by KTH-SEG. ECognition in general performed better on vegetation classes such as grass, low vegetation and forest which are usually more homogeneous. It is was also found that the combination of ASAR and HJ-1B optical data was beneficial, increasing the final classification accuracy by at least 10% compared to ASAR or HJ-1B data alone. The results also further confirmed that a higher diversity of SAR type images is more important for the urban classification outcome. However, this is not the case when classifying high resolution TerraSAR-X strip-map imagery. Here the different image characteristics of different look angles, and orbit orientation created more confusion mainly due to the different layover and foreshortening effects on larger buildings. The TerraSAR-X results showed also that accurate urban classification can be achieved using high resolution SAR data alone with almost 84% for  eight classes around the Shanghai international Airport (high and low density built-up were not separated as well as roads and runways). For urban extent extraction, the results demonstrated that built-up areas can be effectively extracted using a single ENVISAT ASAR image in 10 global cities reaching overall accuracies around 85%, compared to 75% of MODIS urban class and 73% GlobCover Urban class. Multitemporal ASAR can improve the urban extraction results by 5-10% in Beijing. Mountain masking applied in Mumbai and Rio de Janeiro increased the accuracy by 3-5%.The research performed in  this thesis has contributed to the remote sensing community by providing algorithms and methods for both extracting urban areas and identifying urban land cover in a more detailed fashion. / <p>QC 20140625</p>