O shopping center ainda é, sem dúvida nenhuma, um local atraente para os clientes realizarem suas compras. O mix de lojas presentes neste modal varejista, responsável pela oferta de serviços como estacionamento, entretenimento, alimentação, além de uma gama interminável de todo tipo de mercadoria que se possa imaginar, é o responsável por atrair, todos os dias, milhares de clientes para seu interior. Não obstante todas essas facilidades, os lojistas de shopping centers estão enfrentando uma forte concorrência de outros modais varejistas como as vendas diretas (por meio de demonstradores), as compras eletrônicas; a venda automática (por meio das máquinas de venda) e os serviços de compras (varejo sem loja que atende a clientes específicos). Em função disso, este trabalho propôs-se a discutir como as lojas poderiam atrair uma maior atenção de seus clientes por intermédio do valor percebido por eles. Este valor, sob a perspectiva do benefício, deriva da avaliação global do cliente quanto às vantagens que ele ganha ao ponderar os benefícios e os sacrifícios percebidos quando adquire produtos. Tais sacrifícios podem ser de ordem não monetária (custos de transação, pesquisa, negociação, tempo incorrido na aquisição do produto etc.). Também se estudou o impacto deste valor na fidelização do cliente a certa loja. Após extensa consulta bibliográfica sobre os conceitos apresentados, adotou-se a metodologia do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC) para se analisar os resultados obtidos na coleta dos dados por meio de entrevista com clientes fiéis de lojas situadas em shoppings. O DSC apoia-se na teoria da representação social, de Jodelet, segundo a qual grupos sociais específicos compartilham ideias e valores comuns em um dado momento. Ele busca, portanto, estabelecer um caminho sistemático para descobrir estas representações sociais destes grupos específicos no que tange aos temas propostos. Os resultados apresentados revelaram que o ambiente da loja e sua imagem influenciaram, muito positivamente, a percepção dos clientes como atributos importantes para se gerar valor percebido, enquanto o prestígio e o local onde a loja está situada dentro do shopping foram avaliados por eles como características medianamente influenciadoras neste sentido. Além disso, verificou-se que o valor percebido pelo cliente influencia, positivamente, em sua decisão de se tornar fiel a determinada loja. No final, foram lembradas ações de marketing que poderiam ser desenvolvidas pelos gestores de loja a fim de alavancarem o valor de loja percebido pelo cliente, na perspectiva dos benefícios, vital à sua fidelização. / The shopping mall is also, undoubtedly, an attractive location for customers to conduct their purchases. The mix of shops present in this retailer modal, responsible for the provision of services such as parking, entertainment, food, and an endless array of all kinds of unimaginable merchandises, is responsible for attracting, every day, thousands of customers to inside the mall. Despite all these easinesses, shopping center tenants are facing strong competition from other retailers modal as direct sales (through demonstrators), electronic shopping; automatic sale (through vending machines) and shopping services (retail without store that caters to specific customers). As a result, this study aimed to discuss how the stores could attract more attention of their customers through the non-monetary value perceived by them. This value, from the perspective of benefits, derives from the overall assessment of the client as to the advantages that he gets to weigh the benefits and perceived sacrifices when he purchase products. Such sacrifices may be non-monetary order (transaction costs, search, negotiation, time incurred in acquiring the product etc.). This Thesis also studied the impact of this value in the loyalty of the customer towards the certain store. After extensive bibliographical research on the concepts presented, we adopted the Collective Subject Discourse methodology (CSD) to analyze the results obtained in data collection through interviews with loyal customers of stores located in malls. The CSD is based on the theory of social representation, from Jodelet, according to which specific social groups share common ideas and values at a given time. It seeks therefore to establish a systematic way to discover these social representations of these specific groups regarding the proposed themes. The presented results show that the store environment and its image influenced very positively the perception of the customer as important attributes to generate non-monetary perceived value, while the prestige and the place where the store is located inside the mall were evaluated by them as moderately influential features in this regard. In addition, it was found that the non-monetary perceived value by the customer influences positively in his decision to become loyal to a particular store. In the end, marketing actions were reminded that could be carried out by store managers to promote the non-monetary perceived value by the customers, vital to their loyalty

Multiple facets of perceived value perceptions drive loyalty intentions. However, this value-loyalty link is not uniform for all customers. In fact, the present study identifies three different segments that are internally consistent and stable across different service industries, using two data sets: the wireless telecommunication industry (sample size 1,122) and the financial services industry (sample size 982). Comparing the results of a single-class solution with finite mixture results confirms the existence of unobserved customer segments. The three segments found are characterized as "rationalists", "functionalists" and "value maximizers". These results point the way for value-based segmentation in loyalty initiatives and reflect the importance of a multidimensional conceptualization of perceived value, comprising cognitive and affective components. The present results substantiate the fact that assuming a homogeneous value-loyalty link provides a misleading view of the market. The paper derives implications for marketing research and practice in terms of segmentation, positioning, loyalty programs and strategic alliances. (authors' abstract)

Abstract A high level of customer perceived value is the key to customer loyalty and to the profitability of customers and companies. It is not enough to meet the customer's needs in order to win customer loyalty. Instead the aim for companies should be to try to delight customers. Customers are delighted when they feel that the product or service not only fulfils their needs and expectations, but also gives them unexpected additional value. Value has been studied widely and there are several different models and theories to describe customer perceived value. In the main, they tend to be too general or insufficient or they do not provide a useful guide for management practices. Therefore the aim of this thesis is to generate a theory for consumer perceived value which could be useful for managements trying to develop superior value so as to improve their customer loyalty. Pre-purchase consumer value was examined applying Grounded Theory methodology and by synthesizing the existing research results. The resulting theory from this synthesis consists of three main stages namely, gaining, sacrifice and purchase factors. The gaining stage has three sub elements: substance, reputation and interaction. All these sub-elements have the same four subcategories: emotional, social, functional and economical elements. What is novel about this research is its treatment of customer perceived value firstly, from the perspectives of the companies – based on three functionally different factors: substance, reputation and interaction – and secondly from the perspective of the customers based on the identified subjective outcomes (i.e. emotional, social, functional and economic factors). Based on this approach companies can develop products based on a better understanding of consumer perceived value.

Este trabajo busca identificar si existe una relación entre el EWOM en redes sociales y el valor percibido de los restaurantes de Poke Bowls en Lima Metropolitana. Este objetivo se logrará a través de un análisis de factores identificados por otros autores que han investigado el creciente fenómeno del EWOM y sus efectos en los distintos segmentos de restaurantes. De esta manera, se han logrado identificar los siguientes factores del EWOM: calidad, precisión, comprensión y actualidad; estos serán el eje del análisis para el boca a boca digital. En adición, se identificó la calidad percibida de la comida, justificación del precio y satisfacción del cliente como los factores más importantes para determinar el valor percibido de un restaurante de Poke Bowls. Por este motivo, se estableció un público objetivo conformado por personas de 18 a 25 años de edad pertenecientes al NSE A y B de la zona 7 de Lima Metropolitana. El presente estudio posee una investigación de campo tanto cualitativa como cuantitativo gracias a la realización de dos focus groups, 3 entrevistas a expertos y 250 encuestas realizadas al target. Asimismo, en la primera parte se podrá encontrar la teoría relacionada al EWOM y el Valor Percibido en restaurantes. Luego, se conocerá la opinión del público objetivo primario y de los expertos sobre estos temas y en cómo pueden relacionarse. Finalmente, se contrastarán sus opiniones y se cuestionarán los objetivos de investigación. / This paper seeks to identify the relationship between EWOM in social networks and the perceived value of Poke Bowl restaurants in Metropolitan Lima. This objective will be achieved through an analysis of factors identified by other authors who have investigated the growing phenomenon of EWOM and its effects on the different restaurant segments. Thus, the following EWOM factors have been identified: quality, precision, understanding and topicality; these will be the axis of the analysis for digital word of mouth. In addition, the perceived quality of the food, price justification and customer satisfaction were identified as the most important factors in determining the perceived value of a Poke Bowl restaurant. For this reason, a target audience was established consisting of people between 18 and 25 years of age belonging to socioeconomic levels A and B in zone 7 of Metropolitan Lima. The present study has a field research that is both qualitative and quantitative thanks to the realization of two focus groups, 3 interviews to experts and 250 surveys to the target. Also, in the first part you'll be able to get the theory related to the EWOM and the Perceived Value in restaurants. Then, the opinion of the primary target audience and experts on these issues and how they can be related will be known. Finally, their opinions will be contrasted and the research objectives will be questioned. / Trabajo de investigación

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como fin poder identificar la relación entre el EWOM y valor percibido frente a la intención de compra online en las cadenas de cine, en hombres y mujeres de Lima Metropolitana. En esta oportunidad, el trabajo consistirá en dos partes: introducción y cuatro capítulos (Marco teórico, Metodología, Resultados y Discusión). El Mobile commerce ha evolucionado en el mundo, y Perú, no es la excepción. Por ende, en el siguiente trabajo de investigación se identificaron variables como el Electronic Word Of Mouth (EWOM) y el valor percibido. De estas variables mencionados, se busca identificar el nivel de significancia que pueden tener frente a la intención de compra en las cadenas de cine. El estudio inicia con investigaciones de diferentes autores con el fin de abordar los conceptos principales como el comercio electrónico, comercio móvil, EWOM, valor percibido e intención de compra. Luego, la investigación presenta una metodología mixta. Por un lado, se realizó un estudio cualitativo para tener una primera llegada al público primario. Así mismo, se realizó entrevistas a especialistas con el objetivo de profundizar el tema y tener un panorama más claro. Por otro lado, se efectuó un estudio cuantitativo mediante una encuesta a 250 personas, con el objetivo de inferir y tener conclusiones exactas de la categoría estudiada. / The purpose of this research work is to identify the relationship between EWOM and perceived value compared to the intention to buy online in cinema chains, in men and women in Metropolitan Lima. In this opportunity, the work will consist of two parts: introduction and four chapters (Theoretical framework, Methodology, Results and Discussion). Mobile commerce has evolved in the world, and Peru is no exception. Therefore, the following research work identified variables such as the Electronic Word Of Mouth (EWOM) and the perceived value. Of these mentioned variables, the aim is to identify the level of significance that they may have in the face of purchase intention in cinema chains. The study begins with investigations by different authors in order to address the main concepts such as electronic commerce, mobile commerce, EWOM, perceived value and purchase intention. Then the research presents a mixed methodology. On the one hand, a qualitative study was carried out to have a first arrival at the primary public. Likewise, interviews with specialists were conducted with the aim of deepening the subject and having a clearer picture. On the other hand, a quantitative study was carried out through a survey of 250 people, with the aim of inferring and having exact conclusions from the category studied. / Trabajo de investigación

Yes / With the advancement of disruptive new technologies, there has been a considerable focus on personalisation as an important component in nurturing users' engagement. In the context of smart cities, Internet of Things (IoT) offer a unique opportunity to help empower citizens and improve societies' engagement with their governments at both micro and macro levels. This study aims to examine the role of perceived value of IoT in improving citizens' engagement with public services. A survey of 313 citizens in the UK, engaging in various public services, enabled through IoT, found that the perceived value of IoT is strongly influenced by empowerment, perceived usefulness and privacy related issues resulting in significantly affecting their continuous use intentions. The study offers valuable insights into the importance of perceived value of IoT-enabled services, while at the same time, providing an intersectional perspective of UK citizens towards the use of disruptive new technologies in the public sector.

<p> This document describes a research study that investigates ways of designing the Web atmospherics of retail shopping sites to better support consumers in their product information seeking. In this regard, the document identifies two significant modes of product information seeking (product browsing and product searching) and concentrates on two specific types of Web atmospherics (information presentation and information focus). Information presentation concerns the format of information displayed on the Web shopping interface, while information focus concerns the granularity of this displayed information. Utilizing these theoretical constructs, this document proposes that: i) matching information presentation to information seeking mode will lead to increased levels of consumer perceived value with Web shopping sites; ii) information seeking mode will influence user preferences for Web page design elements of Web pages with different information focus granularities; iii) information seeking mode will yield distinctive patterns of on-line consumer behavior; and iv) information presentation will impact the extent to which consumers interact with a Web shopping site. </p> <p> In order to investigate the effects of information presentation and information focus on consumer Web information seeking, this document outlines a randomized experiment. The experiment places subjects into either a browsing or searching mode, and manipulates information presentation within a simulated Web shopping environment. Measured outcomes in terms of perceived hedonic and utilitarian values are used to determine interactions between information seeking mode and information presentation. An analysis of test subjects' usage of the experimental Web site is conducted to assess: i) how information presentation and information seeking mode impact test subjects' preferences for Web pages and Web page design elements of different information focus granularities; and ii) the extent to which analysis of the interactions yield distinctive patterns of on-line behavior. </p> <p> Findings from the experiment provide support for two distinct behavioral patterns corresponding to searching and browsing information seeking modes: i) searchers and browsers chose to view Web pages and Web page design elements consistent with their information focus; and ii) on-line behavior is moderated by varying the level of information presentation. Specifically, browsing is associated with a more diffuse information focus than is searching; and as predicted, browsers view more pages and click on hyper-links that are of a more diffuse information focus (category-level pages, view related products) than do searchers. Further the moderating role of information presentation is seen in the number of search pages viewed by searchers and browsers at each level of information presentation. The results also indicate that the perceived hedonic and utilitarian value scales are likely not sufficiently sensitive to measure the experimental manipulations in this experiment. </p> <p> In addition to the running of an experiment, a key deliverable of this research is the development of a research tool that simulates a real-life shopping environment where consumers browse and search for product-related information. The tool allows for placement of subjects into experimental treatments that utilize different renderings of the shopping interface. The tool also provides a means of measuring subject responses through a built-in questionnaire and a behavioral tracking mechanism. Through the running of the experiment, the tool is shown to be effective at producing treatment differences and capturing behavioral patterns of users' interactions with the simulated shopping interface. </p> / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Yes / This study aimed to test multiple constructs of authenticity (i.e., true-to-ideal, true-to-fact, and true-to-self) and examine the structural relationships among authenticity perception, perceived value, positive emotions, and revisit intentions. Gilmore and Pine’s authenticity model suggests that authenticity is strongly related to customers’ trust. Customers perceive chain restaurants as more credible than independent ones. Thus, this model contradicts the widespread argument that independent organizations reflect authenticity. Further investigation is needed to verify the relationship between restaurant ownership type and authenticity perception. Data were collected from 491 Chinese ethnic diners and analyzed using structural modeling analysis. All three authenticity dimensions have significant influence on overall authenticity perceptions. Furthermore, individuals’ authenticity perceptions affect revisit intentions through perceived value and positive emotions. Additionally, the ownership type of ethnic restaurants moderates the effects of the three authenticity dimensions on overall authentic dining experiences. Thus, ethnic restaurateurs should emphasize different authenticity dimensions for uniquely positioned restaurants.

Research and practitioners alike have underscored the importance of customer value creation in marketing. For any marketing practice to be successful, it must first create value for customers. This is also true for the practice of relationship marketing, which is enjoying popularity among organizational marketers. However, there has been a lack of research done on the predictive effects of relationship marketing constructs in relation to buyer perceived value in organizational marketing. In other words, we still know little about the mechanism through which a good relationship enhances customer perceived value. The primary purpose of this study is to conceptually develop and empirically test a model that explains how the quality of a buyer-supplier relationship affects the buyer's value judgment in an organizational purchasing context. In the study, relationship quality is defined as comprising three different but mutually reinforcing dimensions: mutual trust, mutual commitment, and interdependence. Perceived value is conceptualized as an overall assessment of the utility of an offering based on the benefits and costs of accepting an offering. The conceptual model specifies the several routes through which relationship quality impacts buyer perceived value. First, a good relationship increases relationship benefits and reduces relationship costs, which in turn influences customer value perception - the higher the relationship benefits (and lower relationship costs), the higher the customer perceived value. Second, a good relationship reduces decision-making uncertainty. Lower decision-making uncertainty is hypothesized to increase the effects of perceived purchase episode benefits and perceived purchase episode costs on perceived value. The model was generally confirmed by an empirical test based on data collected from a national sample of purchasing managers in the United States. / Ph. D.

Submitted by Cristiane Oliveira (cristiane.oliveira@fgv.br) on 2011-05-24T15:09:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 71070100732.pdf: 949789 bytes, checksum: b5ed680da58e514ca212d2667abf2f17 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzinei Teles Garcia Garcia(suzinei.garcia@fgv.br) on 2011-05-24T15:27:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 71070100732.pdf: 949789 bytes, checksum: b5ed680da58e514ca212d2667abf2f17 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzinei Teles Garcia Garcia(suzinei.garcia@fgv.br) on 2011-05-24T15:28:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 71070100732.pdf: 949789 bytes, checksum: b5ed680da58e514ca212d2667abf2f17 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-24T15:42:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 71070100732.pdf: 949789 bytes, checksum: b5ed680da58e514ca212d2667abf2f17 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-22 / Esta tese tem como tema central o estudo da lealdade de clientes pessoa física por serviços bancários no Brasil. Para estudo do assunto, foram propostos os seguintes objetivos: (1) identificar os fatores que os clientes de serviços bancários associam como benefícios; (2) identificar os sacrifícios incorridos pelos clientes nos serviços bancários; (3) desenvolver uma escala de valor percebido por clientes, pessoa física, de serviços bancários no Brasil; (4) elaborar um modelo teórico que identifique a forma de relacionamento das dimensões de valor que resultam na satisfação, na confiança e na lealdade dos clientes de serviços bancários e (5) testar empiricamente a rede nomológica do modelo desenvolvido, envolvendo valor, confiança, satisfação e lealdade. Inicialmente foi realizada uma revisão da literatura acadêmica acerca dos temas valor percebido, confiança, satisfação, lealdade e segmento bancário brasileiro, além dos aspectos relacionais entre os construtos. Para análise das relações foi proposto um modelo estrutural relacionando os construtos mencionados e composto por 13 (treze) hipóteses. Em seguida, procedeu-se à construção de uma escala de mensuração de valor percebido por clientes de serviços bancários de acordo com as etapas sugeridas pela literatura. A fim de testar e validar a escala foram realizados dois estudos de campo, sendo o primeiro composto por 167 (cento e sessenta e sete) estudantes de graduação e pós graduação que utilizam serviços bancários e o segundo por 341 (trezentos e quarenta e hum) clientes de serviços bancários de diferentes bairros da cidade de Fortaleza, CE. Durante o trabalho de pesquisa descritiva foi utilizado o método de survey (levantamento), baseado na coleta dos dados primários através de questionários estruturados. A análise dos resultados se utilizou de abordagens quantitativas, em especial análise de correlação bivariada, análise de regressão múltipla e técnicas estatísticas de modelagem de equações estruturais. De forma geral, os objetivos da pesquisa foram atendidos, com a validação da escala de mensuração de valor percebido em serviços bancários e com a confirmação de 5 (cinco) hipóteses através da modelagem de equações estruturais que foram: (1) a dimensão qualidade operacional está positivamente relacionada à confiança, (2) a dimensão qualidade operacional influencia positivamente a satisfação do consumidor, (3) a dimensão comodidade e acesso influencia direta e positivamente à satisfação, (4) a satisfação influencia direta e positivamente à confiança e (5) a confiança influencia direta e positivamente à lealdade. Ao final do trabalho, indicações de possíveis aprimoramentos para futuras pesquisas são discutidas. / This research has as main focus the theme loyalty in financial services, specifically in the retail banking sector. The main objectives of the study were: (1) to identify the factors that the banking customers associate as benefits, (2) to identify the sacrifices incurred by customers in retail banking, (3) to develop a customer perceived value measurement scale of banking services in Brazil, (4) to develop a theoretical model that identifies relationships between the value dimensions, satisfaction, trust and loyalty in banking segment and (5) to empirically test the nomological network of the developed model involving value, trust, satisfaction and loyalty. Initially, its was reviewed the academic literature on the topics of perceived value, trust, satisfaction, loyalty and the Brazilian banking sector, besides the relational aspects between the constructs. For the analysis of the relations it was proposed a structural model composed of thirteen (13) hypotheses. The empirical research tested the perceived value measurement scale developed for customers of banking services in accordance with the steps suggested by the literature. The empirical test was carried out in two field studies. The first consisted of 167 (one hundred and sixty-seven) undergraduate and post graduate students who use banking services and the second by 341 (three hundred forty-one) banking customers selected at different locations in the city of Fortaleza, Brazil. Its was used in the research a descriptive survey method based on primary data collection through structured questionnaires. The results were analyzed in a quantitative approach, in particular bivariate correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and statistical techniques of structural equation modeling. Overall, the research objectives were met, with the validation of a scale to measure perceived value in banking and the confirmation of 5 (five) developed hypotheses using structural equation modeling. The confirmed hypotheses were: (1 ) Operational quality is positively related to trust, (2) Operational quality positively influences customer satisfaction, (3) Convenience access positively influences satisfaction, (4) satisfaction is directly and positively related to confidence and (5) trust directly and positively influences loyalty. At the end of the paper, indications of possible improvements for future research are discussed.